摘要:

SummaryThis article reviews data suggesting that cerebellar dysfunction plays a role in the pathogenesis of some schizophrenias. Descriptions by early workers of abnormal movements in schizophrenics, systematic studies of movement problems in patients and children at risk for schizophrenia, brain imaging findings, studies of smooth eye pursuit deficits in patients and their first-degree relatives, and studies of vestibular disturbances in some patients are presented as evidence consistent with cerebellar dysfunction in schizophrenia. Data from cerebellar stimulation studies, studies of autistic children, and clinicopathological studies of patients with cerebellar lesions are also reviewed. Further, studies of cerebellar structure and functions (sensory integrative, learning, complex motor programming, and limbic modulation) are discussed, demonstrating that cerebellar derangement could result in behavior similar to that seen in schizophrenia. Finally, a neurodevelopmental model of cerebellar dysfunction in schizophrenia is presented.

ISSN:0894-878X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SummaryReceptive semantic and prosodic abilities were assessed in patients with focal unilateral cerebrovascular accidents (CVAs) to determine how these language processes are organized functionally and anatomically. Neuropsychological, radiological (computed tomography scan), and event-related potential (ERP) measures were obtained from 12 patients with right brain damage (RBD), nine patients with left brain damage (LBD), and 10 normal controls. Both patient groups had normal mental status scores, but showed deficits on tests of prosodic and semantic comprehension, with no significant differences between the patient groups. The ERPs were recorded in a frequency-discrimination task, a semantic-discrimination task, and a prosodic-discrimination task. The RBD group had abnormalities in the endogenous ERP components in both the prosodic task and the frequency-discrimination task. The LBD group had abnormal ERPs only in the semantic task. Thus, the ERP tasks were shown to tap the specific functional specializations of the two hemispheres. Nevertheless, no lateral asymmetries of these ERP components were observed in any group. The absence of asymmetries in the P3 component in the patients with lesions in the posterior cortex indicates that this component may not be generated in the parietal-temporal cortex.

ISSN:0894-878X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SummaryRegional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) measurements were performed on 39 healthy volunteers at rest and during performance of a word fluency test. The results showed a highly significant flow augmentation in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during task performance. No significant changes were seen in the right hemisphere. These findings are in agreement with the evidence from lesion studies that verbal production is particularly dependent on prefrontal functions.

ISSN:0894-878X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0894-878X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0894-878X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0894-878X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0894-878X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID