摘要:

AbstractThe National Radiological Protection Board has recently carried out a reappraisal of the annual genetically significant dose (GSD) to the population of Great Britain arising from the practice of diagnostic radiology. The current value of 120 μGy (12 mrad) is indistinguishable from the value determined 20 years ago despite a 48% increase in the number of X-ray examinations performed per head of the population. This is mostly due to a large decrease in the contribution from obstetric radiology and to a marked reduction in the gonadal doses delivered to children for nearly all types of examination. The GSD and the frequency of X-ray examinations in Great Britain would appear to be considerably lower than those found in other industrialized countries and seem unlikely to result in more than 100 cases of serious hereditary ill-health per year at genetic equilibrium. On the other hand, diagnostic radiology is responsible for 87% of the GSD from all man-made sources of population exposure in Great Britain and there is evidence from the data collected for this reappraisal that radiological protection measures could be improved so as to reduce significantly this large contribution without detriment to patient care.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-54-645-719

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwo hundred and twelve patients with recognizable coronary artery block and no other pathology were selected using an interactive computer data retrieval system. The relationship of coronary artery collaterals to left ventricular (LV) dysfunction was investigated. Analysis revealed the significant role of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery and collateral development to the preservation of LV function.This study underlines the value of radiological observation when subject to statistical scrutiny.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-54-645-731

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCriss-cross heart is an angiographically confusing malformation where apparent crossing but not mixing of contrast medium is seen at atrioventricular level. The malformation can be understood by a clockwise or counter-clockwise ventricular rotation. In the normal heart or one with complete transposition ventricular rotation is clockwise. With corrected transposition rotation occurs in a counterclockwise fashion. One case of criss-cross heart with associated corrected transposition and two criss-cross hearts occurring with complete transposition are reported.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-54-645-736

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA comparative diagnostic study was carried out on 40 patients with pathologically proven renal malignancies which were staged both by angiography and CT. CT is more accurate than angiography for the detection of both perirenal and pararenal extension of the primary tumour (T-staging), and angiography is only slightly superior to CT in the evaluation of intravascular extension of the malignancy. The diagnostic performance of CT is clearly superior to angiography in detecting malignant lymphatic spread (L-staging) and distant metastases (M-staging). CT is, therefore, becoming the primary diagnostic approach for the staging of renal malignant tumours.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-54-645-744

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractInversion of the left hemidiaphragm has been reported previously but inversion of the right hemidiaphragm has been thought not to occur. Seven cases of inversion of the right hemidiaphragm demonstrated on routine ultrasound examination are reported, and the clinical implications are discussed.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-54-645-754

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The authors feel that ultrasound is undervalued as an investigative technique for abdomino-pelvic disease in the diagnosis and management of tumours. Implicit in this have acquired an over-inflated value, abdominal CT scanning being the major competitor.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-54-645-757

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA case of Down's syndrome who has survived dislocation of both the atlanto-occipital and atlanto-axial joints is described and reviewed together with 11 cases culled from the literature.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-54-645-758

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe unreliability of radiological examination in excluding or confirming a suspected scaphoid fracture after carpal trauma is a well-recognised diagnostic problem. This paper explores the role of isotope bone imaging (IBI) in the early identification of carpal bone injury. Abnormal generalized uptake of activity may be seen within the carpus, possibly as a consequence of diffuse soft tissue injury, particularly if imaging is performed within 48 hours of trauma. A focal area of increased uptake related to one carpal bone is suggestive of fracture though the part which ligamentous injury, localized periosteal reaction or incomplete cortical infarction may play in the production of such radionuclide appearances is uncertain.Ninety-nine patients with suspected recent scaphoid fracture but no demonstrable abnormality on radiological examination were subjected to IBI, using 555 MBq(1 5 mCi) of99Tcmmethylene diphosphonate. Abnormal focal increased uptake (AFIU) was found in 47 patients, this being localized to the scaphoid bone in 26. Of these 47 cases, 19 (42%) showed subsequent radiological evidence of facture.The results of IBI, in our experience, can only be reliably interpreted if imaging is performed at least 48 hours after injury, though in cases of fracture AFIU may persist for several years. Using this technique, the possibility of fracture can be confidently excluded in that group of patients who show no AFIU. In selected cases of carpal trauma, IBI provides a satisfactory alternative means of identifying the presence and site of localized injury within the carpus and may be used to confidently exclude those patients with nonosseous symptomatology.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-54-645-762

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Whilst trying to preserve a balance between the basic and the practical as in the title, the former is dominant in the twelve review articles presented in this collection of selected topics in skeletal physiology. Nevertheless, throughout the text much attention has been devoted to indicating the clinical bearing of advances in this field of biological science.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-54-645-767

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effect on thyroid function was investigated in 22 patients undergoing arteriography with a new low osmolality contrast medium—sodium and meglumine ioxaglate (Hexabrix). Plasma thyroxine (T4), thyroxine resin uptake (TRU) and free thyroxine index (FTI) were measured before and at varying intervals up to 56 days after the arteriogram. Despite the large doses of Hexabrix used (up to 89.6 g of iodine), these tests of thyroid function did not reveal any significant change from pre-angiographic levels. It is concluded that Hexabrix as used for arteriography does not affect thyroid function.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-54-645-768

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY