ISSN:0951-7367    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A number of papers in the last year emphasize the importance of examining the functional as well as structural aspects of community services. This applies particularly to organization and management. Other topics include: clients as consumers, social networks, and special needs such as requirements for physical and psychiatric treatment.

ISSN:0951-7367    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This article describes the current paradigm shift in education and rehabilitation, which is significantly affecting the approach used to educate and support people with mental retardation. The paradigm shift is best characterized by a movement towards equity among people, inclusion in regular environments, the use of natural supports rather than facilities, and a focus on person-referenced outcomes. Specific education techniques are summarized within the paradigm shift; current and future trends and directions within the areas of education and habilitation are also discussed.

ISSN:0951-7367    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Emerging conceptual models illustrate transactional relationships found within families affected by mental retardation. Research has focused particularly on family adjustment, family membership, contextual experiences, and lifespan issues. The need for greater diversity in sampling, measurement, and methodologies follows from recent research and transactional models.

ISSN:0951-7367    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Behavioural and emotional disorders of children with mental retardation have been the subject of systematic research in a number of areas. These areas include the evaluation of measurement instruments, psychopathology, genetic syndromes, child abuse, family factors, psychopharmacology and cognitive aspects of behaviour disturbance. However, the mental retardation literature is still replete with studies which fail to observe some basic methodological principles.

ISSN:0951-7367    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Debates about the underlying concept of mental retardation continue. Studies concerned with factors affecting intelligence quotient (IQ) in child populations are a feature this year, with highlights in meta-analysis relating to alcohol in pregnancy and the long-term sequellae of very low birthweight. New information is available on some rare syndromes.

ISSN:0951-7367    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The conceptualization and definition of what constitutes mental retardation is currently in a state of transformation. Researchers continue to debate how to best identify and assess people with mental retardation. An important factor influencing this debate is the construct of social competence, which emphasizes the importance of social skills and the ability to develop arid maintain effective interpersonal relationships. The concept of social competency is an important developmental process that appears to be particularly relevant in defining mental retardation.

ISSN:0951-7367    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Community care policies have provoked a demand for good quality primary health care for people with intellectual disabilities. This review examines existing health care policies and explores barriers to the uptake of health care. The particular health needs of those leaving long-stay care are considered.

ISSN:0951-7367    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The literature reviewed in this article addresses various aspects of age-related change in individuals with mental retardation (MR). The articles ranged from those describing the recognition and treatment of medical and mental illnesses to those discussing health care policy. Given the size of this patient cohort, there was a surprising dearth of articles published in the past year which addressed the issue of aging as the primary subject of interest

ISSN:0951-7367    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

As research into the underlying causes of mental retardation continues, important findings are already allowing clinicians to prevent the onset of some cases of arrested intellectual and physical development. It is becoming ever more apparent that we are on the threshold of identifying, preventing, and even curing many of the causative factors of established physical syndromes that produce developmental disorganization and disability.

ISSN:0951-7367    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1992

数据来源: OVID