ISSN:1059-1478    

DOI:10.1111/j.1937-5956.1995.tb00043.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We give a tutorial on bottleneck dynamics. Bottleneck dynamics is a scheduling framework that uses approximate dual resource prices to make decentralized decisions. The basic idea is to establish a price for a resource as a function of the set of jobs that need to be processed by the resource. Tasks are then sequenced according to a cost/benefit ratio. Starting with one resource sequencing problems, we describe how priorities for jobs can be developed and how they translate into resource prices. We then describe how resource prices can be approximated in a multiresource situation and how lead times which are critical for these approximations can be accurately computed. We also describe a number of studies that have shown bottleneck dynamics to be an effective approach in several different problem areas.

ISSN:1059-1478    

DOI:10.1111/j.1937-5956.1995.tb00044.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Computer‐integrated manufacturing implementation is often hindered by human resource issues like stress. By focusing on one type of potential human obstacle to the integration of islands of automation in our exploratory case study, we examine the sources of stress and the lack of job control experienced in three functional departments: computer‐aided design and manufacturing, manufacturing planning and control, and computer numerical control/robot manufacturing; we also suggest management interventions to alleviate stress in each group of workers.We used three methods to collect data: self‐reporting, observation at the job level, and physiological screening. Our results indicated little difference in stress levels among the three groups. However, we found that each group faced a different set of pressures and exercised different levels of control over their jobs. We suggest specific managerial action to overcome the most critical pres

ISSN:1059-1478    

DOI:10.1111/j.1937-5956.1995.tb00045.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Determining safety stocks in multistage manufacturing systems with serial or divergent structures, where end‐item demands are allowed to be correlated both between products as well as in time, is my focus. I show that these types of correlation have contrary effects on the distribution of safety stocks over the manufacturing stages and that neglecting the correlation of demand can lead to significant deviation from the optimal buffer policy. Using base‐stock control and assuming total reliability for internal supplies, I present a procedure for integrated multilevel safety stock optimization that can be applied to arbitrary serial and divergent systems even when demand is jointly cross‐product and cross‐time correlated. As I demonstrate in an example for autocorrelated demands of a moving average type, there are specific solution properties that drastically reduce the computational effort for safety stock planning. Safety stocks determined in that way can be used as an appropriate protection against demand uncertainties in material requirements planning

ISSN:1059-1478    

DOI:10.1111/j.1937-5956.1995.tb00046.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Cyclic scheduling has been primarily studied under deterministic assumptions. In practice, stochastic variability exists and must be taken into account. In this paper, the descriptive Markov chain model of Bowman and Muckstadt is extended to cover demand variability. A production control algorithm is developed using cyclic time and task criticality estimates from the model. Application of the algorithm to a case study shows that material release and anticipatory inventory buildup decisions can be effective in reducing inventory holding and overtime costs when significant demand variability is present.

ISSN:1059-1478    

DOI:10.1111/j.1937-5956.1995.tb00047.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Job‐release mechanisms in job‐shop control are receiving increased recognition in recent research. However, there is considerable disagreement over the benefits of sophisticated job‐release mechanisms, and they remain to be tested in various operating environments.In our study, we extend previous job‐releasing research by examining several job‐release mechanisms in a different operating environment‐a sequence‐dependent setup job shop. We tested these release mechanisms, originally developed for a machine‐constrained job shop, in conjunction with two groups of sequencing rules‐ordinary and setup‐oriented sequencing rules. We measured shop performance in terms of total cost, the sum of inventory‐holding and late‐penalty costs. We developed a simulation model of a nine‐machine jo

ISSN:1059-1478    

DOI:10.1111/j.1937-5956.1995.tb00048.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY