摘要:

A manual examination of 3 primary oncology nursing journals was conducted to identify quantitative studies about chaplains and community-based clergy that were published between 1990 and 1999. This systematic review identified 7 studies involving chaplains and/or clergy dealing with a range of issues. Although the rate at which such studies were published in the oncology nursing literature was relatively low (1 in 123 studies), this rate far exceeds the rate found in a similar review of psychology journals (1 in 600 studies). The nature of the 7 studies and the issues they addressed are discussed and the authors make recommendations for future collaborative efforts.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The aim of the study was to describe attitudes toward sunbathing and sun protection, to examine sun-related behaviors, and to present an effort to change sun-related behaviors among young adults without a cancer diagnosis in melanoma-prone families. Ten patients were interviewed, and questionnaires were sent on 3 occasions during a 15-month period to the total population (n = 87) meeting the inclusion criteria. Data from interviews and questionnaires showed extensive ultraviolet-exposure behaviors in this high-risk group for melanoma, although not always expressed in terms of sunbathing. When asked about sunbathing, 1/3 reported sunbathing “Often” or “Very often,” despite a decrease in sunbathing during the study period. In addition, 35% reported current sun bed use. The most important reason for sunbathing was attractiveness. The risk of getting skin cancer was the most important reason to refrain from sunbathing. The majority estimated their own risk for melanoma as equal or lower compared with the general population. The planned intervention failed due to low attendance. Ultraviolet exposure is extensive. The individual perception of personal risk and the motivation to change behaviors are important factors to consider when designing a preventive program. Interest for group information was low in this age group.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Earlier studies have shown that patients are dissatisfied with the information they receive from doctors and nurses. The purpose of this study was to analyze satisfaction with information and quality of life in patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy, considering the patient’s information preference. Data were collected during interviews with 30 consecutive patients undergoing chemotherapy for cancer. The subject of the interviews was the satisfaction of patients with the information they received, and additional measures used were the Miller Behavioral Styles Scale and EORTC-QLQ-30. The results showed that 21 of 30 patients were satisfied with the information they received from health care. Married patients or cohabitants were satisfied more often than single patients. No significant differences in quality of life could be found between satisfied and dissatisfied patients. Regarding information preferences, the dissatisfied patients reported more information-avoiding behavior than those who were satisfied. The results must be interpreted cautiously because of the study’s limitations, but one clinical implication can be stated: There is value in being aware of patients’ information-seeking/avoiding behavior before starting to inform them.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The information gained from the Human Genome Project and related genetic research will undoubtedly create significant changes in healthcare practice. It is becoming increasingly clear that nurses in all areas of clinical practice will require a fundamental understanding of basic genetics. This article provides the oncology nurse with an overview of basic genetic concepts, including inheritance patterns of single gene conditions, pedigree construction, chromosome aberrations, and the multifactorial basis underlying the common diseases of adulthood. Normal gene structure and function are be introduced and the biochemistry of genetic errors is described

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Physical activity was analyzed as a predictor of breast cancer in the Aerobic Center Longitudinal Study. The study sample included 4,520 healthy women, with 150 incident cases of breast cancer. The study sample was limited to women who did not have a diagnosis of breast cancer at initial entry to the Aerobic Center Longitudinal Study.Women in the study were predominantly from an upper-middle class, college-educated, Caucasian American group being evaluated at a world-famous fitness center. Women with and without breast cancer had similar reports for diet history, alcohol and tobacco use, body composition, and breast health history. Women with breast cancer were older and had an earlier menarche and later menopause.Logistic regression analysis of physical activity for women with and without breast cancer was performed controlling for age. Intensity and duration of physical activity were not predictors of breast cancer. Less frequency of jogging was a significant predictor of breast cancer among women in the sample, O.R. = 1.14,P= .04. Women who reported jogging as a type of activity were less likely to develop breast cancer than those who did not report jogging, O.R. = 2.32,P= 0.05.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Many people with cancer will experience pain when they are outside of structured care settings. Patients must provide their own self-care, drawing on instructions from healthcare providers and on independently developed plans for pain management. With growing interest in complementary therapies, the scope of nonpharmacologic interventions used by patients with cancer to manage pain may be very different than 10–15 years ago. The purpose of this study was to describe steps taken by patients with breast and gynecologic cancer to manage pain after discharge from a surgical hospitalization. A secondary analysis was completed using data from 34 women who participated in a randomized trial of guided imagery. Techniques used included positioning, distraction, relaxation, heat, and eating/drinking. Compared to results of previous studies, increased use of relaxation strategies (breathing, imagery, music, meditation) was noted in the current study. The majority of participants used nonpharmacologic strategies in addition to analgesic medications. Pain-related outcomes were similar among persons who used analgesic medications alone and those who used a combination of analgesics and nonpharmacologic strategies. Nurses may benefit from knowing which pain management strategies patients find helpful so that they can encourage their use and teach similar strategies to the patients who find them useful.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID