ISSN:0894-878X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Summary:Event-related potentials are time-locked electric fields that arise from synchronous neural activity associated with cognitive processing. The P3 is a scalp-recorded positive component that has been linked to memory mechanisms. The effects of memory disorders and focal cerebral lesions on the P3 vary widely as a function of the cognitive task used to elicit the waveform. These findings suggest that multiple antecedent processors or multiple generators contribute to the potential. The P3 may be generated primarily by the neocortex under modulation of subcortical projections such as the basal forebrain cholinergic system. Although the functional role of the P3 is uncertain, it is possible that P3 is related to a subcomponent of memory.

ISSN:0894-878X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Summary:Twenty-five patients with partial cognitive seizures (i.e., seizures characterized by experiential phenomena) were found in a sample of 4,000 epileptics. Seventeen of the 25 had a structural lesion shown by CT scan, and in 16 the lesion was located in the temporal lobe. No differences were found with regard to laterality of focus. The relationship of this type of seizure with some psychotic phenomena is described, and it is proposed that these seizures are a particular type of organic psychosis, and might be termed “paroxysmal psychosis.”

ISSN:0894-878X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Summary:The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of environmental interventions on one category of excessive motor behavior observed in the geriatric patient with advanced dementia. Specifically, combinations of background lighting and moderate intensity white noise were used and their effects evaluated on chronic bruxism behavior. The sensory combinations included dim illumination with quiet, dim illumination with noise, bright illumination with quiet, and bright illumination with noise. It was hypothesized that elevated sensory conditions would reduce excessive motor symptoms in patients previously confined to a closed geriatric ward with routinely quiet conditions and dim illumination of about 42 ft candles. This hypothesis was derived from arousal and activation theories. Experimental support was shown for this hypothesis across two replications, each consisting of four daily sessions. Treatment procedures may be developed for more cost-efficient and effective treatment of patients with excessive motor symptomatology within the convalescent care or rehabilitation setting, reducing monitoring and physical constraint requirements, and potentially through the alleviation of medical complications arising from these activities (e.g., dental care secondary to chronic bruxism)

ISSN:0894-878X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Summary:A case study is presented of a patient with alcohol amnestic (Korsakoiff's) syndrome in which magnetic resonance (MR) imaging demonstrated mamillary body atrophy. The patient never developed a full spectrum prodromal Wernicke's encephalopathy. Neuropsychological studies indicated significant shortterm memory deficits in the presence of generally intact intellectual functions. This case study supports the role of specific mamillary body involvement in the memory deficits associated with Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome, that mamillary body atrophy can be detected by MR scanning, and that mamillary body atrophy can develop in the absence of a complete Wernicke's encephalopathy

ISSN:0894-878X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Summary:Severe compulsive hand-washing accompanied by affective disorders and fear of contamination were observed in a case with bilateral caudate atrophy demonstrated on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan. As the frontal lobe atrophy progressed, the fear of contamination and compulsive hand-washing disappeared while the compulsive eating of food and nonfood items developed together with a cognitive decline and affective disturbances. The clinical features of compulsive eating were similar to cases of the Kluver–Bucy syndrome in humans usually associated with temporal lobe lesions. However, the MRI scans in the present case showed a prominent progressive atrophy in the caudate nuclei and the frontal lobes while the temporal lobes were spared

ISSN:0894-878X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Summary:After an uneventful 3-year recovery, two patients with severe closed head injury developed an acute onset, organic mood syndrome. Symptomatically, both resembled psychosis associated with temporal lobe epilepsy, although neither patient had overt seizure activity. Treatment is complicated, often requiring a combination of anticonvulsant and antipsychotic medications. Due to the rising survival rates after severe closed head injuries, the recognition and treatment of this type of psychosis will be a significant problem for neuropsychiatry

ISSN:0894-878X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Summary:Tonic immobility (unresponsiveness) and attentive immobility (freezing) are common fear reactions in animals. We report below two patients in whom tonic immobility and difficulty walking were prominent symptoms of social phobia and panic disorder

ISSN:0894-878X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0894-878X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0894-878X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID