摘要:

Space light-emitting diode (LED) technology has provided medicine with a new tool capable of delivering light deep into tissues of the body, at wavelengths which are biologically optimal for cancer treatment and wound healing. This LED technology has already flown on Space Shuttle missions, and shows promise for wound healing applications of benefit to Space Station astronauts. ©1999 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.57600

出版商:AIP    

年代:1999

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The International Space Station (ISS) is being designed and constructed to support the investigational needs of a wide range of research disciplines: Microgravity; Life Sciences; Earth and Space Sciences; Commercialization; and Engineering Research and Technology. In addition to the payloads being developed for specific, targeted research investigations, there are also a number of multi-user/facility class payloads being developed which will be capable of supporting a wide range of investigators and their investigations. One of the challenges for the ISS Program is integrating the research needs, payloads and facilities of these research disciplines into a cohesive research program which will optimize the research potential of the ISS. The Research Mission Management Office will be responsible for ensuring that the research priorities are determined and reflected in the execution of the research on the ISS. ©1999 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.57571

出版商:AIP    

年代:1999

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The International Space Station (ISS) is a low Earth orbiting facility for conducting research in life science, microgravity, Earth observations, and Engineering Research and Technology. Assembled on-orbit at a nominal altitude of 220 nautical miles, it will provide a shirt-sleeve environment for conducting research in six laboratories: the US Laboratory (US Lab), the Japanese Experiment Module (JEM), the European Columbus Orbiting Facility (COF), the Centrifuge Accommodations Module (CAM), and the Russian Research Modules. Supplies will be replenished using the Multi-Purpose Pressurized Logistics Module (MPLM), a conditioned pressurized transport carrier which will also return passive and perishable payload cargo to earth. External Earth observations can be performed by utilizing the payload attachment points on the truss, the Russian Science Power Platform, the JEM Exposed Facility (EF), and the COF backporch. The pressurized and external locations are equipped with a variety of electrical, avionics, fluids, and gas interfaces to support the experiments. ISS solar arrays, thermal radiators, communication system, propulsion, environmental control, and robotic devices provide the infrastructure to support sustained research. This paper, which reflects the design maturity of payload accommodations at the time of its submittal (10/20/98), is primarily based on the assembly complete configuration of the station. As the design matures, ISS Payload Accommodations will be updated to reflect qualification tests of components and associated analyses of the integrated performance. ©1999 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.57678

出版商:AIP    

年代:1999

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The International Space Station is being designed as a research platform for science to be conducted inside the pressurized volume and also to conduct science with experiments attached to the structure externally. This paper describes the various accommodations for the conduct of external science and the facilities available for the deployment and servicing of external payloads. The paper also addresses the plans for monitoring the external environment of the Space Station in support of external science objectives. ©1999 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.57679

出版商:AIP    

年代:1999

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

This paper contains a general description of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Space Station Payloads Office (SSPO) integration process for International Space Station (ISS) payloads. The end-to-end process described herein covers the strategic, tactical, execute preparation, real-time operations and post-flight phases of payload integration. Challenges that complicate the development of an integration process include the combination of the on-orbit and transportation integration activities, inclusion of the International Partner (IP) launch vehicles and accommodations, and the requirement to integrate these activities across different organizations and field centers. The paper describes the necessary agreements, plans, documents and reviews required to integrate and operate payloads into standard payload locations. It also summarizes the Program boards, panels and points of contact that a Payload Developer (PD) will participate in or interface with during the course of the process. The purpose is to provide potential PDs with an outline of the SSPO processes to deliver payloads to orbit, conduct science experiments on orbit and return them to Earth. ©1999 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.57595

出版商:AIP    

年代:1999

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The objective of this paper is to provide future International Space Station (ISS) scientists and/or engineers with a feel for ISS payload operations by presenting a real-time scenario. This scenario begins at the initiation of payload operations and runs through immediate post-run experiment analysis. In developing this scenario, it is assumed that the ISS payload operations flight and ground capabilities are fully available for use by the payload user community. Emphasis is placed on telescience operations whose main objective is to enable researchers to utilize experiment hardware onboard the International Space Station as if it were located in their terrestrial laboratory. An overview of the Payload Operations Integration Center (POIC) systems and user ground system options is included to provide an understanding of the systems and interfaces available to perform payload operations. Detailed information regarding POIC capabilities can be found in the POIC Capabilities Document, SSP 50304. ©1999 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.57608

出版商:AIP    

年代:1999

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The Guidance, Navigation, and Control (GN&C) function on the International Space Station (ISS) determines navigation parameters (state vector, attitude, angular rate, pointing data, time), maintains Station attitude (non propulsively as a rule but propulsively when necessary), executes translation and reboost maneuvers, and supports microgravity experiments by limiting accelerations. The accuracies to which GN&C is to perform its functions are summarized, and then the expected performance of the current GN&C design is described, including pointing accuracy. Attitude bounds are illustrated as a function of calendar date given the current (Revision D) station assembly sequence and schedule. ©1999 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.57616

出版商:AIP    

年代:1999

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The primary objective of the International Space Station (ISS) program is to provide a platform for scientific experiments in low Earth orbit. The ISS external contamination environment is critical to the capabilities of Space Station payloads, as well as the performance of contamination sensitive surfaces on the vehicle. This paper focuses on the ISS external contamination environment, outlining the external contamination control requirements and summarizing the methodology and procedures to ensure the delivery of the specified environment to Space Station payloads. ©1999 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.57624

出版商:AIP    

年代:1999

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The first elements of the International Space Station (ISS) will soon be launched into space and over the next few years ISS will be assembled on orbit into its final configuration. Experiments will be performed on a continuous basis both inside and outside the station. External experiments will be mounted on attached payload locations specifically designed to accommodate experiments, provide data and supply power from ISS. From the beginning of the space station program it has been recognized that experiments will require knowledge of the external local environment which can affect the science being performed and may impact lifetime and operations of the experiment hardware. Recently an effort was initiated to design and develop an Environment Monitoring Package (EMP). This paper describes the derivation of the requirements for the EMP package, the type of measurements that the EMP will make and types of instruments which will be employed to make these measurements. ©1999 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.57632

出版商:AIP    

年代:1999

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

One of the defining features of the International Space Station (ISS) is its capacity to accommodate long-term science in the external environment of space. The large truss structure spanning the vehicle is designed to support core system equipment such as solar arrays, thermal radiators, and the pressurized module structures. In addition to supporting core systems, the truss structure also accommodates four attached payload facilities and two logistics carriers. This paper focuses on the capabilities of the ISS in accommodating externally attached science payloads, defines the locations where experiments can be conducted, explains the environment wherein typical experiments will be performed, and identifies the payload interfaces and access to resources such as power and data. The paper will also summarize the robotic accommodations which will support attached payloads and describes typical procedures for installation of the payloads onto the sites. Finally, the paper will provide a summary description of the attach sites on the NASDA Exposed Facility and the potential for use of alternative attach sites on the ISS. ©1999 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.57642

出版商:AIP    

年代:1999

数据来源: AIP