摘要:

The purpose of this research was to identify nursing interventions that cancer patients' families find most and least helpful. These nursing interventions were identified in relation to three phases of living with cancer: an initial, an adaptation, and a terminal phase. The independent variable, phase of living with cancer, was manipulated by simulation measurement. A stratified random sample of 62 respondents was obtained using the telephone directory as a sampling frame. Each respondent answered questions based upon a vignette depicting a cancer patient in one of the three phases of living with cancer. Study results showed that respondents in all three phases consistently rated nursing interventions directed toward the patient as being most helpful vs. those directed at helping the family member cope. Interventions involving the nurse giving information were also rated high throughout all three phases. Results also showed that family members' needs were different in the various phases of the illness.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1988

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Personal factors have been found to be associated with variability in the self-report of pain intensity in the population in general, but have not been systematically evaluated in relation to treatment outcomes in cancer patients. In this small pilot study, pain relief associated with behavior therapy provided as much or more relief than patients expected, although the posttreatment report of pain intensity varied with the method of measurement. Patients reporting cancer-related pain were observed to report a distinctive pattern of illness behavior, including high denial, and an orientation to internal locus of control comparable to healthy adults. Issues for practice and research are identified

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1988

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

According to Lazarus and Folkman, coping responses to stressful situations are based upon one's appraisal of the meaning and implications of the stressor. This paper describes the changing appraisals of the significance of childhood leukemia, as described by family members who have lived with it for at least 5 years. Glaser and Strauss' grounded theory technique was used to analyze the transcripts from a series of intensive, semistructured interviews of the well siblings (n=10) and parents (n=7) of four long-term survivors of acute lymphocytic leukemia. The reappraisal process was found to involve a series of definite stages for both the well siblings and the parents, although there were some notable differences between the timing and content of the stages described by the two groups. Several factors affecting sibling understanding contributed toward these differences, as well as determining the variations noted among the well siblings' “reappraisal timelines.” Various theoretical and practical implications of these findings are presented

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1988

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to examine the predeath relationship between siblings as a variable relating to bereavement response in the surviving siblings following the death of a child from cancer. The findings derive from the analysis of data from two studies. The original project analyzed data obtained from 34 children 6 to 16 years of age, who were closest in age to a sibling who had died from cancer. The second study analyzed the data pertaining to all of the siblings in the same families. The data were obtained from the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist completed by the mothers and from a Closeness Index developed from interviews with the families. No significant differences were found between the behavior score means in the two samples, indicating that closeness in age was not related to behavior responses during bereavement. In both samples, there was a trend for scores on the Closeness Index to predict Internalizing Behavior. The Closeness Index, however, may not accurately measure the concept of emotional closeness between siblings, and it is this aspect of shared life space that the interview data suggest is of importance in sibling bereavement. Further examination of emotional closeness is warranted

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1988

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In the Netherlands, there are eight comprehensive cancer centers, whose main task is to optimize the treatment and supportive care of cancer patients in their region. Caring for cancer patients makes specific demands on the skills and knowledge of nurses. The IKA, the Comprehensive Cancer Center Amsterdam, set up a nursing consultancy service to promote professional skills and distribution of knowledge among the nursing staff of regional hospitals. This article explains how this was achieved and what the results are.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1988

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This was a retrospective descriptive study that examined the responses to the discovery of breast symptoms in women with breast cancer. All women were recruited from the American Cancer Society's Reach to Recovery program after having mastectomy for primary breast cancer. Interviews occurred in the homes of participants following a semistructured questionnaire. Sessions were tape-recorded and later transcribed. Seventy-five percent (15) of the women had self-discovered breast symptoms that included breast lumps, nipple retraction, nipple secretion, and unusual sensation. The symptoms of the remaining five women were other-discovered (three by physicians, one breast screening clinic, and one granddaughter). Responses to the discovery were categorized as “early help-seeking,” “wait and see,” “ignoring symptoms,” and “preparation for death.” The delay time between the discovery and first seeking professional help ranged from less than 1 week to over 7 years. There was additional treatment delay ranging from approximately 6 months to over 1 year for four of the women. There was a significant relationship found between older age and extended delay. No relationship was found between delay and personal knowledge of cancer effects or reported nodal involvement. There was also no relationship found between age and nodal involvement. Nursing implications and strategies are discussed.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1988

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Care of the patient with cancer of the hypopharynx is complex and challenging. The treatment is arduous and the outcome is generally poor. The following case study describes the psychodynamics of treatment for one young man with this disease. His clinical and psychosocial background is reviewed for analysis. The concepts of stress and coping are used as the basis of nursing intervention. The focus of care is on the physical problems and emotional reactions that this patient experienced. Finally, general principles of nursing management are presented: provision of appropriate and consistent teaching, assistance with adjustment to altered body image and functional impairment, rehabilitation with emphasis on self-care, and realistic goal setting

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1988

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1988

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1988

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1988

数据来源: OVID