摘要:

The missions planned for the 1990’s will greatly expand our knowledge of close binary systems and the physical phenomena that can be studied in a member of a close binary, from stellar active regions to the highest density black hole candidates known. These sysems and the phenomena are reviewed with reference to major outstanding questions, our expected capability to answer them, and the expansion of capability that would be necessary. A ‘‘super’’ XMM or LAMAR experiment with larger area, but similar moderate energy resolution and moderate spatial resolution, could detect 0.1 millisecond bursts from Cyg X‐1 and 1 millisecond bursts in quiescent black hole candidates, measure Doppler and gravitational energy shifts in the iron line features for black holes and neutron stars. It would also identify these objects in galaxies a few Mpc away and open the way for evolution studies. A somewhat less ambitious goal would be high energy resolution of about the area of LAMAR to make full use of the information in the emission lines in both normal and compact binaries. Much less ambitious with respect to the hardware, but very useful to the astrophysics of these systems would be a melding of a small x‐ray spectroscopy experiment of about the area of BBXRT of AXAF with a UV package like that of IUE.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.39325

出版商:AIP    

年代:1990

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The time development of supernovae are discussed with an emphasis on SN 1987A. The light curves, gamma spectra, shock waves, neutrino bursts, and spectroscopy are also reviewed. Identification, monitoring, and hardware recommendations (particularly those techniques suitable for lunar observations) are also discussed.(AIP)

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.39326

出版商:AIP    

年代:1990

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.39327

出版商:AIP    

年代:1990

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

This paper reviews the information provided by the analysis of low radio frequency observations of H II regions seen in absorption against the Galactic background radiation. Man‐made terrestrial interference and effects of the earth’s atmosphere/ionosphere make the far‐side of the moon the ideal location for such observations. The technique is illustrated by analysis of 30.9 MHz observations of the W51 Giant H II complex.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.39364

出版商:AIP    

年代:1990

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

A brief review of galactic center observations, from the radio to gamma rays, is presented. There is evidence for black holes in the central region of the Galaxy at all wavelengths, but the observations are not unambiguous and a single massive object at the dynamic center may not explain the data at all wavelengths. Requirements for future observations in each wavelength band are developed.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.39328

出版商:AIP    

年代:1990

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Galaxy formation and the origins of the various morphological types of galaxies remain outstanding problems in astrophysics. Detailed study of the stellar populations in Local Group galaxies, using resolved stars, should be possible with lunar‐based, large‐aperture telescopes. This will greatly enhance our understanding of these galaxies. I will also discuss the importance of imaging with high spatial resolution in the UV, and of UV spectroscopy, for the analysis of the stellar populations in elliptical galaxies, and for star formation in environments of very low gas density. The improved wavelength coverage in the near IR (a few microns) and the lower background possible from the moon will allow detailed imaging of the (older?) component of high redshift galaxies that dominates the locally well‐studied rest‐frame optical.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.39329

出版商:AIP    

年代:1990

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

I discuss briefly three areas of research that will be intensively studied over the next two decades that are relevant to astrophysics from the moon: the fundamental plane for active galaxies, the connection of starburst galaxies with AGN and galaxy formation, and the effect of AGN and quasars on galaxy formation and the evolution of the IGM.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.39330

出版商:AIP    

年代:1990

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.39331

出版商:AIP    

年代:1990

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Recent results are reviewed which demonstrate that finding the earliest quasars and galaxies in the universe will require infrared spectroscopy between 1 and 10 microns. Technical limitations on such observations from the Moon are summarized, which depend primarily on background emission from the telescope and the zodiacal dust. Detection of the most distant star forming galaxies will require exceptional background stability for which angular resolution better than about 1 arcsecond is not critical, so a large filled‐aperture telescope of nominal image quality will be adequate. For quasars, detection improves with increasing angular resolution, so the best possible image quality is important, particularly to obtain diffraction limited performance shortward of 3 microns. A summary is given of what could be seen as a function of available telescope aperture.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.39332

出版商:AIP    

年代:1990

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Recent developments concerning the large scale structure of the universe are discussed. All seem to indicate inhomogeneities on much larger scales than previously thought. Specific observations from above the atmosphere can aid in understanding several outstanding questions, like the spatial distribution of various absorbers, the global geometry of the universe, or the nature of large scale velocities over scales considerably larger than currently available.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.39333

出版商:AIP    

年代:1990

数据来源: AIP