ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1996.tb04678.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1996.tb04679.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

IgE‐binding components in an extract of horse dander were analyzed, especially with regard to the glycoprotein allergens. After SDS‐PAGE under reducing conditions and blotting, several of the glycoprotein IgE‐binding components, including two distinct bands of 27 and 31 kDa, were detected. Together with several other bands, they were shown to bind to the lectinsSambucus nigraagglutinin (SNA) andDatura stramoniumagglutinin (DSA), indicating terminal sialic acid linked α2→6 to galactose, and galactose linked β1→ 4 to N‐acetylglucosamine, respectively. Carbohydrate analysis after SDS‐PAGE and blotting showed the presence of mannose, galactose,N‐acetylglucosamine, andN‐acetyl neuraminic acid in the 27‐kDa band. The 14.4‐kDa glycoprotein component lost its IgE‐binding activity after periodate oxidation. Minor differences in allergenic activity in the other glycoprotein allergenic components were also detected, indicating that the carbohydrate part of the molecule seems to play a role in the IgE‐binding activity. Two‐dimensional electrophoresis and subsequent immunoblotting were performed to estimate the approximate number, molecular mass, and pI of IgE‐binding components. This resulted in a cluster of such

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1996.tb04680.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Mast cells in the nasal mucosa can be studied by means of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against tryptase (T+MC) and chymase (C+MC). Fixation with acetone gives more positive cells than does fixation with Carnoy's fluid. In frozen biopsy specimens of allergic nasal mucosa fixed with acetone, the number of T+MC equals that of C+MC. When fixed with Carnoy's fluid, however, the number of T+MC is larger than the number of C+MC. The decrease in both T+MC and C+MC resulting from fixation with Carnoy's fluid is time‐related and depends on the type of mAb used. Carnoy fixation time gives a decrease in the number of C+MC within 1 min, whereas the number of T+MC decreases only after 10 min. Within 1 min, the number of C+MC decreases to a level where continued fixation no longer gives further decreases in the number of cells. Two populations of mast cells can be distinguished here: one sensitive and the other insensitive to Carnoy's fluid. When double‐staining is used, fixation with acetone gives three populations of mast cells: one positive for tryptase (T+C‐MC), another positive for tryptase and chymase (T+C+MC), and a third one positive for chymase (T‐C+MC). These three populations were found in lymph node, spleen, thymus, dermis, lung parenchyma, small intestinal submucosa, and nasal

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1996.tb04681.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The immunodominant regions of the Japanese cedar pollen allergen Cry j 2 for T‐cell immunity were determined with whole peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) derived from seven allergic patients and three nonallergic subjects. Cry j 2‐stimulated T‐cell proliferation was inhibited by anti‐HLA‐DR. but not by anti‐HLA‐DQ antibody, indicating that the responding T cells recognized the allergen peptides associated with HLA‐DR molecules. It was found that seven regions of Cry j 2, i.e., regions corresponding to amino acid numbers 1–26, 70–84, 151–167. 187–203, 252–279, 283–314, and 345–362, were immunodominant for T‐cell proliferation. Thus, Cry j 2 bears a limited number of immunodominant regions despite polymorphic features of HLA‐DR in the immune system. This suggests the possibility of molecularly designing Cry j 2 antagonists that could downregulate allergic r

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1996.tb04682.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We investigated the levels of mite allergens (Der p 1, Der f 1, Der 2, and Lep d 1) in dust samples from the homes of 59 patients with asthma, 36 sensitized to house‐dust mites (HDM) and 23 to grass pollen (controls), living in Porto, northern Portugal. The relationship between exposure and sensitization to HDM and the influence of housing conditions on mite‐allergen levels were also evaluated. Der p 1 (median 9.2 μg/g) and Der 2 (4.6 μg/g) were the main allergens, while Der f 1 and Lep d 1 levels were always2 μg/g and their homes contained significantly higher levels of Der p 1 (median 12.5 vs 6.4 μg/g;P=0.008) and Der 2 (6.2 vs 3.0 μg/g; f=0.004) when compared to the control group. A significant correlation was observed between the exposure to Der p 1 and the wheal area at skin testing with theDermatophagoides pteronyssinus(Dp) extract (P=0.01) as well as with serum specific IgE levels to Dp (P=0.03). Patients with higher levels of serum specific IgE (≥17.5 HRU/ml) were also more frequently exposed to Der p 1 levels ≥10 μg/g (P=0.002). Old homes, presence of carpets, and signs of dampness were conditions associated with significantly higher levels of mite allergens. In conclusion, we found high levels of Der p 1 and Der 2 particularly in the homes of HDM‐sensitized patients and we confirm the relationship between exposure and sensitization to HDM, assessed by bothin vivoandin vitromethods. In addition to a favorable outdoor climate, we found in our region housing conditions propitious to mite growth, suggesting that specific geographic characteristics must also be taken into account for the correct planning of mite

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1996.tb04683.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The objective of the present study was to investigate the potential of the long‐acting p‐aonist salmeterol as an inhibitor of various components of IgE‐mediated inflammation in man. For this purpose, we measured gross skin reactivity (diameters of wheal and flare reaction [WFR] and late cutaneous reaction [LCR]) as well as inflammatory cells, mediators, and protein in cutaneous suction blister chambers in eight subjects with allergic rhinitis. Blisters were induced, two on each forearm, by gentle suction and heating, and were unroofed 12 h later, after which plastic chambers were placed over the denuded area. The chambers were challenged for 2 h with antihuman IgE (titer 1:10) in the presence and absence of salmeterol or terbutaline. Normal goat IgG served as negative control. Chamber fluids were removed hourly for the first 4 h, and this was followed by a 4‐h incubation before final collection. Salmeterol (10‐6M) and terbutaline (10‐5M) injected intradermally 30 min before, as well as together with anti‐IgE (titer 1:100), inhibited the WFRs by up to 30%. The effect of salmeterol on the ensuing LCR (75% inhibition at 24 h) tended to be more pronounced than the corresponding inhibition by terbutaline. Both salmeterol and terbutaline very effectively inhibited the anti‐IgE‐induced extravasation of α2‐macroglobulin into skin chambers, with a significantly more sustained effect by salmeterol. Interestingly, only terbutaline reduced the histamine release evoked by anti‐IgE. With the present experimental design, where both drugs were washed out from the chambers after 2 h, neither drug inhibited recruitment of leukocytes (including eosinophils). Taken together, salmeterol had a more sustained inhibitory effect than terbutaline on indices of IgE‐mediated edema formation (late induration and plasma protein extravasation). On the other hand, under the present experimental conditions, salmeterol failed to reduce the histamine release (in contrast to terbutaline), and neither salmeterol nor terbutaline affected the r

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1996.tb04684.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We describe a subject with occupational asthma caused by several aromatic herbs: thyme, rosemary, bay leaf, and garlic. The diagnosis was confirmed by specific inhalation challenges in the laboratory. Although immediate skin reactivity was demonstrated to the herbs the subject reacted to by inhalation, RAST showed that garlic was the most potent allergen by weight, the other herbs showing less reactivity. These aromatic herbs, bay leaf, thyme, and rosemary, should be included among agents causing occupational asthma in the food industry.

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1996.tb04685.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The development of mast cells from bone marrow precursors and their function as the mucosal‐ or connective‐tissue‐type mast cell are critically dependent on microenvironmental factors. Extracellular matrix proteins, such as collagen, fibronectin, and laminin, may represent insoluble components of the microcnvironment. Recent studies have describcd multiple isoforms of laminin isolated from different tissues. In the present study, adhesion of mouse bone marrow‐derived mast cells (BMMC) and long‐term mast cell lines to Engclbreth‐Holm‐Swarm (EHS) tumor laminin, rat laminin. human merosin, and human placental laminin was compared. The greatest level of adhesion was found with human laminin as the substrate. By use of a newly prepared mouse VLA‐α6 integrin‐specific mAb (MA6) together with the previously described mAb GoH3, VLA‐6 (α6β1) integrin was found to be expressed and utilized by BMMC and long‐term mast cell lines. VLA‐6 has been described as a major laminin receptor with roles in diverse cell functions including cell growth and differentiation. BMMC have been shown to express a 32/67‐kDa laminin receptor.Therefore, in addition to the 32/67‐kDa laminin receptor described in early studies, BMMC also express VLA‐6 integrin, which may have roles in the

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1996.tb04686.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1996.tb04687.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY