摘要:

ABSTRACTThe effect of individual chairside instruction and motivation on children using either manual or electric toothbrushes was investigated. From 123 children aged 9–15 years attending the Children's Department, Eastman Dental Hospital, four groups were constructed. Group 1 acted as the control, Groups 2 and 3 used manual toothbrushes and received instruction and motivation, and Group 4 used electric toothbrushes (Touch Tronic, Teledyne Aqua Tec®) and also received instruction and motivation. For all children, modified Löeand Silness’Gingival and Plaque Indices were scored, a disclosing agent applied and a prophylaxis completed. Children in Groups 2, 3 and 4 were additionally shown the disclosed plaque, and its importance was discussed. Their attempts to “get the stain off” were checked and their own brushing techniques modified. Re‐examinations took place after 1 and 3 months. To estimate the reliability of the diagnosis, 172 of the 344 examinations were repeated by a second operator. The overall coefficient of correlation (between operators) was 0.8. In the control group no detectable improvement in the gingival health or oral cleanliness occurred over the 3‐month study period. However, both gingival and plaque scores decreased significantly, by 35–50 %, in all instructed and motivated groups within 1 month and this improvement was still observable 2 months later. There were no significant differences in improvement between motivated children using manual or electr

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1975.tb00320.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe caries prophylactic effect of semi‐annual applications of a fluoride‐containing varnish (Duraphat®) was tested in 121 15‐year‐old children. The children were divided into a test (60 subjects) and a control group (61 subjects). The teeth of the children in the test group were coated with the fluoride varnish at the beginning of the experimental period and again 6 months later. A clinical and radiographic examination of all children was performed immediately prior to the first application of varnish and 1 year later. The mean caries increment was 0.9 new DMFS in the test group and 4.0 in the control group. The difference was statistically significant at the 0.1 % level. The caries prophylactic effect on different tooth surfaces was statistically significant both on proximal and on occlusal surfaces at the 0.1 % level. Analyzing the material with respect to the caries prophylactic effect against the background of caries prevalence at the start of the investigation showed a better effect in the group of children with low and medium initial DMF

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1975.tb00321.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe purpose of the investigation was to determine the effect of chlorhexidine mouthrinses as a supplement to toothbrushing in the plaque control of mentally retarded children. Fifty‐four mentally subnormal children 7–14 years of age took part in the investigation. During the first period, half of the children rinsed their mouths with 0.2 % chlorhexidine gluconate solution twice a day. The rest of the children used a placebo mouth‐rinse. After an 8‐week interval a “cross‐over” experiment was carried out during which a 0.1 % chlorhexidine solution was used. Plaque and gingival indices were scored at the beginning of each period, after 3 weeks, and at the termination after 6 weeks. The results revealed that mouthrinses with 0.1 % as well as 0.2 % chlorhexidine gluconate reduced plaque and gingivitis in mentally retarded children. The results were statistically significant (P<0.05) for both concentrations. Furthermore, the investigation confirmed the occurrence of certain side effects such as discoloration of teet

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1975.tb00322.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTOne hundred and thirty‐one young adults were used in a controlled study to determine whether a proteolytic mouthwash produced fromB. subtiliscould help remove existing plaque, decrease the rate of plaque accumulation or reduce the clinical signs of gingivitis. These subjects were stratified by means of the Gingival Index and the Shaver‐Schiff Plaque Index into severe or mild groups. These groups were further divided in a random fashion into treatment and placebo groups. The treatment group rinsed with a proteolytic mouthwash consisting mainly of neutral and alkaline proteases and amylase. A placebo mouthwash was used by the control group. The results of this investigation indicate that there is no statistically significant reduction either in existing plaque or in the rate of plaque accumulation when this proteolytic enzyme mouthwash is used. Furthermore, in the treatment group the degree of gingivitis as measured by the GI was not redu

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1975.tb00323.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe number of overlapped and unreadable surfaces occurring on bitewing radiographs of 1,417 children participating in a clinical trial was recorded. Of erupted surfaces, only 73.3 % were completely visible to both participating examiners. Interexaminer and intraexaminer reproducibility ratios were calculated according to the F.D.I, recommendations. The ratios obtained in the present study ranged from 0.06 to 0.36. Almost 57 % of approximal cavities were diagnosed on radiographic examination only: 21 % were diagnosed clinically, but were not apparent on the radiographs.

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1975.tb00324.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTA survey of approximately 8,300 subjects in the State of South Australia indicated that approximately 228,400 South Australians aged 15 years and over (26%) were edentulous and, of these, 95 % wore full maxillary and mandibular dentures. The proportion of edentulous subjects increased with age and was lower in males, upper socioeconomic groups, immigrants and in the State capital.

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1975.tb00325.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTPrevalence studies of dental anomalies of number, form and size have varied greatly in their findings. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate from published studies the effect of variables in sampling techniques and examination methods and to suggest diagnostic criteria. In sampling the ethnic background, the sex distribution, age and derivation of the group studied are shown to be important, but the consumption of near optimum concentrations of fluoride in drinking water does not appear to influence findings. For the examination, a dental history is important and full radiographic coverage essential. Findings should be recorded separately for each dentition, while these anomalies should be studied as a group rather than singly. Diagnostic criteria are proposed for supernumerary teeth, hypodontia, invaginated teeth, double teeth, megadontia and microdontia.

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1975.tb00326.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTTwo hundred Skolt Lapps aged 8 to 16 years were examined for malocclusion with the aid of intraoral radiography and dental casts. The frequency of loss of permanent teeth was high, particularly of the first molars. Also, many teeth were severely defective because of caries. Hypodontia was very common. The frequency of tipped and rotated teeth was high, probably as a consequence of the frequent loss of neighboring teeth. Space and occlusal anomalies were roughly as common as in urbanized Swedish and Danish materials. The need for orthodontic treatment, judged on a 5‐grade scale by one examiner, was found to be greater than in Swedish material

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1975.tb00327.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1975.tb00328.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY