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11. |
Apelin, the Novel Endogenous Ligand of the Orphan Receptor APJ, Regulates Cardiac Contractility |
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Circulation Research: Journal of the American Heart Association,
Volume 91,
Issue 5,
2002,
Page 434-440
István Szokodi,
Pasi Tavi,
Gábor Földes,
Sari Voutilainen-Myllylä,
Mika Ilves,
Heikki Tokola,
Sampsa Pikkarainen,
Jarkko Piuhola,
Jaana Rysä,
Miklós Tóth,
Heikki Ruskoaho,
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摘要:
Abstract—The orphan receptor APJ and its recently identified endogenous ligand, apelin, exhibit high levels of mRNA expression in the heart. However, the functional importance of apelin in the cardiovascular system is not known. In isolated perfused rat hearts, infusion of apelin (0.01 to 10 nmol/L) induced a dose-dependent positive inotropic effect (EC50: 33.1±1.5 pmol/L). Moreover, preload-induced increase in dP/dtmaxwas significantly augmented (P<0.05) in the presence of apelin. Inhibition of phospholipase C (PLC) with U-73122 and suppression of protein kinase C (PKC) with staurosporine and GF-109203X markedly attenuated the apelin-induced inotropic effect (P<0.001). In addition, zoniporide, a selective inhibitor of Na+-H+exchange (NHE) isoform-1, and KB-R7943, a potent inhibitor of the reverse mode Na+-Ca2+exchange (NCX), significantly suppressed the response to apelin (P<0.001). Perforated patch-clamp recordings showed that apelin did not modulate L-type Ca2+current or voltage-activated K+currents in isolated adult rat ventricular myocytes. Apelin mRNA was markedly downregulated in cultured neonatal rat ventricular myocytes subjected to mechanical stretch and in vivo in two models of chronic ventricular pressure overload. The present study provides the first evidence for the physiological significance of apelin in the heart. Our results show that apelin is one of the most potent endogenous positive inotropic substances yet identified and that the inotropic response to apelin may involve activation of PLC, PKC, and sarcolemmal NHE and NCX.
ISSN:0009-7330
出版商:OVID
年代:2002
数据来源: OVID
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12. |
Interleukin-18/Interleukin-18 Binding Protein Signaling Modulates Ischemia-Induced Neovascularization in Mice Hindlimb |
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Circulation Research: Journal of the American Heart Association,
Volume 91,
Issue 5,
2002,
Page 441-448
Ziad Mallat,
Jean-Sébastien Silvestre,
Sophie Le Ricousse-Roussanne,
Laurence Lecomte-Raclet,
Anne Corbaz,
Michel Clergue,
Micheline Duriez,
Véronique Barateau,
Shizuo Akira,
Alain Tedgui,
Gérard Tobelem,
Yolande Chvatchko,
Bernard Lévy,
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摘要:
Abstract—Identification of factors that may stimulate ischemia-induced neovascularization without increasing atherosclerotic plaque progression is of major therapeutic importance. We hypothesized that interleukin-18 binding protein (IL-18BP), a major antiinflammatory protein with plaque-stabilizing activities, may affect the neovascularization in mice ischemic hindlimb. Ischemia was produced by artery femoral occlusion in mice that were subjected to in vivo intramuscular electrotransfer of either an empty plasmid or a murine IL-18BP plasmid. Angiographic score, capillary density (CD31 staining), and laser Doppler perfusion data at day 28 showed significant improvement in ischemic/nonischemic leg ratio by respectively 1.6-, 1.4-, and 1.5-fold in IL-18BP–treated mice compared with controls (P<0.01). This was associated with a significant 2-fold increase in both vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and phospho-Akt protein content in the ischemic hindlimb of IL-18BP–treated mice (P<0.05). Similar results were obtained in IL-18–deficient mice. Because bone marrow–derived endothelial progenitor cells (BM-EPCs) are involved in postnatal vasculogenesis, EPCs were isolated and cultivated from bone marrow mononuclear cells. IL-18BP treatment led to a significant 1.8-fold increase in the percentage of BM-EPCs characterized as cells positive for both AcLDL-Dil and von Willebrand factor (P<0.001). In conclusion, IL-18BP stimulates ischemia-induced neovascularization in association with an activation of VEGF/Akt signaling and an increase in BM-EPCs mobilization and differentiation. Our findings strongly suggest a major antiangiogenic role of endogenous IL-18 in postischemic injury.
ISSN:0009-7330
出版商:OVID
年代:2002
数据来源: OVID
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