摘要:

Two hundred and seventy patients with asthma and/or rhinitis (162 or 60% allergic, 108 or 40 % non‐allergic) were studied for sinus pathology by means of standard X‐rays and tomograms. Sinus pathology was defined as abnormal sinus X‐rays, either on standard or tomography. Fifty‐four percent of the X‐rays were classified as abnormal based on mucosal thickening, loss of translucency of the cavities or polyps. Asthma was significantly more often associated with sinus X‐ray abnormalities (65.1 %) than rhinitis and/or chronic cough (44.4%). Loss of translucency of the cavities is more frequent in children, whereas mucosa thickening becomes more frequent with progressing age. Since in this prospective study the taking of X‐rays of the sinuses was not dependent on or related to temporarily occurring symptoms which could be attributed to acute sinusitis, the presence of sinus abnormalities on X‐rays can be considered as an indicator of the chronicity of airways diseases and might provide an indication for prophylactic therapy of the associated airway disease in a continuous way. The importance of sinus tomograms is stressed, since only 32.5% of the patients with mucosa thickening could be detected on

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1986.tb00306.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

IgE‐receptor dependent, but not A23187‐induced, histamine release from passively sensitized chopped human lung tissue, or from a dispersed lung cell population obtained from the tissue after enzymatic digestion, is reduced after incubation overnight of cells/tissue with the glucocorticosteroid budesonide (10‐7M). Since the inhibitory effect of budesonide is reduced in the continuous presence of diluted reagin‐rich serum used for passive sensitization, but not in the presence of heat‐inactivated serum, it is suggested that the glucocorticosteroid acts by reducing the binding of IgE‐antibody to the tar

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1986.tb00307.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

With the conventional, discrete RAST various tests are required to detect IgE of different specificities in the same serum. To overcome this problem and to reduce the costs, a multiple RAST with seven different mixtures was compared with the individual mixture constituents and with the 12 individual allergens currently in use in our department. One grass pollen mixture (gx3), two weed pollen mixtures (wx3, wx4), two tree pollen mixtures (tx5, tx6), one mould mixture (mx1) and one epithelial mixture (ex1) were used. A mixture of mites was not evaluated as there is only one important pathogenic organism in our regions (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinusor House dust mite). For grasses the gx3 mixture offered no advantage over the discrete RAST. The weed mixture wx3 was more sensitive than the most common discrete RAST's but at the cost of specificity. The wx4 mixture should not be used because the specificity is too low. The tree mixtures were not significantly more sensitive than the most common individual tree allergens, and were less specific. Mould mixtures should not be used because there is little cross‐reactivity between the individual allergens, thus using a mixture would necessitate the subsequent determination of individual allergens, and the number of tests and the cost would be even higher. Neither should a mixture be used for epithelia because one wants to detect allergies to individual allergens. Moreover, the sensitivity of the epithelial mixture was too low. In general, we suggest the use of a limited panel of discrete RAST's instead of mixture

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1986.tb00308.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effects of 5 mg slow‐release terbutaline sulphate tablets (Bricanyl® Depot) given twice daily were compared with those of ordinary oral β‐agonist treatment given three times daily. The study was open, randomized and cross‐over and was carried out over 8 weeks in 18 children with bronchial asthma. Compared with ordinary medication, the slow‐release tablets obtained higher morning expiratory peak flow values and an improvement in the asthma symptoms during the night and during exercise (P>0.05). No differences were found in side effects in spite of a higher total daily dose during the period with terbutaline slow‐release tablets. The slow‐release tablets were preferred by 15 of 18 children and their families when the effects, side effects and dosage w

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1986.tb00309.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Daily sensitization with ovalbumin (OA) and dog serum albumin (DSA) without adjuvant was performed in rats for 2‐week periods. When the antigen was administered subcutaneously (s.c.), antibody responses were induced, as assessed in serum and bronchial lavage, and strong increases in transpulmonary pressure (TPP) after intravenous (i.v.) challenge with antigen. Sensitization without adjuvant with antigen as aerosol for similar periods also evoked pronounced antibody formation, although only weak increases of TPP were seen after challenge. Animals sensitized s.c. with OA and simultaneously exposed to OA as aerosol exhibited suppression of the TPP increase after challenge, whereas the antibody responses were not affected to any great extent. In contrast, the increase of TPP after challenge in animals similarly sensitized s.c. with DSA were not suppressed by OA given simultaneously as aerosol or vice vers

