摘要:

In any trial designed to assess the value of high pressure oxygen in radiotherapy it is essential that overall treatment time, fractionation and the quality of field planning and treatment are as nearly as possible identical for both the hyperbaric and the control series. Therefore, we must strive to achieve a standard of beam direction inside the tank fully comparable in accuracy with present methods outside the tank, since it would be wrong to lower the standard of treatment for those patients treated as controls at atmospheric pressure. This paper describes preliminary attempts to develop a system of beam direction that fills these requirements when used in conjunction with any transparent high pressure oxygen tank, such as the Vickers tank shown in Fig. 5.The restrictions imposed by the presence of the pressure tank largely determine the general form of the beam direction system:(1) Early experience showed that most hyperbaric therapy patients tolerate full immobilisation by conventional plastic shells, and therefore can be fixed in position relative to the tank. Nevertheless, the conditions and the length of time spent in the tank make it undesirable to rely on immobilisation of every patient as a necessary part of the beam-direction process. The simplest line of approach at this stage is the use of optical beams to relate the patient directly to the treatment head during the few minutes of actual treatment.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-39-465-696

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1966

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Rotascanography, a method of scanning a length of film by rotating the X-ray tube about its focal axis during exposure, was described by Watson (1962). If the X-ray tube used is mounted on a pivot which is coaxial with the focus on at least one axis, rotation of the tube on this axis will cause no movement of the focus. Therefore, each part of the image will always be projected on to the same part of the film, even if the tube is rotated during exposure.A similar method, slit scanography, has been used for arteriography (Astle, Wallace and Jones, 1953). We have not tried this method, but in theory rotascanography should give better definition and also any size of diaphragm opening can be used.We tried this method of radiography while waiting to obtain a cassette changer. It proved to be a simple method of obtaining films during femoral arteriography and aortography for peripheral vascular disease. We found it easier than changing films by hand through a cassette tunnel and therefore thought that our experience might be of interest to those without special apparatus.A cassette tunnel stretching the length of the table was covered by a plastic foam mattress.Using a floor mounted overcouch tube, the tomograph arm was attached to the tube support to act as a lever. The tube was fixed at 48 in. above the table top and freed so as to be able to rotate longtitudinally with relation to the table.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-39-465-699

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1966

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The natural course of cerebral aneurysms, both those observed in subarachnoid haemorrhage and those discovered by chance, has been subject to much discussion. Our knowledge in this field is still deficient. The results of conservative treatment of subarachnoid haemorrhage caused by a ruptured aneurysm are discouraging. Hunt, Meagher and Barnes (1962), for example, reported a mortality of 93 per cent in conservative treatment compared with 20 per cent with surgical intervention. For this reason it has not been possible to follow-up a large series of conservatively treated patients with repeated cerebral angiographies in order to study the development of non-surgically treated aneurysms. Some information has been given, however, as regards the morphological development. Mount and Taveras (1956) described a series of 16 conservatively treated patients. The aneurysm was visible in all cases at follow-up angiography. Its size was either unchanged or had increased. No spontaneous thrombosis occurred in any of these cases. af Björkesten and Troupp (1962) reported one case of spontaneous thrombosis, however. In this case attempt had been made to repair the aneurysm surgically by the application of a silver clamp. A few months after the operation, however, angiography showed that the condition was unchanged and that the silver clamp was situated behind the aneurysm and with no anatomical contact with it. Further examination five years later revealed total thrombosis of the aneurysm.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-39-465-701

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1966

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The presence of a disease process in monozygotic twins is always of interest. This report deals with four siblings, two 43-year-old identical twins and their two brothers of comparable age, in whom sliding hiatus hernias of moderate size were noted.A 43-year-old Irish white male was referred to this hospital because of a six-month history of exertional retrosternal chest pain consistent with angina pectoris. In addition, he had experienced in the past two years occasional episodes of heartburn and epigastric pain following meals, aggravated in the supine position. The family history indicated no evidence of cardiac or gastrointestinal disease. His siblings were an identical twin and two other brothers described below. He was not overweight, being 69 in. tall and weighing 169 lb. His physical examination was unremarkable. An abnormal exercise electrocardiogram and coronary angiogram confirmed the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. An oral cholecystogram was normal. The upper gastrointestinal series demonstrated a sliding hiatus hernia of moderate size (Fig. 1).

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-39-465-703

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1966

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Dr. R. S. C. Couch, Consultant Radiologist to The London Hospital and the Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital, and radiologist to the London Clinic, was killed in a car accident in Northern France on the night of Monday, July 25. His wife and four children who were travelling with him on their way to spend a holiday in Spain were also injured. He was 41 years old.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-39-465-705-b

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1966

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

There is currently a controversy in the literature about the shape of the survival curves obtained by irradiating cellsin vitrounder hypoxic conditions (Elkind, Alescio, Swain, Moses and Sutton, 1964; Hall, Bedford and Oliver, 1966; Revesz and Littbrand, 1964). Since hypoxia is usually produced by flushing a container with nitrogen or argon, it might be argued that differences in the concentration of oxygen in the flushing gas at the time of irradiation are responsible for varying degrees of hypoxia in the cells and therefore for the different shapes of the survival curves.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-39-465-706

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1966

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Recent work by Elkind, Alescio, Swain, Moses and Sutton (1964), Révész and Littbrand (1964), and Hall, Bedford and Oliver (1966), suggests that the response of hypoxic mammalian cells to ionising radiation may be critically dependent upon the amount of residual dissolved oxygen in the system in the range of 1 to 300 nanomolar. This range of concentration is considerably lower than that which was previously thought to be significant in radiobiology (Gray and Scott, 1964). This consideration prompts a re-examination of methods at present in use to ensure equality of oxygen tension between the gas phase, nitrogen or argon, and the cells under test.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-39-465-707

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1966

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Your editorial in the June issue of the Journal interested me considerably. As a guest editor for theAmerican Journal of RoentgenologyI wrote an epistle questioning many of the same things that you exhibited in your editorial.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-39-465-708-a

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1966

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Meeting organised jointly by The Association of Clinical Biochemists, The Association of Clinical Pathologists, the Isotope Study Section of the British Institute of Radiology, The Faculty of Radiologists and The Hospital Physicists' Association

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-39-465-709

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1966

数据来源: WILEY