ISSN:0038-4348    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0038-4348    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Six cases of onchocerciasis were diagnosed in expatriates working on a hydroelectric dam project in Taabo (Ivory Coast) between 1977 and 1978. Taabo is in the forest area of the Bandama River, where onchocerciasis is hyperendemic. The six patients had lived in the area from 20 months to four years. In the early 1970s four of them had worked at the Kossou Dam, a similar project 125 miles up the Bandama River. Diagnoses were confirmed by demonstrating microfilariae in biopsy specimens taken from the skin overlying the iliac crest. A seventh case was diagnosed clinically as tropical filarial pulmonary eosinopbilia. The six patients with microfilariae in the skin were treated successfully with diethylcarbamazine (Notezine, Hetrazan) and suramin (Moranyl). The patient with pulmonary involvement responded dramatically to treatment with diethylcarbamazine. The overall effects of onchocerciasis are poorly understood, though it is now one of the major tropical diseases, affecting millions of people living in central and western Africa, Yemen, and Central America. Medical treatment is successful, but few preventive measures are available for the disease; larvicides are subject to resistance, and their effects are transient.

ISSN:0038-4348    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In this paper we bring together recommendations from three expert sources for preventive care by periodic health examination of adults. We compare these recommendations with care items considered essential for such examinations, and those actually performed by a panel of practicing internists. We found substantial differences among the expert groups and between the experts and the practicing internists in their perceptions of essential care items. Overall, 59% of items recommended by any of the expert groups were found in the internists' records. We suggest that the periodic examination serves a purpose in addition to screening for disease; that the screening function need not be performed annually; that awareness and practice of proven beneficial components of such examinations be increased among practitioners; and that a better consensus on recommendations for preventive care be developed.

ISSN:0038-4348    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Homicide is a leading contributor to loss of life in the productive years. Of the 20,000 homicides yearly in the United States, the majority are committed with firearms. Because homicide rates and gun ownership are highest in the southern states, a descriptive study of 20,980 homicides occurring in five southern states between 1967–1975 was done with particular emphasis on the role of firearms. Total rates in this study were 60% to 85% higher than concurrent national rates. Homicide with firearms accounted for 76.2%, and was the only method of homicide to show a significant increase in rate or a distinctive age distribution. Homicide in the US is a firearms phenomenon. Appropriate and effective regulation of access to firearms is an obvious first step in the prevention of this public health problem.

ISSN:0038-4348    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A patient with muscle spasms and rigidity associated with tetanus was successfully treated with a continuous infusion of diazepam. This beneficial response was associated with a minimal serum diazepam concentration of 500 ng/ml. The major metabolite of diazepam, DMD, did not appear to exert substantial activity. Guidelines for dosing diazepam are provided.

ISSN:0038-4348    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A review of the outcome of 440 patients hospitalized between 1967 and 1977 because of lung abscess showed that 41 died (case fatality rate = 9.3%). Major predisposing factors were present in many of the fatal and nonfatal cases. Advanced age and concomitant diseases were associated with a higher risk of death. Aspiration of contents of large cavities may have played a major role in the death of seven patients.

ISSN:0038-4348    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In five cases of blastomycosis, invasive procedures were required before the diagnosis was established; these included thoracotomy in two cases and craniotomy in a third case. Radiologic signs in blastomycosis are nonspecific, and the presentations of the disease may be protean and unusual. Certain factors and radiologic appearances should alert the physician and radiologist to the diagnosis.

ISSN:0038-4348    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Edwardsiella tardais a recently identified gram-negative organism of the family Enterobacteriaceae. Reports of human infections withE tardahave been infrequent. We review 14 cases of systemic edwardsiellosis reported in the literature, and report a case ofE tardaosteomyelitis in a patient with sickle cell—hemoglobin C disease. In our case the remains of a snake may have been the source of the organism. Systemic edwardsiellosis is rare, and it may present as meningitis, endocarditis, bacteremia, liver abscess, or osteomyelitis. In 12 of 15 cases reported, systemicE tardainfection occurred in patients suffering from additional debilitating illnesses.

ISSN:0038-4348    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

After case reports of alleged cimetidine-induced neutropenia, we investigated the possibility that cimetidine might produce occult bone marrow injury by a mechanism other than idiosyncratic hypersensitivity. We performed hydrocortisbne challenge tests to assess the bone marrow granulocyte reserves before, during, and after cimetidine administration. No decrease in marrow granulocyte reserves was associated with the administration of cimetidine. When cimetidine and lithium were given to volunteers, the granulocytosis normally associated with lithium was not diminished. Although a general myelosuppressive effect of cimetidine has been postulated by others, we found no evidence of such a phenomenon in this study. Idiosyncratic drug sensitivity is probably the mechanism of cimetidine-induced neutropenia.

ISSN:0038-4348    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID