摘要:

Gas loaded D/Pd and H/Pd rods (1 mm diameter) were used to investigate correlated thermal and nuclear effects. Simultaneous measurements were made of gas pressure, electric current, voltage drops, rod and chamber temperature, and neutrons. D/Pd and H/Pd ratios were monitored by resistance changes in the rod segments. Two deuterium runs (totaling 3000+ hours), one hydrogen run (nearly 1000 hours), and background runs (nearly 2000 hours) have been completed. two neutron bursts were recorded in the first deuterium experiment. No bursts, but periods of increased activity, were observed in the second deuterium run. No increased activity was observed in the hydrogen experiment. Accurate agreement with Poisson counting statistics was found in the background and hydrogen runs. Neutron bursts observed in the first deuterium run exceeded, by several orders of magnitude, the Poisson prediction. A slight resistance increase in one rod segment was observed during one of the neutron bursts. No simultaneous increase in rod temperature was observed. Several potential triggering mechanisms were tried. Further experiments will examine an observed possible resonance‐like effect.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.40702

出版商:AIP    

年代:1991

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Clear excess neutron counts and corresponding fast neutron spectra were measured in biased‐pulse electrolysis experiments with D2O–Pd cells. 2.45 MeV components by low energy d–d reactions were observed repeatedly. The spectra had sometimes mysterious higher energy components in the 3–6 MeV region, which could only be explained as the byproduct of 3‐body (d–d–d) fusion. The chaotic evolution of excess neutron counts and spectral shifts suggested that the competing process of 2‐body and 3‐body fusion would take place in the 0–2 mm depth of Pd cathode surface region. The hypothetical model of excitation screening effect could qualitatively explain the observed phenomena.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.40703

出版商:AIP    

年代:1991

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Experimental results are presented for neutron emission from cells that used several methods for deuterium loading of Pd and Ti metal samples. Most experiments have given negative results on the level relevant for a 5–6 per cent efficient NE213‐based detection system that has an average background of 0.5 n/m. Positive indications of weak neutron emission have been observed with a set of five Pd‐Ni electrolytic cells that use considerably more Pd than is usually the case. Three of these five cells produced a positive indication in a recent experiment which used a completely different type of neutron detector situated in a deep mine for an environment free of cosmic rays. While the present experiments do not constitute a proof of neutron emission in cold fusion, the evidence for the effect is encouraging. It must be demonstrated that other cells can be constructed that utilize the same type of material, and that the effect can be scaled up to higher levels.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.40704

出版商:AIP    

年代:1991

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

We present a new technique for inducing anomalous nuclear effects in solid systems. The key factor of this method is to place thin film oxides on a surface of deuteron‐loaded palladium (Pd:D) plate. The oxides provide the surface barriers for ionic transport of deuterons. The controlled out‐transport of deuteron atoms then produces D accumulation layers at the Pd surfaces. By using this ‘‘surface‐barrier’’ technique, we have observed gigantic neutron bursts of (1–2×106n/s, explosive gas release, uniform biaxial bending caused by plastic deformation, and excess heat evolution, all at the same time, from oxide/Pd:D/Au systems set in a vacuum chamber. We have also observed the latter three phenomena by applying this method to Pd:H systems having the same heterostructures. This is the first evidence for the fact that the excess heat production is not caused by D–D reactions.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.40705

出版商:AIP    

年代:1991

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Intense bursts of energetic charged particles from deuterium gas loaded thin foils of Ti 662 subject to fairly high D.C. electric currents and non‐equilibrium thermal conditions have been observed. The energies of the particles range from less than 1 MeV to greater than 10 MeV. By observing energy shifts through thin foils of Al, the particles are tentatively identified as tritons,3He, and possibly alpha particles. Control measurements carried out with comparably prepared Ti‐H samples evinced no particle bursts.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.40706

出版商:AIP    

年代:1991

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Thin titanium films have been bombarded with low energy (350–1000 eV) deuterium ions at high current density (0.4 mA/cm2) in an effort to produce fusion reactions at ambient temperatures. A silicon particle detector was used to observe possible reaction products. Evidence for nuclear reactions occurring at a rate of at least 10−16events/deuteron pair/s is presented.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.40707

出版商:AIP    

年代:1991

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The detection system developed at Brigham Young University for charged‐particle studies is reported. (AIP)

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.40708

出版商:AIP    

年代:1991

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

It is suggested to detect the precursor of the ‘‘cold fusion’’ phenomenon in deuterium/solid systems, in order to solve the problem of reproducibility. The results of the first step of the experiment are discussed. Electromagnetic radiation and energetic charged particles have been detected. It is shown that the surface condition has important impact on this phenomenon.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.40710

出版商:AIP    

年代:1991

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Motivated by reports by Fleischmann and Pons and also Joneset al. of nuclear fusion occurring at room temperature, we attempted to look for charged particle reaction products from d‐d fusion in a deuterated palladium thin film. A silicon nitride encapsulated palladium thin film (340 nanometers thick and one square centimeter in area) was fabricated on top of a semiconductor particle detector and implanted with an 80 keV D2+beam. The purpose of the nitride cap was to prevent deuterium from diffusing out or from being sputtered away during implantation. The detector temperature was maintained below 200 K in order to reduce pressure on the cap. During the first run of this experiment, after the ion implanter had been turned off, apparent charged particle pulses as well as bursts of activity in two nearby Geiger counters were observed with the film loaded to a nominal 150% deuterium‐to‐palladium ratio and a 1.3% does of6Li. No spectrum was obtained because of equipment malfunction. In a second run no apparent charged particles pulses were observed, but a record of the neutron flux due to induced fusion during implantation suggested that the nitride cap had failed. More experimental runs are expected in the near future.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.40729

出版商:AIP    

年代:1991

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Charged‐particle detection is one of the most sensitive methods to find the evidence of possible cold nuclear fusion. Using the pulsed electrolysis method, we have increased its sensitivity further and tried to detect weaker reactions of cold nuclear fusion. Charged particles were detected by a silicon surface‐barrier detector. The detector was set under the bottom of an electrolysis cell and closely to a thin palladium‐foil cathode. The electrolysis current of the D2O cell was intermitted at regular intervals of about several hours. The foreground (with electrolysis) and background (without electrolysis) were measured alternately. The data at the same phase of the electrolysis current were put together, so that the effect of the background radiation were reduced and the signal‐to‐noise ratio was improved. The experimental results of counting rates and the energy spectrum indicate that some kinds of nuclear reaction occurred in the cathode.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.40665

出版商:AIP    

年代:1991

数据来源: AIP