摘要:

The relation of acceleration gradient with RF frequency is examined, and approximate general RF power requirements are derived. Considerations of efficiency and cost are discussed. RF Sources, presented at the conference, are reviewed. Overall efficiencies of the linear collider proposals are compared. ©1995 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.48403

出版商:AIP    

年代:1995

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Future TeV linear colliders will require electron sources with GHz frequency ranges and MWatt power sources. Problems caused by the specific features of such RF accelerating structures are discussed. Breakdown limits of klystrons and gyroklystrons are discussed. A study of a fourth harmonic, three‐cavity gyroklystron at 34 GHz is discussed. (AIP)

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.48398

出版商:AIP    

年代:1995

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Investigations are being performed on a high current (16 kA), mildly relativistic (400 kV), L‐band klystron source. Experiments are in an early stage, and thus far have progressed to beam modulation studies. This paper discusses general klystron design considerations, beam propagation results, initial modulation results, and various extraction techniques being considered. ©1995 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.48412

出版商:AIP    

年代:1995

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

This paper describes the experimental development of a long pulse, high current, annular beam relativistic klystron amplifier. The desired performance parameters are 1 GW output power and 1 &mgr;s pulse length with an operating frequency of 1.3 GHz. The electron beam voltage and current are nominally 600 kV and 5 kA. Peak powers approaching 500 MW have been achieved in pulses of 1 &mgr;s nominal baseline‐to‐baseline duration. The half power pulse width is 0.5 &mgr;s. These pulses contain an energy of about 160 J. The design of this class of tube presents some unique challenges, particularly in the output cavity. The output cavity must exhibit a very low gap shunt impedance in order to obtain reasonable conversion efficiency from the low impedance modulated electron beam to microwave power, while still maintaining a reasonable loaded Q for mode purity. The physics of this device is dominated by space charge effects which strongly impact the design. Current experimental results and theoretical design considerations for this class of tube, and scaling to higher frequency operation, suitable for the Next Linear Collider are discussed. ©1995 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.48422

出版商:AIP    

年代:1995

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

As part of an international collaboration, the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) klystron group has designed, fabricated, and tested a 60‐Hz, 3‐&mgr;s, 150‐MW S‐band klystron built for Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY). A test diode with a 535‐kV, 700‐A electron beam was constructed to verify the gun operation. The first klystron was built and successfully met design specifications. The 375‐MW electron beam represents a new record for SLAC accelerator klystrons in terms of voltage, current, energy, and ruggedness of design. The rf output power is a 150% increase over the S‐band tubes currently used in the two‐mile‐long linear accelerator at SLAC. This paper discusses design issues and experimental results of the diode and klystron. ©1995 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.48425

出版商:AIP    

年代:1995

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The B‐Factory is a future plan, requiring an energy upgrade of the KEK linac from 2.5 GeV to 8.0 GeV (KEKB Project). This paper describes the recent development of an S‐band high‐power pulse klystron to be used as the PF‐linac rf‐source of the B‐Factory. This tube is a modified version of the existing 30‐MW tube, which produces 51 MW at a 310 kV beam voltage by optimizing the focusing magnetic field. In order to increase the reliability, the cathode diameter, the gun housing, and the insulation ceramic‐seal were enlarged. This tube was redesigned so as to have the same characteristics as the test results of 30‐MW tubes at a higher applied voltage without changing the rf interaction region. Four prototype tubes have been manufactured; final test results showed that these new tubes produce an output power of more than 50 MW at 310 kV with an efficiency of 46%. Recently this tube has produced more than 60 MW at a 350 kV beam voltage for a demonstration test. A comparison between the FCI‐code prediction and the test results is also given in this paper. ©1995 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.48426

出版商:AIP    

年代:1995

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

This paper describes the design and performance of the XL‐1 klystron; a 50‐MW klystron operating at a frequency of 11.424 GHz for use on the SLAC Next Linear Collider Test Accelerator (NLCTA). We discuss the problems associated with the development of high‐power rf sources for NLC, and the solutions implemented on XL‐1. ©1995 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.48427

出版商:AIP    

年代:1995

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

We have developed algorithms for designing disk‐loaded traveling‐wave output structures for X‐band klystrons to be used in the SLAC NLC. We use either a four‐ or five‐cell structure in a &pgr;/2 mode. The disk radii are tapered to produce an approximately constant gradient. The matching calculation is not performed on the tapered structure, but rather on a coupler whose input and output cells are the same as the final cell of the tapered structure, and whose interior cells are the same as the penultimate cell in the tapered structure. 2‐D calculations using CONDOR model the waveguide as a radial transmission line of adjustable impedance. 3‐D calculations with MAFIA model the actual rectangular waveguide and coupling slot. A good match is obtained by adjusting the impedance of the final cell. In 3‐D, this requires varying both the radius of the cell and the width of the aperture. When the output cell with the best match is inserted in the tapered structure, we obtain excellent cold‐test agreement between the 2‐D and 3‐D models. We use hot‐test simulations with CONDOR to design a structure with maximum efficiency and minimum surface fields. We have designed circuits at 11.424 Ghz for different perveances. At 440 kV, microperveance 1.2, we calculated 81 MW, 53 percent efficiency, with peak surface field 76 MV/m. A microperveance 0.6 design was done using a PPM stack for focusing. At 470 kV, 193 amps, we calculated 58.7 MW, 64.7 percent efficiency, peak surface field 62.3 MV/m. At 500 kV, 212 amps, we calculated 67.1 MW, 63.3 percent efficiency, peak surface field 66.0 MV/m. ©1995 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.48391

出版商:AIP    

年代:1995

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Cost estimates and a production time table for the Next Linear Collider (NLC) at the Stanford Linear Collider Center is discussed. The testing of two prototype klystrons is presented. (AIP)

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.48392

出版商:AIP    

年代:1995

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Since 1988, R&D of the X‐band klystron in KEK has been carried out, and in this R&D program the two types of the X‐band klystrons has been designed and tested (REF‐1,2,3). The first one is the 30MW class klystron named XB‐50k. This rather moderate peak power klystron was designed as the first step to the 100MW class klystron, and in 1992, could achieve 26MW peak power successfully. This XB‐50k♯1a had supplied the RF power to the first X‐band accelerating structure high power test in autumn of 1992. The second klystron named XB‐72k in this R&D program, was designed as the first 100MW class klystron which could fulfill the minimum power requirement for the RF power source of the X‐band linac in the next generation of several hundreds GeV electron positron linear colliders. The first XB‐72k♯1 was tested in 1992 and 1993, and successfully achieved the peak spring and also achieved 95MW. In order to verify the technological feasibility of the conventional klystron power system as the possible candidate of the future X‐band linear collider, the prototype RF power system including the RF pulse compression scheme and the modulator is discussed. ©1995 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.48430

出版商:AIP    

年代:1995

数据来源: AIP