摘要:

The aims of this paper are twofold; one is to introduce a notion of dyadic time modeled by a Q-loop, which is a generalization of groups, and the other is to define and study dyadic systems, which evolve as dyadic time flows. In the study of dyadic systems the connections between deterministic and stochastic systems are clarified in terms of their evolution operators. Harmonizability and Gibbs differentiability of weakly stationary processes are also studied and applied to linear Gibbs differential equations in order to solve and express their explicit solutions. It is also exhibited that a Walsh harmonizable dyadic stationary process with a spectral density is a dyadic linear process andvice versa. ©1999 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.58269

出版商:AIP    

年代:1999

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

In the present paper we consider a simple model of stochastic systems, which include basic systems of quantum physics. In the framework of this model we demonstrate the Boltzman entropy, second law of thermodynamics and Gibbs theorem as classical achievements on one side, and several possible entropies of the Shannon theory, and their relations to the Boltzman entropy on the other side. We introduce an information transmission in the systems under consideration, define the Shannon information in a variable about the system state, and formulate the concept of information capacity of a system. We explicitly evaluate the capacity of a system governed by the Bose–Einstein law (a boson channel) and that governed by the Fermi–Dirac law (a fermion channel). ©1999 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.58272

出版商:AIP    

年代:1999

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Examples of nonequilibrium noise-induced phase transitions of the second kind in nonlinear oscillators are considered. These transitions reveal themselves in the excitation of relatively ordered oscillations under influence of noise, multiplicative or additive, or a combination of both. ©1999 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.58251

出版商:AIP    

年代:1999

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

This paper deals with computational derivation of the Klein-Gordon quantum relativist equation and the Schro¨dinger quantum equation with forward and backward space-time shifts. The first part introduces forward and backward derivatives for discrete and continuous systems. Generalized complex discrete and continuous derivatives are deduced. In the second part, we apply these forward and backward derivatives to the harmonic oscillator. The third part deduces the Klein-Gordon equation from the space-time complex continuous derivatives. These derivatives take into account forward-backward space-time shifts related to a phase velocity u. Without time shift, the Schro¨dinger equation is deduced in part four. This quantum equation is interpreted as a Burgers fluid with a complex momentum in relation to the Bohm-Hiley quantum potential concept. Finally a time-dependent Schro¨dinger equation for a free particle in a constant potential is simulated. The quantum particle looks like an oscillator with two frequencies. ©1999 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.58252

出版商:AIP    

年代:1999

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The paper sketches how the notion of active information has arisen from the quantum theory and then briefly discusses the relevance of this notion to current debates in consciousness studies (“the hard problem” of consciousness) and cognitive science (“the dynamical approach” to cognition). ©1999 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.58253

出版商:AIP    

年代:1999

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Experimental evidence on the widely different scales of the muon, nanometers, the human body, kilometers, and spiral galaxies is cited in confirmation of the easily theoretical prediction that 4 dimensional geodesics are a consequence of quantum holography for describing the behavior i.e. the invariant pathcurves, of objects. A quite independent theoretical derivation is quoted that predicts that general relativity holds on all macroscopic scales, i.e. in a context of the physics of Galileo and Newton, in further support, and where analysis of the known data in respect of the matter distribution in spiral galaxies, and the theory, correspond to a Universe in which matter has a self-similar or fractal distribution of dimension 2, exactly as is the case for quantum mechanics. ©1999 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.58254

出版商:AIP    

年代:1999

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

We study forms that grow in cellular automata. The algorithm that is proposed can have relevance in order to obtain representations useful for cognitive systems that model growth. Also, it may shed light on processes in external reality itself, such as on the interplay between indeterminism and structure, and on non-reductionist growth. At every time step, the algorithm adds a single cell to a form. The selection of the new cell occurs in accordance with an amplitude function. Like in quantum theory, an amplitude is accompanied by a phase, and phase differences can generate constructive and destructive interference. These phenomena can control, among others, the degree of branching that occurs in a form, and they can constrain the places where points are added when cycles of growth follow one another. The phase variable is a temporal variable; the amplitude in a cell depends on the extent to which a small template can be locally recognized in the form and on the local density. During a cycle of growth, different elementary templates may be used successively, and different cycles may follow one another. The process of growth can be constrained by affine transformations such as the scalings and symmetries that are familiar from IFS fractals. If the density of a form or part of it on a global scale is allowed to influence the type of indeterminism on the local scale, one obtains a non-reductionist dynamics that can be illustrated in visually appealing ways. The relevance of the present methods for computer generated art is pointed out and some general problems in complexity are addressed. ©1999 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.58255

出版商:AIP    

年代:1999

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The paper, after a brief discussion about the generality of the inverse kinematic problem in robotics, shows the application of three new techniques of inversion: a novel numerical approach and two methods exploiting soft computing principles (Neural Network and Fuzzy Logic). ©1999 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.58273

出版商:AIP    

年代:1999

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

This paper presents new integrated approach to the control design of SISO systems with constrained input. It is based on generalisation of several well approved control concepts: Of the bang-bang” minimum time control [1,4,16,18], of the linear pole assignment control [2,5], of the Smith predictor [18], of the controller tuning corresponding to a double real closed loop pole by Oldenbourg and Sartorius [15] and that of the process reaction curve approximation by Ziegler and Nichols [20]. All these up to now separately treated techniques are integrated into unique approach and shown to represent its special limit solutions. The new concept is built up on introduction of dynamical classes of minimum time pole assignment (MTPA) control, corresponding to the well known Feldbaums theorem [4] about n-interval of optimal control. All possible control structures are classified according to the number of intervals in their control sequences. ©1999 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.58274

出版商:AIP    

年代:1999

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Recent investigations in robot mechanics at Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica per l’Energetica of the University of Naples Federico II (D.I.M.E.) are here reported. In general, the aim of these investigations is to obtain trajectories and paths from the end effector of a robot with the highest possible accuracy. In particular, these investigations consider the influence of circumferential backlash and transmission elasticity on the accuracy of a trajectory, and the possibility of obtaining more accurate paths via optimum positioning and orientation of the paths in the work space. The investigations were carried out both through simulation and experimentally; the simulations were performed using the ADAMS and Matlab-Simulink computer programs while the experiments involved use of an industrial robot and a prototype designed and built at D.I.M.E. ©1999 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.58275

出版商:AIP    

年代:1999

数据来源: AIP