摘要:

Head and neck cancers are complex diseases that require a multidisciplinary approach for optimal patient outcome. Presenting symptoms may vary from vague complaints to gross physical abnormalities. Life style choices and environmental factors are implicated in development of these diseases. Historically, surgery and radiation therapy have been the mainstays of treatment. More recently, chemotherapy has been added to the treatment regimen, with promising results in many cases. The nurse oncologist makes a significant contribution to the medical, social, and emotional aspects of treatment and rehabilitation. The nurse's role and nursing care of patients with cancers of the head and neck will be the focus of a second article.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Late effects studies entail time and effort both in patient assessment and data recording; however, the actual increase in workload is unknown. The primary objective of this study was to determine the difference in time required to conduct a late effects evaluation as compared to a routine follow-up evaluation. There were no significant differences between the two groups studied in length of time required for the physical examination and routine chart completion; however, when the total time needed included use of the late effects data capture form, a statistically significant difference between the means was found, with the late effects group requiring an average of 52.00 min of provider time, whereas the routine examination group required an average of 36.74 min of provider time, a difference of 14 min per visit. This study documents the need for additional time for only one aspect of patient care—periodic assessment. Further studies to document the additional time required in order to provide support and to educate patients and families and the community about the late effects of the treatment for cancer in childhood are required.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Radiation therapy as an adjuvant to surgery and as primary treatment is increasingly employed for rectal cancer. Radiation may be used as an adjunct to surgery for patients with bulky and/or fixed tumors and for patients at high risk for local recurrence. The technique of intracavitary radiation may be used as the primary treatment. In addition, intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) has been employed for patients with locally advanced disease. Treatment-related side effects vary in both type and severity and are dependent on the total dose of radiation delivered, the dose fractions, time interval between surgery and radiation, as well as the radiation technique used. An understanding of the rationale for the use of radiation therapy in the treatment of rectal cancer is basic to developing strategies for creative nursing interventions.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A regional collaborative research group, the Western Consortium for Cancer Nursing Research, conducted a partial replication of the Delphi survey that had established priorities for cancer nursing research in the United States. One hundred and forty-three practicing oncology nurses from the four western provinces participated in both rounds of the Canadian Delphi survey. The top-ranked priorities identified by this sample were essentially the same as those identified 10 years earlier by their American counterparts. The top-ranked topic with respect to patient welfare was “find ways to prevent and/or treat stomatitis from chemotherapy,” whereas the top-ranked topic with respect to nursing practice was “determine strategies for promoting morale and preventing burnout among nurses in oncology.” The method of analysis permitted identification of five combined priority topics to guide the development of cancer nursing research in western Canada. Literature reviews revealed that in four of the five combined priority topics, a scattered, single-study approach to research had limited the development of knowledge. The Consortium is committed to mounting a collaborative research program on one of the combined priority topics identified by oncology nurses in western Canada.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In the United States, an estimated 36,000 new cases of endometrial cancer were to be diagnosed in 1986 with 2900 deaths attributed to this disease (6). Cancer of the uterus itself accounts for approximately 13% of all cancers in women. The diagnosis of uterine cancer brings with it feelings of fear, mutilation, insults to self-esteem and sexuality, as well as feelings of depersonalization and loss of body image. The complexity of this illness dictates a special need for nurses, as members of the health care team, to provide compassionate, holistic and quality nursing care to these clients. This study of 30 participants (15 paired registered nurses and their clients) researches the relationship between the registered nurses' perception and the clients' perception of human need fulfillment alterations in the client with uterine cancer. Nursing's human need theory was the theoretical framework used in this study because of its appropriateness to the subject matter of human needs and in the alteration in fulfillment of human needs for the client with uterine cancer. The findings of this study revealed that the registered nurse sample perceived human need fulfillment alterations similarly to the client with uterine cancer. While there were no significant statistical differences in the two groups' individual rankings of human needs, two important trends were noted. Nurses as a group tended to rank physiological needs as of greatest importance for these 15 clients. In contrast, the 15 clients as a group rated emotional, spiritual, and psychosocial needs higher.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The purpose of this article is to report on an investigation of quality of life and its relationship to symptom distress, social dependency, behavior-morale, and life change. Sixty adults between the ages of 20 and 83 years with malignant melanoma were interviewed. A preliminary model and an empirical model were developed and tested. The reliability coefficient alphas ranged from 0.82 to 0.95 in scales used to measure each variable. Stepwise multiple regression analyses revealed statistically significant relationships among the major variables in the direction predicted. Findings lent support to the notion that human beings do realign their values, making cognitive adaptations when faced with a life-threatening disease.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID