摘要:

A discussion of the origin of the observed matter‐antimatter asymmetry of the universe is presented in the context of the standard cosmological model. Except in the case of the minimal SU(5) theory, it is possible that grandunified theories predict the right order of magnitude for the ratio of baryon to photon number. The question of CP violation is addressed in detail and it is shown that, tied up with symmetry nonrestorationat high temperature, the soft CP violation does remain atT?1015GeV as to lead to the creation of baryon asymmetry in the very early universe.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.32999

出版商:AIP    

年代:1981

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The universe possesses an overt matter‐antimatter asymmetry, quantified as the baryon‐to‐specific entropy ratio,knB/s?10−11±1. An attractive explanation is that this ratio evolved dynamically due toB,C, andCPviolating interactions during a period of non‐equilibrium in the GUP epoch (t&angupr;10−35s). The out‐of‐equililbrium decay scenario is reviewed and detailed numerical results are discussed. A model for the requisite CP violation within the minimal SU(5) theory (one 5 and one 24 representations of Higgs) is presented. Baryosynthesis is discussed in detail for a generic superheavy boson, and a constraint on low energy unification schemes is obtained.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.33002

出版商:AIP    

年代:1981

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

We discuss violation of lepton number, concentrating particularly on the possibliity that global lepton number is a spontaneously broken symmetry. We examine the properties of the associated Goldstone boson, the Majoron, which results from the lepton number breakdown, in models with and without right‐handed neutrinos. Some of the cosmological consequences of the existence of Majorons are also detailed.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.33003

出版商:AIP    

年代:1981

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The present situation concerning experimental constraints on Higgs physics is reviewed. (AIP)

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.33004

出版商:AIP    

年代:1981

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Properties of the axion are briefly reviewed. The axion in its original form (as suggested by Peccei, Quinn, Weinberg and Wilczek) has been ruled out by experimental data. Here I describe a new axion. A new super‐strong interaction is introduced to enhance the mass of the old axion but leaving its couplings to the quarks and leptons intact. Properties of this new force and the resulting axion are discussed.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.33005

出版商:AIP    

年代:1981

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

A brief report on a newly approved experiment at SLAC (E‐137) is presented. The experiment is designed to look for low mass, metastable, neutral, and weakly interacting particles. These particles are pseudoscalars. They could be similar to the classical axions or the technicolor &pgr;°’s.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.33006

出版商:AIP    

年代:1981

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Properties of intermediate vector bosons are given as predicted by QCD, Drell‐Yan, and Weinberg‐Salam. (AIP)

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.33007

出版商:AIP    

年代:1981

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Aspects of neutrino oscillation phenomenology are discussed, including correlations of oscillation averages, a reexamination of solar neutrino oscillations, possible tests for CP violation in the neutrino sector, the results of reactor measurements, future prospects with deep mine experiments, and the possibility of doublet‐singlet neutrino oscillations.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.33008

出版商:AIP    

年代:1981

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

This report will give the results of the Brookhaven solar neutrino experiment that is based upon the neutrino capture reaction,37Cl (&ngr;,e−)37Ar. The experiment was built in 1967 to test the theory of solar energy production, and it is well known that the neutrino capture rate in the detector is lower than that expected from theoretical models of the sun. The results will be compared to the current solar model calculations. One possible explanation of the low solar neutrino capture rate is that the neutrinos oscillate between two or more neutrino states, a topic of particular interest to this conference. We will discuss this question in relation to the37Cl experiment, and to other solar neutrino detectors that are capable of observing the lower energy neutrinos from the sun. A radiochemical solar neutrino detector located deep underground has a very low background and is capable of detecting the monoenergetic neutrinos from megacurie sources of radioisotopes that decay by electron capture. Experiments of this nature will be described that are capable of testing for neutrino oscillations with a &dgr;m2as low as 0.2 eV2if there is maximum mixing between the neutrino states.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.33009

出版商:AIP    

年代:1981

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Neutrinos perhaps best illustrate the close relationship that exists between cosmology and elementary particle physics. Cosmological and astrophysical observations can be used to constrain neutrino properties. The abundance of the4He probably limits the number of light (<1 MeV) neutrino species to be less than or equal to 4. An unstable neutrino with lifetime &agr;m&ngr;−5is restricted to be less massive than &angupr;220 eV or more massive than &angupr;10‐100 MeV. Neutrinos more massive than a few eV have important cosmological consequences: if the sum of neutrino masses ≳3.5 eV the universe is neutrino‐dominated, and if it is ≳100 eV the universe is closed. The role that neutrinos play in the development of structure in the universe (galaxies, clusters, etc.) is also discussed.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.33010

出版商:AIP    

年代:1981

数据来源: AIP