摘要:

Several calorimetric measurements on electrolysis processes for monitoring the ‘‘cold fusion’’ event are represented in this work. A Calvet microcalorimeter with its auxiliaries such as amplifier, recorder, computer etc. was used here for measuring the output power generated during these processes. And at the same time, the total electric input power was recorded for comparing with differences between the out power (or the power measured by the calorimeter) and the electric power minus the equivalent of the D2O (or H2O) formation enthalpy (1.54 (voltage) x I (current)) continuously. After a period of cell operation, over about two weeks, a steady production of ‘‘Excess Heat’’ could be demonstrated on the recordings. In particular, there are sporadic power ‘‘excursions’’ or ‘‘burst’’ monitored in uncertain time. There results could not incontestably show that the cold fusion event has been monitored. Because, at the same time, the neutrons, tritiums, and other particles produced during the processes had not been found out by some types of films being able to detect different kinds of particles yet.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.40676

出版商:AIP    

年代:1991

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Coulomb screening, in conjunction with a particle velocity distribution, enhances the rate of P‐Dfusion at extremely low temperature (≊1 eV). Therefore, this process will be much more significant in various geophysical and astrophysical situations than hitherto believed. As a particular case, we demonstrate, given an appropriately strong screening potential, thatp–Dfusion may provide a significant portion of the excess heat radiated by Jupiter.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.40677

出版商:AIP    

年代:1991

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

We study nuclear fusion occurring according to conventional wisdom in the planet Jupiter. In particular, we consider if in a standard evolutionary model of Jupiter a significant part of Jupiter’s luminosity has been due to nuclear fusion at any time during its evolution. Nuclear rate equations in dense matter allowing for screening and pressure effects have been integrated in time.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.40678

出版商:AIP    

年代:1991

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

It is proposed that the core of the Earth where metal hydrides are subject to high pressure and temperature conditions is a suitable site for ‘‘cold‐nuclear’’ fusion to proceed. This is compatible with recent experimental evidence, that shows that low levels of cold‐nuclear fusion may take place in hydrides, that hydrogen is soluble in iron at high pressures, and in some models up to 0.4% by weight of the core of the Earth may be hydrogen. If it is assumed that3He is produced within the Earth by cold‐nuclear fusion, and production and escape to the atmosphere has attained steady‐state, the terrestrial fusion rate &lgr;fis between 0.3×10−25to 4.4×10−25fusions per second, per deuteron. In contrast to terrestrial radiogenic heat production, cold‐nuclear fusion can produce only 10−5of the observed terrestrial heat flow.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.40679

出版商:AIP    

年代:1991

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Evidence that p‐d or d‐d fusion could be occurring in the earth stimulated the original laboratory search for cold fusion. That evidence is reviewed here. It is found that the geologic ratio of heat to3He is too high to be explained by the usually accepted fusion processes. Laboratory evidence indicates that fusion can be made to occur in processes of fracture and high strain rate similar to earth processes. An extension of the Oppenheimer‐Phillips theory of neutron tunneling advanced to illustrate alternate fusion paths which could explain the high heat/3He ratio. The search for fusion as a source for additional heat and non‐primordial3He is further stimulated by recent data and analysis indicating that radioactivity can supply less than five percent of the earth’s heat budget. Evidence of deep convection suggests that primordial3He should have been lost in early earth formation and in ongoing outgassing. In this paper, only surface‐related (seawater) deuterium is considered.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.40680

出版商:AIP    

年代:1991

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The following paper examines the possibility of using hot springs to demonstrate that cold nuclear fusion is occurring within the mantle of the earth. Both stable and unstable isotope analysis are discussed.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.40682

出版商:AIP    

年代:1991

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

We calculate the equilibrium configurations of a system of deuterium atoms absorbed in palladium. The interaction potential energy is taken as a sum of pair functionals including non‐additive effects, which are crucial for this case. We conclude from our calculations that the most probable configuration for the deuterium in the &bgr;‐phase of PdD involves at least a partial occupation of the tetrahedral sites of the fcc palladium unit cell.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.40683

出版商:AIP    

年代:1991

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The TRM has recently been successful in fitting calorimetric data having interesting nonlinear structure. The model appears to provide a natural description for electrolytic cold fusion in terms of ‘‘fractals’’. Extended to the time dimension, the model can apparently account for the phenomenon of heat ‘‘bursts’’. The TRM combines a transmission condition involving quantized energies and an engergy shift of a Maxwell‐Boltzmann energy distribution of deuterons at the cathodic surface that appears related to the concentration overpotential (hydrogen overvoltage). The model suggest three possible regimes vis‐a‐vis tritium production in terms of this energy shift, and indicates why measurable tritium production in the electrolytic case will tend to be the exception rather than the rule in absence of a recipe: Below a shift of approximately 2.8 meV there is production of both tritium and measureable excess heat, with the possibility of accounting for the Bockris curve indicating about a 1% correlation between excess heat and tritium. However, over the large range from about 2.8 meV to 340 meV energy shift there is a regime of observable excess heat production but little, and probably no measurable, tritium production. The third regime is more hypothetical: It begins at an energy shift of about 1 keV and extends to the boundaries of ‘‘hot’’ fusion at about 10 keV. A new type of nucelar reaction, trint (for transmission resonance‐induced neutron transfer), is suggested by the model leading to triton and neutron production.A charge distribution ‘‘polarization conjecture’’ is the basis for theoretical derivation for the low‐energy limit for an energy‐dependent branching ratio for D‐on‐D. When the values of the parameters are inserted, this expression yields an estimate for the ratio of neutron‐to‐triton production of about 1.64×10−9. The possibility of some three‐body reactions is also suggested. A comparison of the TRM’s transmission energy levels for palladium deuteride and titanium deuteride is interesting when compared to recent data on neutron emission by Zelenskii. Theoretical work relating the TRM to stoichiometric considerations appear to enhance the significance of this hypothetical model.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.40684

出版商:AIP    

年代:1991

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

It is shown that thebinuclear heliumlike atom(D+D+)2e−, where the D+−D+nuclear separation is of the order of 0.5a0(a0being the Bohr radius) and the electron configuration resembles that of the helium atom, is a metastable configuration which can be formed by overcoming an energy barrier of the order of 2E0(−E0being the hydrogen ground‐state electronic energy). Since the temperature conditions allowing the binuclear heliumlike atoms to be formed are obtained during the implantation of heavy clusters into deuterated targets, (D+D+)2e−seems the natural candidate to explain thewarm fusionevents observed during the impact of heavy water clusters onto titanium deuteride. The hypothesis that (D+D+)2e−is the fusing species in othercold fusionphenomena (electrolytic fusion, fusion induced by a thermodynamic instability, and chemofusion) is discussed.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.40685

出版商:AIP    

年代:1991

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Assumptions, predictions and experimental status of fracto‐acceleration model of cold nuclear fusion are discussed.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.40686

出版商:AIP    

年代:1991

数据来源: AIP