摘要:

AbstractThe first‐year consequences of national dental insurance, introduced in Sweden in 1974, are examined here from the point of view of social justice. The concept of equity of access in medical care is discussed. In a local survey, a comparison is made between use of dental services in 1972, 1973, and 1974. The results indicate that fewer people visited the dentist after the implementation of the insurance than before. Other evidence supports this conclusion. People traditionally considered to be underprivileged as to dental care were compared with other people. One underprivileged group, edentulous persons, received more treatment after the insurance was instituted than befor

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1976.tb00987.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractLack of information on the dental behavior of adults in Denmark has become a major problem in the national planning of dental services. The purpose of this study was to establish the pattern of utilization of dental services among adult Danes (aged 15 and above). A three‐stage cluster sampling design covering the total adult population of Denmark was used to draw a representative sample comprising 1,600 persons. Household interviews by trained interviewers were carried out. Of the adults interviewed, 58% reported yearly dental visits the last 5 years, 32% had not seen a dentist or only when in pain, and 10% went irregularly. Differences according to place of living, age, sex, occupation and school dental care were found. 63% of those who had not seen a dentist reported bad teeth or were edentulous with or without dentures. 10% reported fear, 9 % had good teeth and 5 % reported economic difficulties. The most frequent treatments at the latest dental visit were cleaning and filling for the regular patients and extractions and dentures for the non‐regular patients. A multiple classification analysis revealed that the number of teeth was the strongest predictor for utilization of dental services, with the following predictors in descending order: age, occupation, place of living, economy, sex and school dental care. These variables could explain 58% of the variation in utilizat

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1976.tb00988.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis analysis of a caries index, proposed in 1966 to WHO as a simplified method of measurement, as tested on a 16‐ to 45‐year‐old population who were seeking dental care at the University of Minnesota School of Dentistry revealed several weaknesses associated with the index. An analysis of the external validity of this index, a comparison with subjects' DMFS scores, revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.71. Although the index purports to measure the prevalence and severity of dental caries by dividing the dentition into five zones representing increasing severity of dental caries experience, an analysis of this index's internal validity, i.e. whether these five zones truly represent a rank‐order scale of severity, revealed misclassification rates of from 21 % for the total population up to 44 % for a subgroup. When zones were recombined to reduce the misclassification rates, the descriptive capabilities of the index were greatly reduced as most subjects were then classified in only one or two of th

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1976.tb00989.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe aims of the present study were (1) to analyze the separate effects on plaque, caries, and gingivitis of several measures (oral hygiene instruction, professional tooth cleaning with mechanical instruments, topical application of sodium monofluorophosphate – MFP) which have been incorporated in a prophylactic treatment program, described by Axelsson&Lindhe1, and (2) to prevent caries and gingivitis by applying the combined treatment but replacing the professional mechanical tooth cleaning with chemical cleaning using a chlorhexidine‐containing gel. 164 children, 13–14 years old, divided into four groups, participated in a 2‐year trial. All participants were recalled once every 2nd week for preventive treatment provided by dental nurses. During the 1st year Groups 3 and 4 received prophylactic treatment identical to that described by Axelsson&Lindhe1. During the 2nd year the professional tooth cleaning was omitted but oral hygiene instruction was given every 2nd week. During the 1st year Groups 1 and 2 were treated with 0.5 % chlorhexidine but during the 2nd year they were subjected to professional tooth cleaning with mechanical instruments. Throughout the trial Groups 1 and 3 rinsed once every 2nd week with a 2 % MFP solution. The results showed that by oral hygiene instruction and frequently repeated professional tooth cleanings it was possible to substantially reduce the frequency of gingivitis and prevent caries. When this treatment was used, mouthrinsings with 2 % MFP had no additional effect on caries. The substitution of the mechanical cleaning procedure with topical application of a 0.5 % chlorhexidine gel failed to (1) remove supra‐gingival plaque accumulations, (2) reduce the frequency of gingivitis, and (3) retard the rate of caries development. The data also revealed that interdental cleaning with mechanical instruments was of decisive importance in the prevention of approxirnal surfa

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1976.tb00990.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA 4‐year clinical trial was conducted to determine the effect on dental caries incidence of the use of acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF 1.23 %). 1,653 Egyptian schoolchildren aged 8 years started the trial. Dental caries was assessed annually by clinical examinations. 1,027 children completed the study. After 4 years, the children in the study group showed a mean of 2.58 DMF teeth and 2.68 DMF surfaces. Those in the control group showed 2.58 and 2.67, respectively. No significant reduction in the caries increment was observed at 0.05 level. The findings of this study suggest that topical application of fluoride does not decrease pit and fissure carie

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1976.tb00991.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMean times of emergence of the permanent teeth (except the first and third molars and mandibular central incisors) were studied cross‐sectionally in an unmixed East Greenland population in 1957 and in present West Greenland Eskimo children. In spite of differences in racial and environmental conditions, practically no difference was found between the two samples in the timing of dental development in general, taking into account the average difference in emergence times of the individual teeth. Both samples showed advanced dental development in comparison with two unmixed Caucasoid and two unmixed Mongoloid populations. The mutual similarity in timing of tooth emergence between the East and West Greenland Eskimo children was considerably greater than the similarity between each of the Eskimo samples and any of the other four population

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1976.tb00992.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn oral health survey was conducted in‐the tropical city of Townsville 10 years after its water supply was fluoridated to a level of 0.7 parts/108. The results of the calibration of examiners prior to the survey are presented. Checks on the consistency and comparability of the results obtained by each examiner during the survey show that the results are reliable and reproducible. Dental caries experience of both primary and permanent teeth was found to be significantly lower in Townsville than in 16 non‐fluoridated towns. Comparisons are also made between the prevalence of caries in Townsville and four naturally fluoridated to

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1976.tb00993.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn order to assess the prevalence of untreated caries in two groups of Danish 7th grade (13‐ to 14‐year‐old) schoolchildren in a blind study, a radiographic investigation was carried out. Only half of the children (394) had received regular school dental care during their years of attendance of primary school; the other children (368) had not. A bitewing radiograph of the right side of the mouth of each child was taken, employing a standardized technique. The radiographs were read without the examiner knowing the group identity of the radiographs. The criteria for discarding poor radiographs, teeth, and tooth surfaces are described. Some of the radiographic results are compared with the clinical caries score of the same group. Most of the radiographs without untreated caries were found among those of the children who received school dental service. Uncertainly of method in connection with radiographic investigation is disc

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1976.tb00994.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book on epidemiology Alderson, M.:An introduction to epidemiology.

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1976.tb00996.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY