摘要:

This year marks the fiftieth anniversary of the foundation of this Society. The first general meeting at which our parent body, the Röntgen Society, was formally constituted, took place in June 1897, but it is this week in March which is the anniversary of the first preliminary discussions which led to that meeting. I am very conscious of the honour you have done me in deciding that I should follow the many eminent persons who have guided the destinies of this Society since that time. I should be less than human if I did not take great pleasure in becoming President of the oldest radiological society in the world, particularly during such an important year in its history. It is, nevertheless, with some trepidation and a little burdended by responsibility that I set out to deliver this address. I must confess to having had some hesitation in accepting this office, which should be the reward of long and faithful service, to which I can lay no claim. My feelings are expressed exactly by some words that were used by the late MacNeile Dixon in introducing his Gifford lectures:“If it be said, and it is no more than the truth to say, that I owe my position here to the friendship of my colleagues, I would wish this to be added, that I take more pleasure in the regard of my friends than in any honour that could be done me”.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-20-235-261

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1947

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A most successful Dinner was held at Grosvenor House, London, on Friday, June 13, 1947, in celebration of the fiftieth Anniversary of the Rontgen Society, with which the British Institute of Radiology is incorporated. The President, Professor D. W. Smithers, was in the Chair.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-20-235-268

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1947

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

When your President asked me to speak on this troublesome subject he asked me to say exactly what I thought of it. To be in the invidious position of criticising one's colleagues for their medical mistakes and accidents is not pleasant. Yet I think that the time has come to speak boldly of radio-necrosis and to protest strongly against its continued high incidence. Ten years ago Finzi expressed the opinion that it should not occur at all. I am certain that few of you know how common it is; firstly, because a patient who has been burned, often does not return to the radiologist who inflicted the burn; and secondly, the really serious effects—e.g., ulceration and malignant change—often do not occur until years after the original damage. I would say quite plainly that there are far more examples of chronic radio-necrosis wandering about the country than you are aware of. Ultimately they drift into the hands of the plastic surgeon. If, therefore, as a result of this discussion something can be done to reduce the incidence of this lamentable condition, it will have been worth while.In 1933 I reported before the Congress of Radiology forty cases in which surgical treatment was necessary for radio-necrosis. At that time the purely surgical aspect of the matter was uppermost in my mind and little, if anything, was said about prevention. In 1939, at a meeting of the British Empire Cancer Campaign, I reported 211 cases.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-20-235-269

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1947

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

It is probably salutary in its effect for radiologists on occasion to be reminded by their colleagues or by others of the legal risks and physical dangers associated with the pursuit of their particular form of practice and with the use of ancillary machinery and materials employed to effect a radiological diagnosis or treatment. With radiologists, as with other members of the community, “familiarity breeds contempt”—hence they are prone to forget, under the pressure of modern practice, the legal implications of the doctor-patient relationship, and especially of their dangerous calling. A scrutiny of the records of one medical defence organisation with which I am acquainted shows conclusively that the legal risks of radiological practice are not insignificant in number or financial extent.In the early days when the potentiality of various physical rays were not fully understood, workers in this subject often suffered much pain, and deformity and occasionally loss of life owing to prolonged personal exposure. We all pay full respect to these valiant pioneers whose unfortunate experiences laid the basis for the progress of our knowledge of the subject of radiology and inspired their followers to elaborate ways and means of preventing catastrophe overtaking operators or patients. Strangely enough, however, the very effect that was produced upon the tissues of these early experimenters in radiology is sought and utilised to-day under suitable control to eliminate or to modify the course of disease in a variety of forms.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-20-235-270

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1947

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Mr. President—I should like to congratulate you and the Institute on promoting this discussion on radiation necrosis. It is a subject which is of the greatest importance to all of us, which has a voluminous literature, which has frequently, sometimes with justification and sometimes without, been the determining factor in the judgment of some of our colleagues on the value of radiotherapy; but it is a subject which we have been singularly shy in discussing in a meeting such as this. I was very pleased to see that you had arranged this meeting, but not so pleased when, in the regrettable absence of Mr. Stebbing, I was asked to take part, as I feel a heavy responsibility in speaking for the radiotherapists.There are two quite distinct clinical entities in radiation necrosis, early or acute necrosis, and late necrosis. The former may develop as an immediate sequel to irradiation, when instead of the normal sequence of events in a developing reaction—erythema followed by a fibrinous membrane on mucosal surfaces or erythema proceeding to dry and subsequent moist desquamation of a skin surface—there is early and intense œdema of the part, which may become purplish; there is extreme and continuous pain and the whole area becomes covered with a greyish yellow slough, which extends down into the subcutaneous tissues to a variable depth.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-20-235-274

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1947

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

At the invitation of Dr. Richard Fawcitt and the Director and Governors, a meeting of the branch will be held at the Ethel Hedley Orthopœdic Hospital, Calgarth Park, Windermere, on Saturday, July 26, 1947.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-20-235-278

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1947

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The paper draws attention to the relatively high output of diagnostic plants under the conditions normally used. The influence of various factors in reducing the surface dose for given conditions at the film is also discussed and finally a table is given indicating (for a number of parts of the body) the order of dose to be expected on the skin during an X-ray examination.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-20-235-279

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1947

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This piece of work on the effects of X radiation on the rabbit eye could well be taken as a model for similar investigations.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-20-235-283

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1947

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In Radium Therapy it is frequently necessary to calculate dosage-rates at various points near rectilinear sources. Such sources include not only the single needle or container, but also intracavitary tubes and rows of needles in plaques and implants. The Parker-Paterson methods are satisfactory in many cases, but they only give the average dosagerate in a strictly defined area or volume, and also it is not always possible to conform to their rules for the distribution of the radium.The two types of diagrams for calculating dosagerates near rectilinear sources, described in this paper, are easy to construct and simple to use, and have been found useful in this department. One diagram of either type will deal with all sources which have the filtration for which it is designed.The dosage-rate, D r/hr., at a point P (Fig. 1), near a radium source AB, of unit linear density and with a wall thickness equivalent todmm. of platinum, is given by the equation:μ=the absorption coefficient of γ radiation in platinum, andKr/hr. is the dosage-rate which would be produced at 1 cm. from a point source of 1. mgm. of radium screened bydmm. of platinum. For 0·5 mm. of Pt filtration,K=8·3 r/hr., and its values for other filtrations can be calculated from this, μ in equation (1) is the absorption coefficient of γ radiation which has been filtered bydmm. of platinum.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-20-235-284

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1947

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In the twentieth line of the right-hand column of page 222 in the June issue, for “King Edward VII”read“King Edward VIII”.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-20-235-287-b

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1947

数据来源: WILEY