摘要:

ABSTRACTPecuniary externalities in a two‐region economy are examined from several aspects. The analysis includes fiscal externality, inefficiency of free migration, and inefficiency of autarky non‐wage income sharing. Measures to restore the productive efficiency that is lacking in the multiregion economy with local public goods are discussed. Finally, a new aspect of the interregional allocation of residential activities is analyzed as the economics of multi‐habit

ISSN:1056-8190    

DOI:10.1111/j.1435-5597.1989.tb01178.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThere is a certain optimism among policy makers concerning the ability of producer services, viewed as locationally flexible, to stimulate economic growth in lagging regions. Four issues related to the location of producer services are used to critically examine this notion: (1) observed centralization and decentralisation trends. (2) the influence of corporate ownership and control, (3) intrafirm functional separation, and (4) the impact of telecommunications technology. Producer service growth has not benefited central and peripheral regions equally. The empirical and conceptual evidence presented suggests that these activities have little positive impact upon lagging regions. Some essential elements of a regional strategy involving producer services are proposed.

ISSN:1056-8190    

DOI:10.1111/j.1435-5597.1989.tb01179.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTHazardous facility siting policies have shifted gradually from an exclusive focus on risk mitigation measures to strategies which combine mitigation unit compensation for unavoidable risks. Despite widespread practice among regional and state government entities, such strategies have achieved limited success. We argue that risk sharing through dispersion and downscaling of facilities is a key adjunct to compensation, with the potential to alleviate many stalemates which pervade current siting processes. A prescriptive risk‐sharing model, inspired by a growing number of equity‐oriented siting policies, elucidates the trade‐offs between spatial equity, compensation, and facility costs. We conclude that equity considerations are likely to emerge as a primary criterion in the next generation of siting proc

ISSN:1056-8190    

DOI:10.1111/j.1435-5597.1989.tb01180.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTA neural network, parallel distributed processing model of learning is adapted to represent the self‐organizing urban system. The model is trained on a number of cases representing specific functional stales of the system, and as a result “learns,” by a process of structural evolution, to recognize the general problem defined implicitly by the set of cases, and to solve it. The learning algorithm approach is based on an explicit distinction between the functional and structural organization of the system; questions such as the structural effects of a functional change are thus addressed directly. Specific results show that very simple models can “learn” to wall* transportation infrastructure appropriate for a variety of flow requirements, and then distribute flows in a reasonable manner over th

ISSN:1056-8190    

DOI:10.1111/j.1435-5597.1989.tb01181.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis paper introduces the mechanism of diffusion‐limited aggregation (DLA) as a new basis for understanding urban growth, Through DLA, urban form is related to the processes of rural‐to‐urban migration and contiguous growth. However, despite being bused on very simple principles, DLA simulations are shown to have properties found in most urban areas such as negative density gradients and ordered chaotic structures. The paper examines variations in the simulated urban structures produced by different assumptions regarding the rural‐to‐urban migration mechanism. An important finding is that urban density gradients can occur independently of the generally accepted reasons for their presence. We also comment on boundary effects in the measurement of urban density

ISSN:1056-8190    

DOI:10.1111/j.1435-5597.1989.tb01182.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis study has measured and analytically compared the behavioral residential stresses and the economic consumption disequilibria of 103 households for their single‐family homes in Saskatoon. The first finding was that members of the mover subsample significantly reduced their overall consumption disequilibria by moving in the context of a computer game, but their overall stresses were. unchanged, Second, different sets of home attributes were the sources of either the stresses or the consumption disequilibria of the mover and the inner‐city subsamples. The conclusion was that these two indices measured different indices of a household's satisfaction with its h

ISSN:1056-8190    

DOI:10.1111/j.1435-5597.1989.tb01183.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTTax‐tile data are available for moves between census divisions in Canada on a year‐by‐year basis, and may be the best data source for studying migration flows between censuses. This paper reports the results of filling a series of models to me 1985 to 1986 flows using a form of regression analysis based on the Poisson distribution that is appropriate for count data. These models confirm results well‐known from interprovincial and intermetropolitan migration analysis, but also reveal some more surprising

ISSN:1056-8190    

DOI:10.1111/j.1435-5597.1989.tb01184.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe primary purpose of this paper is to consider and test for various interlinkages between migration flows, and also between migration and employment change. Three types of migration flows are distinguished: domestic in‐migration and out‐migration, and net international migration. The three migration equations are embedded in a model of regional adjustment that also includes regional employment and wage changes as endogenous variables. The data base utilizes Canadian census statistics for 1971 and 1981 in a cross‐section analysis with 183 regions represented by counties, or their equivalents. The empirical performance of the various interlinkages is broadly in line with expectations, but the results raise some important questions about interpret

ISSN:1056-8190    

DOI:10.1111/j.1435-5597.1989.tb01185.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTA positive association between rotes of in‐migration and out‐migration across locations has long been observed. This apparent paradox has usually been attributed to the impact of in‐migration on population composition. We argue here that the intrinsic structure of population dynamics may also induce this effect, and we develop a formal model of this process. Empirical analyses using migration data for stales in the U.S. over 1955‐1960, 1965‐1970, and 1975‐1980 show that the intrinsic mechanism may swamp the compositi

ISSN:1056-8190    

DOI:10.1111/j.1435-5597.1989.tb01186.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis paper extends the neoclassical, Harris‐Todaro model of urban‐rural migration to the case of production uncertainty in the agricultural sector. A unique feature of the Harris‐Todaro model is an exogenously determined minimum wage in the urban sector that exceeds the rural wage. Migration occurs until the rural wage equals the expected urban wage (“expected” due lo employment uncertainly). The effects of a change in the minimum wage upon regional outputs, resource allocation, factor rewards, expected profits, and expected national income are explored, and the influence of production uncertainly upon the obtained results are d

ISSN:1056-8190    

DOI:10.1111/j.1435-5597.1989.tb01187.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY