摘要:

©2001 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.1435182

出版商:AIP    

年代:1901

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Since 1994, HIMAC in NIRS has carried out the clinical trial of cancer treatments using carbon beams. Total number of patients has reached to a thousand. Since 1983, University of Tsukuba carried out cancer treatments of about 600 patients with proton beams in KEK. Based on the successful results, new construction of proton therapy facility has just completed in the own university. Hyogo prefecture has also completed the construction of both proton and carbon therapy facility, based on the results of both HIMAC and Tsukuba facility. Another proton therapy facility in Shizuoka Cancer Center is now under construction. All of these are of synchrotron systems. The only one proton therapy facility of cyclotron system started the clinical trial at the National Cancer Center (Kashiwa) at the end of 1998. So far about 50 patients were treated successfully. In this paper, firstly the results from HIMAC using carbon beams and then status of the other therapy facilities will be presented. ©2001 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.1435183

出版商:AIP    

年代:1901

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

PSI has gained in the last few years the unique experience of using a proton therapy system based on a beam scanning delivery technique and on a compact gantry. This knowledge is now bringing forth new initiatives. We are continuously producing significant modifications and improvements to the present system, gantry 1. The major new step is however the decision of PSI to purchase a dedicated accelerator for the medical project. In the context of the expansion of the medical project of PSI (project PROSCAN) we have also started to plan the realisation of a second proton gantry, gantry 2. In this lecture we present the main ideas for the novel gantry, which will be based on one hand on the experience with the present technology, but on the other hand should be designed as a system more open to further developments and needs. The established and the future requirements for the beam delivery on the new gantry were routed into the specification list for the dedicated accelerator. ©2001 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.1435184

出版商:AIP    

年代:1901

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

©2001 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.1435185

出版商:AIP    

年代:1901

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Adequate radiation shielding is vital to the safe operation of modern commercial medical cyclotrons producing large yields of short-lived radioisotopes. The radiological shielding constitutes a significant capital investment for any new cyclotron-based radioisotope production facility; hence, the shielding design requires an accurate cost-benefit analysis often based on a complex multi-variant optimization technique. This paper demonstrates the application of a Genetic Algorithm (GA) for the optimum design of the high yield target cave of a Medical Cyclotron radioisotope production facility based in Sydney, Australia. The GA is a novel optimization technique that mimics the Darwinian Evolution paradigm and is ideally suited to search for global optima in a large multi-dimensional solution space. ©2001 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.1435186

出版商:AIP    

年代:1901

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

At the “Radiochemistry Laboratory” of Accelerators and Applied Superconductivity Laboratory, LASA, a wide range of high specific activity radionuclides, RNs, have been produced in No Carrier Added form, for both basic research and application purposes. Use was made of the AVF proton cyclotron(K=45)of Milan University (up to 1987). More recently, the irradiations were carried out at the Scanditronix MC40 cyclotron (K=38;p, d, He-4 and He-3) of JRC-Ispra, Italy, of the European Community. In order to optimize the irradiation conditions for radioisotope production, a series of thin- and thick-target excitation functions have been experimentally determined. For each RN, a specific radiochemical separation has been developed in order to obtain GBq (mCi) amounts of the radiotracers in “high specific activity” No Carrier Added form (NCA). ©2001 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.1435187

出版商:AIP    

年代:1901

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The IUCF cyclotrons ceased delivering particle beams for physics research and became dedicated medical proton beam accelerators in 1999. Removal of the beam lines and nuclear research facilities associated with the cyclotrons to make room for the new medical beam delivery systems was completed in October, 2000. A new achromatic beam line was completed, extending from the main stage cyclotron and ending at a temporary research platform. This beam line is being commissioned during ongoing applied research. The achromatic line will deliver 0.5 &mgr;A of 205 MeV protons from which the treatment room technician may draw current at any time via fast switching, laminated magnets located at the entrances to the energy selection systems upstream of each of the treatment rooms. Three treatment rooms are planned, one containing two fixed horizontal lines and two gantry rooms. The cyclotrons will also support full time research in radiation effects, single event upset, radiation biology and pre-clinical research. This contribution describes the status of the medical construction project. ©2001 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.1435188

出版商:AIP    

年代:1901

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Sensitivity curves for detecting any element withZ=20toZ=92,through 1, 2 and 3 particle emission reactions, activated by protons, deuterons and alphas of up to 35 MeV energy have been estimated and presented in graphical form. From these activity curves the detection sensitivity of any element in the aforementioned range, can be directly obtained for an infinitely thick, a moderately thick or even a thin target can be directly obtained at any bombarding conditions. Furthermore, these curves would also help select the most suitable reaction for the measurement of a particular element or isotope in a given matrix, and also give a measure of the unwanted and interfering activities being produced simultaneously. ©2001 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.1435189

出版商:AIP    

年代:1901

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Summary of cyclotron production methods of237Pu(45,2 d),88Y(106,65 d) and85Sr(64,84 d) tracers via nuclear reactions with protons and alphas on235U,88Srand85Rbtargets in wide energy range is given. Chemical methods of separation and purification of the tracers from the irradiated uranium, strontium and rubidium targets are described. The tracers were used for determination of Pu (239–240), Sr-90 and Am-241 in the samples (soil, plants, underground waters) from Semipalatinsk Test Site. Obtained results are discussed. ©2001 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.1435190

出版商:AIP    

年代:1901

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

A cyclotron for proton therapy has to fulfill many requirements set by the specific operational and safety needs of a medical facility and the medical environment. These are for instance high extraction efficiency, high availability and reliability, simple and robust operation. ACCEL Instruments GmbH has refined the design concept of a medical cyclotron for the PSI PROSCAN project with the objective to use this cyclotron as the standard accelerator in complete proton therapy facilities, which ACCEL intends to market. Starting from the design in [1], we have carried out further detail clarifications, optimizations and adaptations to the needs of PSI [2]. The work was performed in a collaboration between ACCEL, NSCL and KVI in view of the requirements from the PSI PROSCAN project. An overview on the design will be given touching on subjects such as the 3D structural analysis of the coil, detailed magnetic modeling for optimization of the inner region and the spiral, optimization of the RF power, optimization of the cryogenic design based on available cryocoolers instead of a liquefaction plant and Monte Carlo simulations to estimate the heat balance produced by neutrons at 4K components. ©2001 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.1435191

出版商:AIP    

年代:1901

数据来源: AIP