摘要:

AbstractIn the autumn of 1969, 1972, 1975 and 1978 clinical and radiographic dental examinations were carried out on about 800 children in The Hague of kindergartens, and 2nd, 4th and 6th grades of elementary schools. The aim of this investigation was to assess what changes, if any, in dental health may have taken place as a result of the campaign ‘Haagse Aktie’, based on dietary and dental health education. In the 5‐, 7‐ and 9‐year‐old children no differences in dental health were found between 1969 and 1972. The first considerable improvement was found in 1975, especially in children from high social levels. In 1978 the children showed an even better dental health, compared with 1975. In the 5‐year‐old children the average dsmfs was 6.8. The average D3MFS in children of 7, 9 and 11 years of age in 1978 was 1.8, 3.9 and 8.2. At all socioeconomic levels the improvement of dental health was due to a considerable increase in the percentage of caries free children between 1975 and 1978; 27.6%, 51.8%, 21.2% and 7.4%, respectively, of the 5‐, 7‐, 9‐ and 11‐year‐old children were caries free in 1978, compared with 10.0%, 14.2%, 3.1 % and 0.9% in 1975. However, the reason for the reduction in caries is not known: it can only be t

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1981.tb01029.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyze oral hygiene habits among Finnish adolescents with regard to age, sex, residence, socioeconomic factors, school career and success. A representative sample of 3209 Finnish adolescents, 13–19 years of age, was drawn. The data were collected by mail surveys in February and September 1977. Participation percentages were 88 and 79. The proportions of daily brushers were 89 % in girls and 57 % in boys. Toothpicks were used sporadically by every second adolescent but daily by 3% only. Dental floss was used sporadically by 10% of the adolescents but daily by 1 %only. In this respect girls were more assiduous than boys. Frequency of toothbrushing clearly increased with age. Girls brushed their teeth significantly more often than boys. The influence of socioeconomic factors was consistent in boys but almost nonexistent in girls. Children of white‐collar workers reported better oral hygiene habits than children of blue‐collar workers and farmers. Urban adolescents reported better habits than rural adolescents. School success correlated positively with toothbrushing frequency in the younger age groups. Dental health education given by a dentist, a teacher, a hygienist or a nurse had poor correlation with the oral hygiene habits of Finnish adolescents. It was concluded that dental health education should be more directed towards boys, especially at ages 13–15. The education should be planned so that the dental health education better reaches youth of rural areas and lower social

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1981.tb01030.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract4374 proximal surfaces on 791 posterior bitewing radiographs were classified according to overlappings. Six categories were used: 1) no overlapping, 2) blurred contact areas, 3) less than half of the enamel overlapped, 4) more than half of the enamel overlapped, 5) dentin overlapped, and 6) unclassifiable overlappings. Filled surfaces and surfaces not in contact were excluded. Only 19% of the surfaces did not have overlappings. 65 % exhibited mild overlappings (categories 2 and 3), and 16 % severe overlappings (categories 4, 5 and 6). The frequencies of no overlappings varied from 7% to 40% for single tooth surfaces. The relationship between distribution of overlappings and tooth surfaces was statistically significant at the 0.05% level. Principles of excluding overlapping surfaces have been inconsistent in previous epidemiologic studies and clinical trials. The use of exact criteria for exclusion is recommended.

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1981.tb01031.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwenty‐two extracted human molars and premolars with a total of34 initial proximal carious lesions were radiographed in 16 different views varying the horizontal angulation of the X‐ray beam in steps of 2.5° The radiographs were read simultaneously by three observers. Clinical and radiographic diagnoses were compared. When utilizing all 16 views the concordance was 95%. All proximal surfaces were scored using four scoring classes. Surfaces without radiolucencies were scored 0, and carious surfaces were scored according to the extent of the radiolucencies. Nine sound and 12 carious surfaces were assigned identical scores in all 16 views, while 22 (65%) of the carious surfaces were assigned two, three or four different scores. Deviations from a direction of the X‐ray beam tangential to the proximal surface eliciting a radiographic image belonging to a different score were measured. In 71% of the cases a deviation of 7.5° or less elicited a different score. Projectional circumstances should be taken into consideration in interpreting proximal radiolu

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1981.tb01032.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The aim was to select a method for gaining correct past history data about dietary habits by studying how caries varied in relation to dietary habits. Therefore, an interview was used in one group of preschoolchildren and a questionnaire in another group. Ninety‐three 4‐year‐old children were included and divided by lot into two groups. The groups were comparable concerning dmfs, gingival status and oral hygiene. The parents were either interviewed or filled in a questionnaire about the children's dietary habits. The interview contained the same questions as the questionnaire and was standardized with the instructions for filling in the questionnaire, which concentrated on frequency of eating different foods. An average frequency of cariologically unsuitable eating of food per day was calculated for each child. Each group was distributed over frequency classes:<2, ≥2<5 and ≥5 unsuitable food intakes per day, and the mean caries value was calculated for each class. The amount of caries increased in a logical way with increasing frequency of unsuitable eating in the interview group, but not in the questionnaire group. It might therefore be concluded, for groups of preschoolchildren, that the interview technique gives more relevant information than the questionnaire

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1981.tb01033.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe study material consisted of 1417 children 6–8 years old representing 86% of a stratified random sample from the Finnish population. Data on caries and social class were obtained by questionnaire from the municipal dental clinics in 1978. Clinical findings for primary teeth were recorded by local dentists. Incisors were excluded from the study. 80% of the children had caries lesions, and 63 % were in need of restorative care. Mean dmft value was 4.4, mean dt, ft, and mt values were 2.3, 2.6 and 0.3, respectively. Occurrence of untreated caries lesions did not vary according to age. Compared to the girls, boys had lost twice as many teeth due to caries. No other differences were observed between sexes. Both past caries experience and need of restorative care increased continuously from the highest social class to the lowest. Observed regional differences were explained mainly by variation in social stratification, except in an area with abundant natural fluoride. More active dental care is needed for children with primary teeth, especially in lower social classe

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1981.tb01034.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe oral health of 402 12‐year‐old Black schoolchildren was studied. Dental caries was seen in 65.6%, but 58.2% had a DMFT of less than 6, while the mean DMFT was 2.3. Few teeth were missing or filled, the majority being decayed. No significant association was found between DMFT and sex, ethnic group or father's occupation. Periodontal disease was seen in 40.3% and malocclusions were rare, being present in only 11

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1981.tb01035.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn investigation on some epidemiologic factors in children with traumatized anterior teeth was carried out on 6090 Iraqis and 3507 Sudanese primary schoolchildren. There were no significant differences found between Iraqi males and females as to the cause of trauma. In the Sudanese the rate of accidents due to more aggressive actions were significantly higher in boys. The place of trauma being inside or outside the school was also investigated and it was found that accidents occurred significantly more outside school than inside in all the age groups in both countries.

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1981.tb01036.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe prevalence of infraocclusion of primary molars was studied in 1059 Swedish children aged 3–12 years with an even distribution between the age groups. No extractions were performed due to infraocclusion. 94 children (8.9%) showed infraocclusion of primary molars Infraocclusion was found from 3 years of age. The prevalence varied between age groups, with a maximum of 14.3% in 8‐and 9‐year‐old children and a minimum of 1.9% in 12‐year‐old children 49 children had a single tooth in infraocclusion. The primary mandibular molars were affected more than 10 times as often as the maxillary. The prevalence of infraocclusion of primary mandibular first molars rose to a maximum at 8 years. The prevalence of infraocclusion of the primary mandibular second molar showed a similar patten but with a 1–2‐year delay, up to a maximum in 9‐year‐old children. After this age the mandibular second molar was the tooth most commonly found in infraocclusion. In a study of 138 3–12‐year‐old siblings of 109 children with infraocclusion the prevalence of infraocclusion was found to be 18.1 %. When compared with the frequency in the total material (8.9%), the difference proved to be significant, supporting the hypothesis that there is a familial tendency in infraocclusion of primary molars. The mode of inheritance is discussed and it is concluded that the most likely explanation is that the condition is inherited

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1981.tb01037.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY