摘要:

The safety and efficacy of two birch pollen extracts, one chemically conjugated to alginate (Anjuvac®) the other adsorbed to aluminium hydroxide (Alutard®), were investigated in an open multicentre comparative study of 63 birch pollen allergic patients. Both extracts decreased the nasal symptoms during the birch pollen season. The changes in specific IgE and IgG were much the same in both treatment groups. The adverse reactions recorded were mild in both groups, but more frequent in the Anjtivac group, probably because of a more aggressive dose schedule though there were twice as many asthmatics in the Anjuvac group. The two investigated allergen extracts were useful alternatives for immunotherap

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1990.tb00491.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Slow‐reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS‐A) is an important factor mediating bronchoconstriction in asthma. We developed a guinea pig model for SRS‐A mediated bronchoconstriction induced by antigen inhalation. Using this model, we investigated the effect of inhaled WP871, a new anti‐allergic drug, on bronchoconstriction. Aerosol WP871 (0.01 and 0.033%) to some extent inhibited the antigen‐induced bronchoconstriction in a dose‐dependent fashion, but high‐dose WP871 (0.1%) inhalation itself produced a non‐specific bronchoconstriction. However, aerosol WP871 (0.033%) showed no inhibitory effect on bronchoconstriction caused by direct inhalation of leukotriene C4, a component of SRS‐A. These findings indicate that aerosol WP871 does not antagonize SRS‐A, but inhibits synthesis and/or release of SRS‐A and has some non‐specific bronchoconstrictive effec

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1990.tb00492.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This multicentre, double‐blind, randomized parallel‐group study compared 3 weeks' treatment with either loratadine (Clarityn®) 10 mg once daily, or clemastine (Tavegyl®) 1 mg twice daily, and placebo in outpatients with active perennial allergic rhinitis. 155 patients were evaluated for efficacy and safety. Grading of four nasal and three non‐nasal symptoms, rhinoscopy signs, and therapeutic response was performed on treatment days 6, 13, and 20. Patients recorded daily symptoms and possible adverse experiences in a diary, also indicating when symptoms of active rhinitis were relieved. Loratadine and clemastine were statistically significantly superior to placebo throughout the study (P<0.05), based on assessment of patients' nasal and eye symptoms, patients' diary scores, rhinoscopy signs of symptoms, and onset of relief. The loratadine group showed a statistically significantly (P<0.05) faster onset of relief of symptoms compared with the group treated with clemastine. Concerning nasal stuffiness, loratadine was significantly (P<0.05) superior to clemastine after 1 week's treatment. Reports of adverse reactions showed that significantly (P<0.03) more patients complained of sedation in the clemastine than in the loratadine group. Regarding other adverse experiences and laboratory tests, the three treatment groups were statistically comparable (P<0.05). The study showed that compared with placebo both loratadine and clemastine were effective in relieving nasal and eye symptoms in patients with perennial allergic rhinitis. Loratadine was safe and well tolerated and was significantly less sedative than clemastine; loratadine may therefore possess an advantage in clinical use in the treatment of perennial allergic r

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1990.tb00493.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Rat mast cell granules were obtained by homogenization of highly purified rat mast cells and isolated in a Percoll gradient. Diphosphoinositide (DPI) synthesis in rat mast cell granules was assayed by measuring the incorporation of32P from [y32P] ATP into DPI in the absence of exogenous phosphatidylinositol (PI). Lipids were isolated with methanol/ chloroform/HCl and were separated by thin‐layer chromatography on oxalic acid impregnated silica gel plates. DPI areas were identified by staining with iodine, scraped and measured for32P radioactivity. The addition of polyamines, spermine and spermidine, to the granules caused an increase of DPI synthesis, which can be catalyzed by PI kinase. This effect of polyamines in the DPI synthesis was in a dose‐dependent manner and maximal effects were observed at 1 mM spermine and 10 mM spermidine, respectiv

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1990.tb00494.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Forty‐seven patients with allergic bronchial asthma were challenged with the relevant allergen. Forty‐eight per cent of the provocations resulted in a positive immediate reaction followed by a late bronchial response. Late bronchial obstruction was more common among patients with a high than with a low RAST score. Ten patients were challenged with different allergens on two different occasions, but the same type of bronchial response was observed in only six of them. Nine patients with an isolated immediate response were rechallenged with higher allergen doses, the early bronchial response being partially counteracted by terbutaline inhalations in clinically appropriate doses before and during the inhalation of allergen. The treatment alleviated the early reaction in six of the patients. A late reaction occurred in all patients with an immediate response. The non‐specific bronchial reactivity to methacholine was assessed in 24 patients before allergen challenge. No relation was found between this reactivity and the observed patterns of reactions to allergen. It was concluded that the occurrence of a late bronchial response probably depends on the dose of allergen administered but is independent of the degree of unspecific bronchial responsiveness to methacholine prior to the chal

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1990.tb00495.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A number of techniques for the enumeration and identification of viable mould propagules in the indoor air of houses were evaluated in order to document to what extent different results are obtained when different methods are used. A comparison was made between the results obtained with five commercially available air sampling devices (Slit‐to agar sampler, N6‐Andersen sampler, Surface Air System sampler, Reuter Centrifugal Air sampler. Gelatine Filter sampler) and a non‐volumetric sampler (the Open Petri Dish), in combination with four culture media (malt extract agar, dichloran glycerol‐18 agar, oxytetracycline glucose yeast extract agar and dichloran rose bengal chloramphenicol agar). The coefficients of variation were high (generally<20%) for all combinations. Statistical analysis showed that the Slit sampler and the N6‐Andersen sampler in combination with DG18 and MEA gave the best precision and the highest yield in terms of colony forming units per square cubic meter of air (CFU/m3) and number of species

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1990.tb00496.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The efficiency of the new screening tests for atopy, Phadiatop® and CAP Phadiatop®, was studied by comparing their results with a clinical diagnosis of atopy in 100 consecutive adults with asthma and/or rhinitis. Further, the diagnostic efficiency of a combination of Phadiatop and a few standardized questions was studied. The Phadiatop was found to have a specificity of 0.98, and a sensitivity of 0.92 and the CAP Phadiatop a specificity of 0.94 and a sensitivity of 0.96. When the Phadiatop was combined with a few questions, a sensitivity of 1.00 was achieved. It is concluded that Phadiatop and CAP Phadiatop have a higher diagnostic precision than other hitherto used methods for screening of atopic allergy. The place of Phadiatop in a diagnostic flow chart is suggeste

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1990.tb00497.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Precipitating antibodies against pigeon bloom antigen and pigeon serum were evaluated as a measure of pigeon exposure in 62 male pigeon breeders compared with 40 unexposed control subjects. We found a combination of highly antigenic bloom extract and a sensitive counter current immunoelectrophoresis suitable for clinical estimation of pigeon exposure. The sensitivity of the test was 86% in never‐smokers and 73% in smokers at the 98% specificity level. Smoking significantly reduced the humoral immune response to both antigen

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1990.tb00498.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A survey of airborne pollen grains from four zones of metropolitan Delhi was conducted for 1 year (February 1988‐January 1989) at human height level (5′‐6′). Sampling was carried out in different inhabited areas in the four zones using Burkard Volumetric Personal Samplers. Sampling was carried out at weekly intervals, three times a day (7, 14,&20 h) for 15 min. Poaceae,Ricinus, Cheno‐Amaranth,Moms, Artemisia, Myrtaceae,Parthenium, Prosopis and Cannabisare important pollen contributors to the atmosphere, especially at lower heights. In general, pollen concentration was low at human height. Quantitative zonal variations have been recorded within an u

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1990.tb00499.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Solutions of casein are usually sprayed over the leather in the final stage of tanning. We present the result of a thorough investigation of an a topic tannery worker with occupational asthma. Data from clinical record and metacholine challenges support the occupational source of the patient's symptoms, and positive bronchial challenge with casein clearly defines it as the specific aetiological agent. The presence of specific IgE suggests a hypersensitivity type I mechanism. In the tanning process chromium salts, paraphenyl‐endiamine and formaldehyde have all been included as specific aetiological agents of asthma, but occupational asthma induced by inhalation of casein has not previously been reporte

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1990.tb00500.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY