摘要:

A general introduction to high Speed data acquisition system techniques in modern particle physics experiments is given. Examples are drawn from the SELEX(E781) high statistics charmed baryon production and decay experiment now taking data at Fermilab. ©1998 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.55064

出版商:AIP    

年代:1998

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

In this review the basic interaction mechanisms of charged and neutral particles are presented. The ionization energy loss of charged particles is fundamental to most particle detectors and is therefore described in more detail. The production of electromagnetic radiation in various spectral ranges leads to the detection of charged particles in scintillation, Cherenkov and transition radiation counters. Photons are measured via the photoelectric effect, Compton scattering or pair production, and neutrons through their nuclear interactions. A combination of the various detector methods helps to identify elementary particles and nuclei. At high energies absorption techniques in calorimeters provide additional particle identification and an accurate energy measurement. ©1998 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.55048

出版商:AIP    

年代:1998

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Some thoughts are presented on the development of detector systems for future high energy physics experiments. These systems must be able to achieve simultaneous, reliable, high-efficiency identification and measurement of all objects that make up an “event.” This will require a world-wide collaborative effort, an active research and development program, and an upgrade of challenging running experiments. (AIP)

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.55068

出版商:AIP    

年代:1998

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

This article represents a series of three lectures describing topics needed to understand the design of typical gaseous wire detectors used in large high energy physics experiments; including the electrostatic design, drift of electrons in the electric and magnetic field, the avalanche, signal creation, limits on the position accuracy as well as some problems one encounters in practical operations. Reader should also refer to Ref. 1–4. ©1998 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.55070

出版商:AIP    

年代:1998

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

This paper is on the operation principles of the Visible Light Photon Counters (VLPCs), application to high luminosity-high multiplicity tracking for High Energy Charged Particle Physics, and application to Medical Imaging and Particle Astrophysics. The VLPCs as Solid State Photomultipliers (SSPMs) with high quantum efficiency can detect down to single photons very efficiently with excellent time resolution and high avalanche gains. ©1998 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.55049

出版商:AIP    

年代:1998

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.55050

出版商:AIP    

年代:1998

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

There is ample observational evidence that the Universe is dominated by dark matter that does not radiate or absorb electromagnetic energy at any observed wavelength. Somewhat more tenuous arguments require that the majority of this dark matter does not consist of baryons. The nature of the “non-baryonic dark matter” is unknown, but one conjecture is that it consists of WIMPs, or Weakly Interacting Massive Particles, with the favored candidate being the lightest supersymmetric particle, the neutralino, with a mass somewhere between 1–1000 GeV. Given a mass, the density and velocity are constrained by astrophysical observations, so it becomes reasonable to attempt direct detection of the particles. The primary interaction with matter is expected to be elastic scattering from nuclei, and one detection approach is to measure the recoil energy of the nucleus by the increase in detector temperature that it produces. This is practical in detectors with masses of hundreds of grams operated at millikelvin temperatures, and at least four major efforts along these lines are well under way. ©1998 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.55051

出版商:AIP    

年代:1998

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Various types of neutrino detectors are reviewed. They are classified as radiochemical detectors, liquid scintillation detectors, water Cherenkov detectors, detectors for neutrino experiments at high-energy accelerators, and other types of detectors. Epoch-making experiments in neutrino physics achieved with each types of the detectors are also mentioned. ©1998 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.55071

出版商:AIP    

年代:1998

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

This experiment demonstrates detection of cosmic ray tracks by using scintillating fiber planes and multi-anode photomultipliers (MA-PMTs). In a laboratory like this, cosmic rays provide a natural source of high-energy charged particles which can be detected with high efficiency and with nanosecond time resolution. ©1998 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.55052

出版商:AIP    

年代:1998

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.55053

出版商:AIP    

年代:1998

数据来源: AIP