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1986.tb00310.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Twenty‐four adult asthmatics with autumnal asthma and positive bronchial provocation test to the mould speciesCladosporiumwere evaluated by daily symptom scores during 11 weeks in the peak mould spore season. A significant association with fluctuation inCladosporiumspore count was found regarding the relative weekly symptom score (mean of subjective asthma and peak flow scores), relative use of antiasthmatic medication and the combined (total) score (mean of symptom and medication scores). The median weekly symptom, medication, and total scores were positively correlated toCladosporiumspore count, but only significantly so in the medication score. Eighteen patients were allergic to bothCladosporiumandAlternaria, but asthma symptoms were not associated toAlternariaspore counts; on the contrary, a negative correlation indicated thatAlternariaonly played a minor role in eliciting asthma. Neither mugwort nor house dust mites seemed to be of importance. The results of diagnostic tests (bronchial provocation test, quantitative skin prick test, RAST and histamine release) were correlated to the mean absolute symptom score of the spore season. The highest correlation to asthma score, peak flow score, medication score, and the combined score was found with the bronchial provocation test. The data indicate that autumnal asthma, to a high degree, is elicited byCladosporiumspores, and further, that the specific allergic diagnosis can only be established by a combination of positive diagnostic tests and careful recording of symptoms elicited by the causative allerge

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1986.tb00311.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In a representative cohort of 55 asthmatic schoolchildren the progress of the allergyper sewas followed up prospectively for 8 years. Judged by clinical data, skin prick tests and RAST, a large majority of the children retained their allergies to pollen and animal danders. These allergens were predominant, whereas allergy to mites and moulds was less frequent. Serum IgE levels showed a strong tendency to remain high. Positive RAST and skin prick tests were also found in a substantial number of children with normal serum IgE concentrations.

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1986.tb00312.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

During 3 years of immunotherapy with tree pollen extracts, 31 patients were provoked annually. Changes in nasal reactivity were followed by registration of expiratory nasal peak flow, number of sneezes, and amount of secretion. The reproducibility of the peak flow measurements was studied. The results from all three parameters were used to form a total nasal provocation score which, better than each parameter separately, could demonstrate the variation in sensitivity. Provocation with an allergen concentration of 1 HEP was the most effective means of showing changes in specific sensitivity of nasal mucosa.

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1986.tb00313.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An improved skin window chamber technique has been developed and used for a quantitative study of the chemotactic effect of leukotriene B4(LTB4). LTB4(0.5 μM) was exposed to a skin window on the forearm of eight healthy volunteers, while phosphate buffered saline served as control in a skin window on the other forearm. Skin window exudates and samples of blood draining the skin window areas were collected after 1, 2, 4, 8, and 24 h. The samples were quantitated for the different types of leukocytes as well as the intra‐ and extracellular concentration of the eosinophilic cationic protein and lactoferrin as markers of eosinophil and neutrophil granulocytes. A significantly increased migration of neutrophil granulocytes into the skin window chamber containing LTB4was found from the 2nd to the 8th hour after the initial LTB4exposure. The eosinophils reached a significant peak at the 4th hour. The rise in the actual number of eosinophil cells did not reach significance, whereas measurements of the eosinophilic cationic protein in the cellular fraction of the exudate exhibited a significant increase as a reflection of the number of eosinophils. This highlights the potential clinical value of eosinophilic cationic protein measurements to reveal eosinophilic instead of the traditional eosinophil counts. Extracellular eosinophilic cationic protein and lactoferrin did not change significantly in the LTB4‐exposed skin window, implying that LTB4does not activate the eosinophils and neutrophils to exocytosis of their enzymes. The presentin vivoresults support the concept of LTR4being a potent chemoattractant to neutrophil and less so to eosinophil granulocytes in humans, a chemoattractant that recruits the leukocytes but does not seem to activate

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1986.tb00314.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

To assess allergen‐reducing effect of dust collection from mattresses, patients were asked to vacuum clean the entire surface of their mattresses for 5 min with their household cleaners at specified intervals ranging from 1‐21 days. Ten patients performed four collections, nine patients only two. Amounts of dust, concentrations and amounts of major allergens fromDermatophagoides pteronyssinus(Dp42),Dermatophagoides microceras(Dm6), andDermatophagoides farinae(Df6) were determined. The first sampling caused a statistically significant reduction in the absolute amounts of allergens in a following sample. The same tendency was seen in dust weight but not in concentrations of allergens. At intervals of 1 or 3 weeks no consistent changes could be registered. Differences were small and good reproducibility of the sampling and analysing procedure could be assumed. Since the self‐administered procedure is much cheaper and easier to handle than sampling done by technicians with special equipment, it can be recommended for sequential analysis of allergen exp

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1986.tb00315.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY