摘要:

AbstractFor practical reasons the numbers of mutans streptococci (MS) and lactobacilli (LB) in plaque are commonly estimated from saliva samples. The saliva counts are considered to be a reasonable indicator of the entire dentition's total microbial load. However, the value of salivary counts for explaining and predicting caries have been found to be low. There was therefore reason to compare the relationships between caries on the one hand and, on the other, the number of MS or LB in plaque and in saliva, respectively, in order to assess their relative merits for explaining the variation in caries, both in a total material and in subgroups with less favourable oral hygiene. Sixty children aged 14–15 years participated in the study. Caries and plaque were registered and the number of MS and LB was estimated in total plaque and in stimulated saliva samples. The results showed that the number of MS or LB in plaque did not explain the variation in caries to a greater degree than did the salivary counts. For both bacteria the explanatory values increased, as expected, in subgroups with less favourable oral hygiene, but not even at this higher level of explanation was there any difference between plaque and saliva. The LB count was a stronger explanatory variable than the MS count. It was concluded that the number of MS and LB, estimated in total plaque as well as in saliva samples, is not a useful tool in predictio

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1996.tb00834.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRecent studies have suggested that the identification of caries as discrete patterns may be valuable in describing and predicting caries experience on an individual basis. The purpose of this study was to assess the association between levels of salivary mutans streptococci and the prevalence, incidence and distribution of caries patterns in the primary dentition. A cohort of pre‐school children (n=146, mean age 3.8 yr) were examined for dental caries and sampled for salivary mutans streptococci (SMS) at baseline and once annually for 2 yr. Children's tooth surfaces were categorized into four patterns: pit/fissure, maxillary anterior, posterior proximal, and buccal/lingual smooth surface. Salivary mutans streptococci were enumerated using a tongue blade technique, and were categorized as low (0 CPU), moderate (1–50 CPU) and high (>50 CPU). At year 2, children with high baseline SMS had the 1) highest prevalence of caries (87%) and the highest dmfs (9.15); 2) highest prevalence of each pattern, and 3) greatest number of patterns. Among children with the pit/fissure pattern, those with high baseline SMS had the greatest pit/fissure dmfs after 2 yr. Results show that baseline SMS levels were associated with both cross‐sectional and longitudinal caries experience, numbers of caries patterns, and the prevalence and severity of those pat

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1996.tb00835.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe relationship between diet and dental caries in a Tanzanian population was studied. Mutans streptococci, lactobacilli. yeasts, salivary flow rate as well as buffer effect were also analyzed. A random sample of 12‐, 35–44‐ and 65‐ to 74‐year olds was drawn from Msongola (rural) and Ukombozi (urban), Dar‐es‐Salaam. The mean of two 24‐h recalls was used for the assessment of food intake. The percentage of those with at least one carious tooth ranged from 30% in the 12‐year‐olds to 80% in the oldest age group. The mean number of decayed teeth (DT) increased significantly with age (p=0.000) but was not significantly associated with the area of residence. DT increased significantly (p=0.048) with the number of snacks per day and was also associated with dietary sucrose (P=0.025). total carbohydrates (p=0.002) and fiber (p=0.002). Among salivary variables lactobacilli (p.000) correlated positively with DT. Our study did not reveal any strong association between total energy intake and dental caries in rural or urban populations in Tanzania but snacking and sucrose intake were significantly associated with caries, in particula

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1996.tb00836.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe main aim of this study was to compare the intervals between initial and recall bitewing radiography recommended by general dental practitioners (GDPs) with those advocated in published guidelines. A questionnaire containing eight clinical scenarios was distributed to GDPs in two areas of England, Birmingham (fluoridated) and Manchester (non‐fluoridated). The response rate was 70.8% There was considerable agreement (>66.0%) with recommended guidelines for all low caries risk scenarios, but in three out of the four high caries risk scenarios a minority of dentists were in agreement (<49.5%). In high caries risk scenarios there was a tendency to over prescription with adult patients and under‐prescription for patients in the mixed dentition. For all low risk scenarios except the youngest patient, there was a significantly greater agreement with the guidelines amongst Birmingham dentists, with the Manchester group having a greater tendency to over‐prescription. This difference may be related to the effects of fluoridation of the water supply in the Birmingham area. There was generally greater agreement with the guidelines amongst younger dentists, with their older colleagues tending to tinder‐prescription. The results suggest that greater emphasis on selection criteria in continuing education of dentists is r

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1996.tb00837.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDuring recent decades, the duties and care rendered by Swedish dental hygienists have continuously expanded, and since 1991 they are licensed to practice dental hygiene independently. The aim of the present study was to investigate the accuracy of dental hygienists in examining and recording dental caries in comparison with dentists performing identical examinations. The study included two parts: A) Registration of carious lesions from radiographs of 100 extracted teeth, where the correct diagnosis could be verified, and B) clinical examination and registration of carious lesions in 213 patients. No statistically significant differences could be found between the dental hygienists” and their control dentists' accuracy to diagnose and record dental decay, with the exception of the number of initial lesions (white spot lesions) registered clinically, where the dental hygienists recorded more buccal and lingual lesions. Irrespective of the group of examiners (dental hygienists or dentists), however, the inter‐examiner variation was wide. The variation decreased with the size of the lesion and increased with the age of the patient. This study suggests that no patient with a restorative treatment need would have been neglected if the dental hygienists had performed the examination, and, possibly, a more accurate non‐restorative treatment need would have been addr

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1996.tb00838.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Seow WK, Amaratunge A, Bennett R, Bronsch D, Lai PY: Dental health of Aboriginal pre‐schools children in Brisbane, Australia.AbstractThis investigation studied the dental health status of a group of 184 Australian Aboriginal children with a mean age of 4.4±0.8 years, who were attending pre‐schools in metropolitan Brisbane, a non‐fluoridated stale capital city. The DDE (Developmental Detects of Enamel) Index was used to chart enamel hypoplasia and enamel opacities. WHO criteria was used to diagnose dental caries. The results showed that 98% of children had at least one tooth showing developmental enamel defects. Each child had a mean of 3.8 ± 1.7 teeth affected by enamel hypoplasia and another 1.1 ± 0.8 teeth affected by enamel opacity. Seventy‐eight percent of the children had dental caries. The mean number of decayed, missing, filled teeth (dmft) per child was 3.8±3.7. The decayed component consituted 3.5 (95%) of the mean dmft, indicating a high unmet restorative need in this group. The mean dmft (decayed, missing, filled, surfaces) was 5.9 ± 7.3. Maxillary anterior labial decay of al least one tooth affected 43(23%) of the children. In this sub‐group, the dmft and dmfs was 9.1 ± 2.8 and 15.4 ± 7.7 respectively. Oral debris was found in 98% of the children. It is hypothesized that the high levels of underlying developmental enamel defects, compounded by low fluoride exposure, poor oral hygiene and a diet high in refined sugars pose an important caries risk factor in this g

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1996.tb00839.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSatisfaction with dental care, perceived need for dental care, and dental care utilization were analyzed as to equality in geographical, socio‐economic, and gender distributions. The study base was a cross‐sectional mail questionnaire sent in 1992 to all 50‐year old persons (totally 8890) in Örebro and Östergötland counties in Sweden. Measures of the variables were all based on self‐assessments. The response rate was 71.3%. The results showed no large inequalities as to satisfaction, except the aspect travel time for rural residents. They also had higher perceived need for dental care. For utilization of dental care, workers were relatively fewer among “high” consumers. Controlling for socio‐economic group, there were twice as many men than women among “low” consumers. In conclusion, there was relative equality in the dental care delivery in this 50‐year old Swedish population, with some remaining social differences, primarily socio

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1996.tb00840.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWhile substantial proportions of the population of Ontario, Canada continue to have teeth extracted, little is known about the reasons for this loss. In this survey of Ontario general dental practitioners. 128 dentists provided information on 6143 patients they saw during a reference week. Approximately one‐in‐seven of these patients had or were going to have one or more extractions as part of their current course of treatment. The mean number of extractions for patients having at least one tooth taken out was 2.3 (SD=2.5). Emergency patients were more likely than regular patients to have at least one extraction but, on average, had fewer teeth taken out. Orthodontic considerations were the main reason for tooth loss in childhood, caries continued to be an important cause of tooth loss at all ages and periodontal disease accounted for more teeth lost after 40 years of age than caries. This study differs from almost all others in finding that, overall, more permanent teeth were extracted because of periodontal disease than because of caries. The former accounted for 35.9% of teeth lost and the latter for 28.9%. While this may be due to methodological differences between this and other studies, it is consistent with epidemiological data on periodontal disease in the Ontario population and data showing that Ontarians receive little in the way of periodontal c

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1996.tb00841.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe objectives of the present study were to investigate the effects of employer‐provided dental benefits on the pattern of demand for and utilization of denial services among Hong Kong employees and to analyse whether employees' awareness about an existing denial benefit programme influenced their denial service demand and utilization. Staff from 11 selected companies with and without dental benefits responded to questionnaires concerning their personal factors, demand for dental services, and utilization of denial services and about their awareness of their dental benefit coverage. Overall response rate was 67%. The socio‐demographic characteristics of those respondents who were covered and those who were not were similar. Forty per cent of the covered respondents were not aware of their dental benefit coverage, so analysis was performed with three groups of respondents, covered and aware, covered and unaware, and uncovered. A larger proportion of employees in the “aware” group had visited a dentist in the previous 12 months and had visited a dentist for asymptomatic reasons. The “aware” group reported more “low expenditure” items and less “high expenditure” items. Those who were aware of their dental benefit coverage irrespective of the type of scheme reported a significantly higher demand than those who were not aware of their coverage. Demand and utilization of the covered, but unaware, group was more similar to the uncovered group than lo the “aware” group. Coverageper sehad no apparent effect on the demand for dental services. Further studies will be necessary lo establish that higher dental care demand and utilization induced by third party schemes also leads

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1996.tb00842.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn a clinical trial. 1544 Class II amalgam restorations were inserted. In this study 1213 restorations were evaluated after 15 years and the reasons for replacement were registered. Attention was also paid to patient drop‐out and patients' variables such as gender, filling degree, type of tooth (premolar vs molar), type of restoration (MO or DO vs MOD), jaw (upper vs lower) and the patients' operator. Furthermore, replacement rates of three alloys applied in comparable circumstances (n=394) are reported. Of the restorations, 214 (17.6%) were replaced during the trial period. Factors influencing the replacement rates are gender, type of restoration and operator. Factors such as type of tooth and type of alloy seemed to have no influence on the replacement rates in this stud

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1996.tb00843.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY