ISSN:0894-878X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Summary:A neuropsychological screening battery (NSB) and cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan were given to 49 older individuals, 18 with clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 31 age-, sex-, and education-matched normal controls. All subjects were given the Mini–Mental State Examination (MMSE) and had an assessment of cerebrovascular risk factors (CVRFs). Computerized measurements of supratentorial brain, ventricle, and extra-axial fluid volumes were made, and detailed analyses of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) on T2-weighted images were carried out. The NSB was superior to the MMSE in identifying patients with AD, in whom significantly greater brain atrophy was seen. Atrophy was strongly correlated with neuropsychological performance in the combined groups, although not in either group alone. The WMHs were more apparent in the AD group, although they were common in normal subjects as well. The CVRFs were infrequent in both groups. These results suggest that the NSB is useful in the diagnosis of AD and that brain atrophy is reliably demonstrated by MRI. The WMHs are common in the elderly and may not impair cognition; factors other than ischemia may contribute to their origin.

ISSN:0894-878X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Summary:The simultaneous influence of age at onset of dementia, duration of illness, and their interaction on neuropsychological functioning was examined in 124 patients with probable Alzheimer's disease. Three cognitive factors (reflecting spatial processing, naming ability, and verbal fluency and comprehension) were derived by principal components analysis. Multiple regression analyses revealed that early onset of illness is associated with more profound deficits in all three cognitive domains. More importantly, they indicated that the effect of disease chronicity (i.e., duration of illness) on particular language tasks depends on the age at which symptoms begin. Therefore, future studies of age at onset as a subtyping variable in Alzheimer's disease should consider the influence of duration of illness, and vice versa.

ISSN:0894-878X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Summary:The delineation of neuropathology possibly responsible for the neurobehavioral deficits following closed head injury has been a hurdle. Although computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans have proved invaluable in this regard, both of these techniques are limited in that they provide a static perspective of neural structure. Perhaps for this reason, neuropsychological evaluation, providing a more dynamic perspective of brain function, occasionally presents evidence of impaired neurobehavioral functioning when CT and MRI scans show no evidence of neuropathology. We present neuropsychological and positron emission tomography (PET) scan data on six head injury cases. In each case, CT and/or MRI scans yielded no or little evidence of neuropathology. PET scans, however, corroborated impaired brain function detected by neuropsychological testing. These findings indicate that PET scanning and neuropsychological testing have the potential to play an important role in the description of neurobehavioral deficits after head injury.

ISSN:0894-878X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Summary:In order to address the hypothesis that striatal lesions can produce hypokinesia of the arm contralateral to the lesion in either hemispace, a patient with an infarction of the right caudate, internal capsule, and part of the globus pallidus was examined. She was administered motor tasks requiring sustained motor activity for her right arm in both hemispaces. She was unable to sustain motor activity in left hemispace, whereas she performed normally in right hemispace. Addition of attentive tasks in the left hemispace decreased motor impersistence in left hemispace, but had no effect on right hemispace. However, addition of attentive tasks in right hemispace increased motor impersistence. The results suggest that the striatum is important for motor function in contralateral space, independent of which limb is performing the task. In addition, unilateral attentive tasks influence this motor function.

ISSN:0894-878X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Summary:A case of choreoacanthocytosis with psychiatric features is reported. The psychiatric aspects of previously reported cases in the literature are reviewed, and a hypothesis is offered for the patient's and family's misattribution of the symptoms to functional illness.

ISSN:0894-878X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Summary:Carbon monoxide poisoning often causes infarction of the globus pallidus, resulting in prominent motor dysfunction in addition to cognitive and behavioral abnormalities. We present a patient with carbon monoxide poisoning and bilateral pallidal infarcts who developed pure cognitive and behavioral alterations without motor impairment. We discuss the role of the basal ganglia in cognitive and behavioral processes.

ISSN:0894-878X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0894-878X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0894-878X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0894-878X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID