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1. |
Reliability and Validity of Utilization Review CriteriaAppropriateness Evaluation Protocol, Standardized Medreview Instrument, and Intensity-Severity-Discharge Criteria |
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Medical Care,
Volume 28,
Issue 2,
1990,
Page 95-111
Ira Strumwasser,
Nitin Paranjpe,
David Ronis,
David Share,
Larry Sell,
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摘要:
A study was conducted to assess the reliability and validity of the Appropriateness Evaluation Protocol (AEF), the Standardized Medreview Instrument (SMI) and the Intensity-Severity-Discharge criteria set (ISD), three utilization review instruments used to determine whether inpatient care is required. Reliability and validity were assessed for retrospective application of these instruments to charts of a sample of 119 medical cases from 21 hospitals in the state of Michigan. The reliability of each instrument was determined by having the instrument applied by two different nurse reviewers to each hospital record. Results indicated that the AEP and ISD were moderately reliable, while the SMI had low reliability. The validity of each instrument was tested by comparing the judgments of nurse reviewers using the instruments with the judgment of a panel of physicians. The AEP and ISD were found to be moderately valid and the SMI was found to have low validity. Results suggested that the SMI should not be used. The modest level of validity of the other two instruments suggests that payment should never be denied on the basis of the instrument alone. Payment should be denied only if a physician confirms the judgment based on the instrument that inpatient care was not required.
ISSN:0025-7079
出版商:OVID
年代:1990
数据来源: OVID
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2. |
High-Cost Patients in a Fee-for-Service Medical PlanThe Case for Earlier Intervention |
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Medical Care,
Volume 28,
Issue 2,
1990,
Page 112-123
Leslie Alexandre,
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摘要:
This article describes the high-cost and very high-cost patients in the feefor- service medical plan of one of the nation's largest banks in terms of their demographics and medical plan expenses and utilization, within a single year and during a period of 4 consecutive years. High-cost patients ($5,000-25,000 annually) were dominated by older persons and women 20 to 39 years, while the very high-cost patients (at least $25,000) tended to be older men and infants of both genders. Very high-cost patients used 5 to 7 times more hospital patient days and visited with a physician on an outpatient basis twice as often as high-cost patients. In turn, the high-cost patients experienced 37 to 50 times as many patient days and twice as many outpatient visits as patients whose annual expenses were below $5,000. Longitudinal analyses suggested that while most of the high-cost patients are typically low-cost patients or nonusers of services who experience high-cost time spans, some of them suffer from more serious chronic health problems and are apt to become very high-cost patients. Focusing case-management interventions on this small subgroup of high-cost patients may prevent some very high-cost cases in the future.
ISSN:0025-7079
出版商:OVID
年代:1990
数据来源: OVID
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3. |
The Impact of DRG-Based Budgeting on Inpatient Psychiatric Care in Veterans Administration Medical Centers |
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Medical Care,
Volume 28,
Issue 2,
1990,
Page 124-134
Robert Rosenheck,
Louis Massari,
Boris Astrachman,
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摘要:
In 1985 the Veterans Administration (VA) implemented a prospective budgeting system for acute inpatient care based on diagnosis-related groups (DRGs). To assess the impact of this system on psychiatric care, this study reviewed data on all VA discharges for psychiatric or substance abuse disorders that occurred during the four years before and the four years after this system was implemented. During the four years following the implementation of DRG-based budgeting the number of annual discharges increased by 28.7% and the number of unique patients discharged increased by 15.5%. Average lengths of stay declined by 36.9% and total annual bed days of care per unique patient declined by 29.7%. These changes occurred in association with an 11.5% reduction in the total number of beds occupied by psychiatric patients, an 8.9% reduction in direct per diem expenditures for psychiatric care nationally, and a 32.7% decline in direct expenditures per episode, after adjustment is made for inflation. In spite of a continuing decline in the value of the available resources, largely due to the effect of inflation, prospective budgeting appears to have had a major impact on the pattern of inpatient psychiatric care in this large health care system.
ISSN:0025-7079
出版商:OVID
年代:1990
数据来源: OVID
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4. |
A Randomized Trial of Veterans Administration Home Care for Severely Disabled Veterans |
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Medical Care,
Volume 28,
Issue 2,
1990,
Page 135-145
Susan Hughes,
Joan Cummings,
Frances Weaver,
Larry Manheim,
Kendon Conrad,
Karen Nash,
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摘要:
This randomized study screened hospital admissions to all wards except Psychiatry and Spinal Cord Injured during a 3-year period to identify 233 severely disabled patients (2 impairments on the Katz Index of ADL) and caregivers who were willing to participate in a pretest-multiple posttest trial of the Hines VA Hospital-based Home Care (HBHC) Program. Patient functional status, morale, and satisfaction with care were measured at baseline, 1 month and 6 months post discharge. Caregiver satisfaction and morale were assessed at the same time periods. All health care services used by both groups were tracked over the 6-month period and converted to cost. Findings include improved 1-month satisfaction with care (p= 0.04) and improved 6-month cognitive functioning (p= 0.04) among HBHC patients and improved 1-month (p= 0.04) and 6-month satisfaction with care (p< 0.01) among their caregivers. A nonsignificant 10% decrease in net cost of care, was found in the treatment group, largely due to lower use of private sector hospital care.
ISSN:0025-7079
出版商:OVID
年代:1990
数据来源: OVID
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5. |
Case-Mix Classification for Emergency Departments |
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Medical Care,
Volume 28,
Issue 2,
1990,
Page 146-158
James Cameron,
Larry Braff,
Rabinder Sekhon,
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摘要:
This study developed a patient classification system for hospital emergency departments. Conducted at three Los Angeles area community hospitals, data collection included coding and abstracting medical records information, patient billing information detailing each patient's utilization of hospital services, and patient-specific provider time measuring each provider's time spent in direct patient care activities. A 20,000 patient sample was derived containing clinical and resource use variables, including physician, emergency department, and ancillary service direct costs. Patient visits were classified into 216 homogeneous groups, or patient clusters, using four types of variables: diagnoses, disposition, age, and physician procedures. The Emergency Department Groups (EDGs) appear to represent a clinically coherent system for classifying emergency department visits; moreover, the groups were found to explain 63% of the overall variance in resource use (total direct cost) suggesting that the EDGs may offer a useful tool for hospital cost control and reimbursement reform.
ISSN:0025-7079
出版商:OVID
年代:1990
数据来源: OVID
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6. |
The Impact of Nurse Anesthetists on Anesthesiologist Productivity |
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Medical Care,
Volume 28,
Issue 2,
1990,
Page 159-169
Jerry Cromwell,
Margo Rosenbach,
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摘要:
The rapid growth in Medicare Part B spending on physicians has sparked a renewed debate on ways of increasing physician productivity. This study concentrates on anesthesiologists, presenting original survey data on the variation in productivity defined in terms of patients, anesthesia hours, base and time units, and revenues. Supervising nurse anesthetists are estimated to raise anesthesiologist productivity by at least 20%, allowing for downtime and scheduling problems. Greater delegation could save society approximately $500 million annually in anesthesiologist costs, even allowing for an increase in nurse anesthetists. Yet, recent manpower trends show a falling nurse-to-anesthesiologist ratio. The failure to achieve substantial gains is ascribed to a flaw in third-party reimbursement that discourages both hospitals and physicians from substituting nurse for anesthesiologist time.
ISSN:0025-7079
出版商:OVID
年代:1990
数据来源: OVID
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7. |
The Influence of Attending Physician Subspecialization on Hospital Length of Stay |
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Medical Care,
Volume 28,
Issue 2,
1990,
Page 170-174
Annette Bernard,
Letitia Shapiro,
Laurence McMahon,
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ISSN:0025-7079
出版商:OVID
年代:1990
数据来源: OVID
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8. |
The Role Related Attitudes of Physicians, Nurses, and Dieticians in the Treatment of Diabetes |
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Medical Care,
Volume 28,
Issue 2,
1990,
Page 175-179
Michael Donnelly,
Robert Anderson,
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PDF (278KB)
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ISSN:0025-7079
出版商:OVID
年代:1990
数据来源: OVID
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9. |
Continuity-of-Care MeasuresRandom Assignment of Patients to Providers and the Impact of Utilization Level |
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Medical Care,
Volume 28,
Issue 2,
1990,
Page 180-190
Erik Eriksson,
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PDF (637KB)
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ISSN:0025-7079
出版商:OVID
年代:1990
数据来源: OVID
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