ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A major reason for admission of community hospice clients to the hospital is exhaustion of the primary caregiver. One way to prevent the problem of caregiver exhaustion may be the use of trained laypersons who remain overnight with the ill person, thereby providing respite that allows the caregiver to sleep. A survey was conducted to assess primary caregivers’ appraisal of the need for overnight respite and their willingness to receive this support from trained laypersons. Thirty-seven primary caregivers, who used the services of a community hospice, were interviewed to determine primary caregivers’ appraisals of problems, resources, and needs. Ten (27%) primary caregivers reported usually receiving 0 to 4 h of sleep per night and 27 (73%) reported receiving >4 h. Sleep time was described by the majority as insufficient, but insufficient sleep was statistically not a main reason for hospital admission. Findings suggested that those in the 0− to 4-h category were more vulnerable to exhaustion. Seventy percent of respondents indicated that they would use the services of a trained layperson for overnight respite and an additional 6% indicated that they would under certain conditions.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Two months after the opening of Sweden's first purpose-built free-standing hospice, 19 nurses were asked to narrate their reasons, expectations, hopes, and concerns about their future work as hospice nurses. The stories were analyzed using a phenomenological-hermeneutic approach inspired by the philosophy of Ricoeur. The tension between endurance and enjoyment seems to be the essential feature of the nurses’ stories. The nurses who were experienced in terminal care hope and expect to enjoy being hospice nurses, provided they are able to give good terminal care, that is, nursing care that is experienced as being meaningful. Those nurses who are inexperienced in terminal care hope and expect that they will be able to give and to grow as people and to develop as professionals, but do not yet know what to make of their experiences. Possible implications of the nurses’ reasons, expectations, hopes, and concerns are discussed, and an understanding of the tension between endurance and enjoyment of being a hospice nurse is presented.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

During the past years, the number of people diagnosed with cancer has increased. Cancer can be a threat to life itself, as well as to the individual's perception of the quality of life. The question of what contributes a clinically significant change or difference in perceived quality of life remains unanswered. Hope is frequently referred to as important for coping with a disease such as cancer. Hope enables people to cope with difficult and stressful situations and suffering. Nevertheless, hope is seldom stressed in definitions of the quality of life. This article shows the importance of both hope and quality of life for cancer patients and discusses the relationship between hope and quality of life. Coping is of importance for the experience of quality of life, and hope can be regarded as a coping strategy. From existing theory, hope can be seen as a variable that positively contributes to the experience of quality of life. Future research should empirically explore to what extent hope contributes to the adaptive process that maintains the quality of life at an acceptable level despite having cancer.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Health care workers have been identified as sources of social support for cancer patients. However, little is known about the type of support patients receive from nurses. The primary purpose of this study was to determine if patients perceived differences in how often they received different types of support from nurses. The dimensions of support assessed were based on House's conceptualization of social support as made up of four components: emotional, informational, instrumental, and appraisal. A secondary purpose was to determine how satisfied the patients were with the nursing care they received while hospitalized. Sixty-six patients completed a questionnaire containing a 23-item self-report scale that measured how often they received specific types of support from nurses. The questionnaire also contained a seven-item self-report scale that measured how satisfied they were with the nursing care they received. Patients reported receiving significantly more instrumental and less appraisal support than other types of support (p < 0.008). Satisfaction with nursing-care was significantly related to the amount of support they perceived receiving (p < 0.01). Implications for the importance of affirming the personal worth of cancer patient's as a part of routine nursing care are discussed and intervention strategies suggested.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The goal of this program was to identify problems in patients with symptomatic malignant terminal disease relating to the improvement of their care at home. A program was developed consisting of guidelines and instructions which built on the previous training of the family members assuming their care. Patient needs assessment was performed to identify the major problems afflicting patients. Problems were described by nursing diagnoses using the classification system of altered functional patterns. Based on their problems, family members were trained so that they could offer patients more adequate care and attention in their homes. The effectiveness of the program was evaluated, as was its impact on the patients themselves and their families.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A convenience sample of 83 patients with cancer were interviewed before and/or after a full course of radiotherapy, with 36 patients interviewed both times, to determine their perceptions about the functions served by the information received from standard care personnel Patients indicated the preferred sources of receiving information. The results indicate that information served three main functions. Active participation was the most frequently cited function, followed by anxiety reduction and preparation. There was no difference by gender, age, education, or socio economic status (SES) in type of functions cited. Disadvantages in receiving information were rarely cited but included receiving bad news and inaccurate or vague information. Many stated that they nevertheless still wanted the information. Verbal communication, especially from the physician, followed by written material, was the most popular choice for receiving information at pretreatment. Written material was more frequently cited as the preferred type of information at posttreatment. Nurses were mentioned as an information source more frequently at posttreatment than at pretreatment. Implications of the findings for practitioners working with patients with cancer are discussed. Patients with cancer.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The goal of increasing participation in fecal occult blood testing (FOBT) for elderly African Americans is a national priority. Fatalism is believed to be a barrier to screening among this population. Fatalism is the belief that death is inevitable when cancer is present. The Powe Fatalism Model guided this descriptive, correlational study that reports on the relationship between race and fatalism, as well as the relationship between fatalism and participation in FOBT. Participants (N = 192) were recruited from randomly selected congregate meal sites. The majority of participants were African American, female, had minimal education, and minimal incomes. Elderly African Americans were significantly more fatalistic than elderly white participants and less likely to participate in FOBT. Not only was fatalism a significant predictor of FOBT, but it remained the only significant predictor even when factors such as age, poverty, and education were controlled. Nursing science must accept the challenges of promptly identifying fatalistic individuals and the development of interventions to counteract its influence.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Oral hygiene in immunocompromised patients is important in preventing oral infection and may be important in preventing systemic infections. By mechanically reducing bacterial plaque levels in the oral cavity, the risk of infection may be reduced. Foam brushes have been shown to be ineffective in controlling plaque levels and gingivitis. In a 2-week trial, we demonstrated that using a foam brush soaked in chlorhexidine reduces plaque and controls gingivitis as effectively as using a toothbrush. Foam brushes soaked in chlorhexidine should be used when tooth-brushing cannot be performed.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID