ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among perceived susceptibility, demographic variables, and use of sunscreen in health care providers, using the Health Belief Model Questionnaire. The sample consisted of 90 participants from the Southeast, ages 24 to 60 years. This sample included nurses, pharmacists, psychologists, nurse practitioners, and physicians. Demographics revealed that 63% had postgraduate or professional degrees, 91% were white, 88% were women, 4% had a family history of skin cancer, and 4% had a personal history of skin cancer. Participants at actual high risk and those at actual low risk reported appropriate perceived susceptibility scores. However, those whose actual risk was average, perceived their risk to be low. There was no significant relationship found between actual risk of developing skin cancer and use of sunscreen. There was a significant relationship between age and perceived susceptibility to skin cancer. The older the subject, the higher the perceived susceptibility. Health care providers have the ability to influence individuals to use sunscreen. Accurately perceived susceptibility to skin cancer will increase the likelihood of health care providers recommending sunscreen to their patients.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

AbstractCervical cancer is a significant health problem for Korean-American women. It currently is the number one female cancer diagnosed among women in South Korea. Despite this fact, Korean-American women have very low rates of cervical cancer screening. The purpose of this research were to gain an understanding of Korean women’s knowledge about cervical cancer, and to identify major barriers to early screening for cervical cancer and the motivators for prevention and early detection. It is hoped that the findings will guide the development of community-based cervical cancer education and screening programs for adult Korean-American women. The health belief model (HBM) provided the theoretical basis for the study. A qualitative study with eight focus groups (n= 102) was conducted using 11 questions derived from the HBM. Focus group discussions revealed that there was misinformation and a lack of knowledge about cervical cancer. The women therefore were confused about the causative factors and preventive strategies related to cervical cancer. The findings showed that major structural barriers were economic and time factors along with language problems. Many participants were recent immigrants with no medical insurance and long work hours. The main psychosocial barriers were fear/fatalism, denial, and Confucian thinking. Participants stated that medical advice and education would influence them most to undergo a Pap test. Recommendations were made to reduce certain barriers and to increase knowledge and motivations.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

AbstractWomen often have questions related to menopause and hormone replacement therapy (HRT). A brochure entitledUnderstanding Menopause and Beyondwas developed to address these issues. The purpose of this study was (a) to formally evaluate the relevance and utility of a brochure in understanding menopause and related health concerns and (b) to describe women’s information needs at menopause. This descriptive study was conducted using a self-administered survey with a convenience sample of 200 pre-, peri-, and postmenopausal women attending a cancer screening center. On the basis of survey results, the topics most likely to be discussed with a health care provider were the risks and benefits of HRT and bone mineral density testing. The topics most frequently cited in the brochure that women previously did not know or understand were the questions to ask and the information to share with a health care provider and the risk factors for osteoporosis. The most important and informative sections of the brochure were those describing the risk factors for osteoporosis, the questions to ask and the information to share with a health care provider, and the risks and benefits of HRT. It was concluded that women have information needs regarding menopause not only related to the potential cancer risks, but also about related health issues such as osteoporosis, cardiovascular health, and emotional health. Furthermore, a targeted brochure can be effective in addressing these information needs. Oncology nurses who provide cancer screening and education services frequently receive questions about the safety and efficacy of HRT and other questions related to menopause. They therefore are uniquely qualified to address these concerns with their patients.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

AbstractBefore establishing a cancer education program in South Western Sydney (SWS), a study was conducted to investigate the level of interest and presentation format preferred by patients with cancer and their relatives/friends regarding five types of cancer-related information: medical, psychological, and physical care issues as well as support services and available resources. A questionnaire using a Likert scale and open- and close-ended questions was distributed to the local cancer population and their families comprising a total sample size of 141. The results showed a uniformly high level of interest in learning about all five cancer-related topics with a preferred program format that consisted of a mixed media presentation of 1 to 6 weeks duration, consisting of 1- to 2-hour weekly sessions. A cancer education program based on the needs assessment findings was developed and implemented at Liverpool Hospital, which was positively evaluated by participants.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

AbstractBone marrow transplantation (BMT) is a unique cancer therapy characterized by its novelty, intensity, and toxicity. Although families have been identified as having a critical influence on patient adaptation during the acute phase of BMT, minimal attention has been paid to their experiences during extended survivorship. This article reviews findings from a descriptive study on quality of life in primary caregivers of adult autologous bone marrow transplantation (AuBMT) survivors after acute hospitalization. Caregiver perceptions of their survival are delineated in an effort to characterize the dynamics of family recovery after BMT. Specifically, caregivers of AuBMT survivors require ongoing assistance to maintain their primary support role after BMT.You want to share in everything they go through but you can only share in so much. He’s the one getting stuck, feeling the side effects, going through all this. All I can do is stand there and watch and try to pick up the pieces. For me, that’s very frustrating.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

AbstractThis study was conducted to identify the process and outcomes of empowerment as experienced by Hong Kong Chinese patients with cancer through participation in cancer self-help groups. The study involved in-depth individual interviews of self-help group members (n= 12) and participant observation of the group meetings over a period of 6 months. The empowered outcomes at a personal level included interconnectedness, confidence and hope, support and affirmation, and a feeling of usefulness. At a social level, expanded social network and opportunities to participate in more activities were reported. Collective efficacy also was demonstrated, although this happened only occasionally through participation in the group. One main theme that runs through the process of participation is empowerment among the members. On the basis of the efficacy demonstrated by self-help groups in this study, nurses should strongly consider referral of patients to such groups. Self-help groups serve as an important resource for patients with cancer in the Hong Kong Chinese community.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

AbstractIn this study, 131 Norwegian patients with recently diagnosed cancer completed the Nowotny Hope Scale (NHS). The NHS is composed of six subscales, and both global and subscale scores were assessed. Most of the patients were found to be hopeful or moderately hopeful. The variable with the single most positive contribution to hope was whether the patient lived alone. Younger people, in particular, experienced less hope when living alone. Gender, the time elapsed since diagnosis, and treatments had no observable effect on the global hope score. However, age, education level, and type of cancer was associated with particular domains of hope.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

AbstractThe aim of the study was to compare the effect of a gentian violet topical application with that of a moist dressing (hydrocolloid) on the rate and efficacy of radiotherapy-induced moist desquamation wound healing and the patients’ satisfaction level with each method. This prospective randomized clinical trial used a stratified sampling design. A sample of 39 patients with 60 wounds had their wounds assessed on alternate days in terms of several wound-healing parameters including wound size, wound pain, incidence of infection, and time required for healing. Patient satisfaction with each treatment was evaluated at the completion of the study. Gentian violet significantly decreased wound size and reduced wound pain. However, this treatment received significantly lower ratings for dressing comfort and dressing aesthetic acceptance. Nevertheless, the time required for healing was not statistically different in the two groups. These findings suggest that the lower score of dressing satisfaction level in the gentian violet group may result from the skin discoloration and drying effects of the treatment, which renders patients unable to move or stretch their skin. Although the aim is to have complete wound healing, this may not be realistic for many lesions such as radiotherapy-induced moist desquamation wounds. The best evidence on which to make decisions about individual care can now be based on patients’ own perception of quality.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID