摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to estimate the cost‐effectiveness of three alternative community programs to prevent dental caries among Catalonia's schoolchildren. The programs were: fluoridation of the public water supply, fortnightly 0.2% NaF mouthrinses administered in schools, and supervised tooth brushing with a fluoride toothpaste in schools. Caries prevalence data for Catalan children are given and the methodology for the study is described. The estimated cost of saving 1 DMFS with each program was: 53.40 Pts (US$ 0.39) with fluoridation of the water supply; 305.20 Pts (US$ 2.26) with fluoride mouthrinses; and 1498 Pts (US$ 11–09) with supervised tooth brushing. The feasibility of the programs in Catalonia and their educational values for the target population are conside

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1987.tb01738.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe process of not attending the dentist is a vicious cycle in which anxiety plays a crucial role. A research project concerning the disease and non‐disease reasons for full mouth extraction provided an opportunity to describe the dental histories in terms of dental attendance pattern and related factors which resulted in full dentures. Three profiles of dental histories could be outlined: 1) The regular attenders (19%). Because of their age (x̄= 47 yr), their positive attitude towards dentistry together with their positive attitude towards full dentures, it is suggested that the possibilities of keeping the natural dentition were exhausted so that full mouth extraction was an acceptable solution. 2) The symptomatic attenders (38%). Because anxiety, which was widespread in this group, was not based on negative experiences, it is suggested that anxiety is caused by social learning. Together with their positive attitude towards full dentures, the high prevalence of full dentures in their social environment and their low socioeconomic status, the conclusion is drawn that these patients lived in a culture which supports behavior that leads to total tooth loss. 3) Once regular attenders (43%). In this group anxiety leads to a negative perception of dental visits and to a negative attitude towards dentists. As a consequence dental visits are deferred, which results in deterioration of the dentition. Experiences with dentists are distorted in a negative way, which increases denial anxiety. Facilitated by a positive attitude towards full dentures, their bad dental condition finally urges them to take full dentures al early a

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1987.tb01739.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA hypothesis was developed that the impact or importance of oral health problems may be reflected in a person's ability to remember these problems occurring in a given period spontaneously. That means that the recollection should occur on a nonspecific stimulant, i.e. a general question regarding recall of health problems. This hypothesis was first tested on existing data. A representative sample (n = 1622) of the Dutch population was asked to list all the health problems they had experienced the preceding year. Only 13 persons mentioned an oral health problem. From more specific questions on dental matters it appeared that about 15% of the sample had experienced oral health problems in this period. One hundred and forty‐six respondents indeed had received dental care because of acute pain. These data indicate that the impact of oral health problems on a person's daily life is small. Otherwise the oral health problem would have been mentioned spontaneously more often. Three possible explanations for this phenomenon are discusse

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1987.tb01740.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions among institutionalized elderly. The study population comprised 486 elderly from eight nursing homes, and 199 elderly from five hospital long‐term care facilities in the eastern part of Denmark. Approximately half of the subjects exhibited one or more pathologic conditions of the oral mucosa. Denture related traumatic ulcerations were found in 3.9% of the nursing home residents, compared to 8.3% among the elderly in hospital long‐term care. The most prevalent finding was denture stomatitis, which was manifest in about one third of the elderly. The prevalence was strongly influenced by the denture hygiene; 54% of the elderly with poor denture hygiene suffered from denture stomatitis, as compared to only 7% of those with clean dentures. The prevalence of denture stomatitis was also related to the usage of dentures at night and to the age of the dentures. The prevalence decreased significantly with increasing age, although the oldest age group did not have better denture hygiene, or more favorable wearing habits. It did not appear that sex, type of residency, degree of urbanization, denture conditions, or the use of anticholinergic drugs influenced the prevalence of denture stomatitis. The prevalence and severity of the disease can probably be reduced if the denture hygiene is improved and if the elderly only use their dentures during the daytime. The necessary instructions should be given not only to the elderly, but also to the institutional staff, who should be instructed and trained in the procedures required. The high prevalence of oral mucosal lesions is one of the reasons why systematic oral examinations of the institutional elderly should take place and be undertaken by qualified dentists at regular interv

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1987.tb01741.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn a stratified random sample of 41 long term care (LTC) facilities in Vancouver, 653 residents were chosen to investigate oral health needs and demands for treatment. All of the 603 dentists in the same area were questioned to assess their interest in attending the residents of the institutions. The information from each source was reviewed to identify factors influencing the oral health services to this predominantly elderly and medically compromised population. The majority (60%) of the residents were edentulous and they made infrequent demands on dentists. Two‐thirds of those interviewed said that there was nothing wrong with their mouths, but most of those who were aware of a problem wanted it treated, preferably within the institution. They complained about loose or uncomfortable dentures most frequently, and many were dissatisfied with previous dental treatment. The oral mucosal lesions seen on examination were usually symptomless and associated with poor hygiene, while structurally defective dentures and deep carious lesions were not uncommon. The responding 334 dentists indicated that they enjoyed treating elderly patients, 19% had attended an LTC facility, usually to provide an emergency service, and 37% were willing to provide this service if asked. Interest, however, in the service was curtailed by pressures from private practice, concerns about inadequate training and the small demand and poor conditions in the facilities. Although the demand for treatment was not extensive from the residents, they did have problems that were not receiving car

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1987.tb01742.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study analyzes factors having influence on dentists capacity to give periodontal therapy. The data was collected by the questionnaire from 134 randomly selected Finnish dentists. The effects were examined by two‐ and multiway frequency tables. The results indicated that the time since graduation had the strongest single effect. Also the prediction categories dealing with continuing education and scientific interest were related to periodontal capacities of dentists. The combined effects of certain variables as sex, type of position and place of practice indicate that the cumulation of certain favourable factors is needed to accomplish periodontal therapy in Finland. It was concluded that the promotion of periodontal care can be realized reliably by improved levels of undergraduate and postgraduate educatio

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1987.tb01743.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe aim was to study whether dietary habits, oral hygiene expressed as gingival status, and presence/absence of S. mutans and lactobacilli, singly or in combinations, could be used as caries predictors. Sensitivity, specificity and predictive values for positive (PV +) and negative tests (PV ‐) were calculated. 133 children, 3 yr of age, were examined for caries and presence/absence of S. mutans and lactobacilli. Three levels of gingival status and dietary habits, respectively, were registered. Two groups in respect of dietary habits and oral hygiene were formed by stepwise pooling of the caries data for the nine possible combinations of oral hygiene and dietary habits, setting the most discriminating border (screening level) where sensitivity (0.86) and specificity (0.69) simultaneously reached their highest value. PV+ was 0.58 and PV‐ 0.91. Higher predictive values were obtained when presence/absence of lactobacilli and of S. mutans were combined. Combinations of defined levels of dietary habits, gingival status and presence/absence of lactobacilli showed sensitivity 0.87, specificity 0.95, PV+ 0.87 and PV‐ 0.95, presence/absence of S. mutans sensitivity 0.94, specificity 0.76, PV+ 0.74 and PV‐ 0.95. A two‐step prediction, with gingival status as the first predictor and presence/absence of lactobacilli or S. mutans as the second, was the most efficient when lactobacilli were

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1987.tb01744.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe caries predictive value of incipient caries lesions (INC), salivary buffering capacity (DBPH), and salivary lactobacilli and yeasts (DCOC) was studied using logistic regression models. Additionally the effect of age was analysed. The subjects (n = 284) were from 7 to 12 yr of age (categorized ≤9 yr and ≥ 10 yr). The measurements were carried out with Dentocult, Oricult and Dentobuff chair‐side methods (Orion Diagnostica, Helsinki) in two groups of a field study. INC and DCOC contributed significantly to prediction in both groups. The estimated odds for being a caries active subject were about 20‐fold in one group and 33.5‐fold in ≥ 10 yr in the other, when a child had positive values for INC and DCOC, in comparison with all negative values. Additionally DBPH had predictive value in both age categories in the latter group. Although the prediction was not perfect on an individual basis (correct in about 70% of subjects) the estimated odds‐ratios clearly describe the differences in the susceptibility to caries. The results suggest that the present variables, especially in combination, have good ability to distinguish subjects in respect of high and low car

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1987.tb01745.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn odontometric analysis was undertaken of the teeth of 6–7 and 14–15‐yr‐old schoolchildren exposed throughout life to a naturally fluoridated drinking water supply (2.5 ppm) in Klipfontein and of equivalent children living in the adjacent area of Garies (1.06 ppm). Measurements were made of the mesio‐dislal diameter of permanent maxillary and mandibular central incisors, second premolars and first and second molars; in addition, bucco‐lingual measurements of the molars were made. In comparing the dimensions of teeth in the high‐ and optimum‐fluoride samples, a tendency towards smaller dimensions in the former group was observed, but statistically significant differences applied to only some of the measurements. This finding suggests a reducing influence on crown size of an increase in the level of fluoride in the drinking water. Coupled with previous findings that increasing the fluoride level from low or zero to optimal results in a reduction in crown size, an inverse relationship between crown size and fluoride level in the drinking water appears possible, but has not been confirme

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1987.tb01746.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSince the caries prevalence has not declined in Iceland as it has in other European countries, it was of interest to study the presence of cariogenic bacteria in Icelandic children. The prevalence of salivary mutans streptococci and lactobacilli was examined in 217 11‐ and 12‐yr‐old Icelandic children and was related to their caries prevalence. In 2% of the children mutans streptococci were not found whereas 31% and 35% of the 11‐yr‐olds and 12‐yr‐olds respectively carried more than 106CPU per ml saliva. Lactobacilli were not detected in 8% of the children whereas 28% of the 11‐yr‐olds and 23% of the 12‐yr‐olds had more than 105CPU per ml saliva. The mean caries prevalence (DPS), initial caries included, for 11‐yr‐olds was 21.6 and for 12‐yr‐olds 28.8. Both mutans streptococci and lactobacilli were significantly correlated to each other as well as to caries prevalence. An increased number of these microorganisms, especially the mutans streptococci, were associated with an increased DPS. Children with high salivary counts of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli showed four times higher DPS than children with low numbers. The magnitude of salivary cariogenic bacteria as well as caries prevalence was found to resemble the situation in Sweden 10 yr ago. S. mutans (serotype c/e/f) was carried by all mutans streptococci positive children. S. sobrinus (serotype d/g) was found in 60 children (30.2%). Children with both S. mutans and S. sobrinus had significantly higher salivary counts of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli as well as caries prevalence than

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1987.tb01747.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY