ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1994.tb02271.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1994.tb02272.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Fifty‐eight patients with well‐documented history of seasonal rhinoconjunctivitis caused by grass pollens were allocated randomly on a double‐blind basis to receive either sublingual therapy with a solution of purified, standardized allergen preparation (Stallergenes) or a matched placebo for 17 weeks. The assessment of the effect of oral immunotherapy, done with drops of five‐grass allergen extract, was on the clinical symptoms and on the medication score of the authorized rescue treatments. The actively treated patients had significantly (P<0.05 to P<0.01) fewer symptoms of rhinitis (sneezing and rhinorrhea) and of conjunctivitis (redness and tears) during the pollen season than the placebo group. Consumption of nasal solution of sodium cromoglycate and of betamethasone and dexchlorpheniramine was significantly less in the desensitized group (P<0.01). Side‐effects were negligible. This study concludes that perlingual immunotherapy with grass pollen extract in grass‐pollen‐sensitive seasonal hay fever and conjunctivitis patients is effective, easy to perform, inexpens

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1994.tb02273.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Reproducible, exercise‐induced anaphylactic reactions occur in some patients only after certain foods have been eaten before exercise. We describe a patient in whom hazelnuts were a triggering factor for exercise‐induced anaphylaxis. Skin tests and RAST were positive for nuts and grass and weed pollen. The exercise challenge test after hazelnut ingestion was positive. Food hypersensitivity should be investigated in all cases of exercise‐induced anaphy

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1994.tb02274.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A large group of patients with suspected allergic reactions to (β‐lactam antibiotics was evaluated. A detailed clinical history, together with skin tests, RAST (radioallergosorbent test), and controlled challenge tests, was used to establish whether patients allergic to β‐lactam antibiotics had selective immediate allergic responses to amoxicillin (AX) or were cross‐reacting with other penicillin derivatives. Skin tests were performed with benzylpenicilloyl‐poly‐L‐lysine (BPO‐PLL), benzylpenicilloate, benzylpenicillin (PG), ampicillin (AMP), and AX. RAST for BPO‐PLL and AX‐PLL was done. When both skin test and RAST for BPO were negative, single‐blind, placebo‐controlled challenge tests were done to ensure tolerance of PG or sensitivity to AX. A total of 177 patients were diagnosed as allergic to β‐lactam antibiotics. We selected the 54 (30.5%) cases of immediate AX allergy with good tolerance of PG. Anaphylaxis was seen in 37 patients (69%), the other 17 (31%) having urticaria and/or angioedema. All the patients were skin test negative to BPO; 49 of 51 (96%) were also negative to MDM, and 44 of 46 (96%) to PG. Skin tests with AX were positive in 34 (63%) patients. RAST was positive for AX in 22 patients (41%) and to BPO in just 5 (9%). None of the sera with negative RAST for AX were positive to BPO. Challenge tests with AX were performed in 23 subjects (43%) to establish the diagnosis of immediate allergic reaction to AX, and in 15 cases (28%) both skin test and RAST for AX were negative. PG was well tolerated by all 54 patients. We describe the largest group of AX‐allergic patients who have tolerated PG reported so far. Diagnosis of these patients can be achieved only if specific AX‐related reagents are employed. Further studies are necessary to determine the exact extent of this problem and to improve the

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1994.tb02275.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A distribution‐analyzing latex immunoassay (DALIA), based on the agglutination of latex particles coupled with mite or wheat allergen, was developed to determine allergen‐specific IgG in human sera. The immune complex between chemically coupled‐allergen latex and specific IgG was agglutinated specifically and efficiently by employing an IgM‐type monoclonal second antibody with strong amplification activity. The extent of agglutination was evaluated by determining the relative ratio of volumes (RV) of agglutinates to residual nonagglutinating particles with a particle counter. This method exhibited a high sensitivity (detection limit ≤ 5 munits/ml) in the determination of allergen‐specific IgG, and no influence of inhibitory factors such as competitive antibodies (specific‐IgA, ‐IgM) and nonspecific IgG (≤320 mg/ml) was observed. The concentrations of specific IgG against mite allergen in the sera of 130 allergy patients with atopic dermatitis and 52 normal subjects were 22.3 ± 12.3 and 16.5 ±4.2 units/ml, respectively, and the concentrations of specific IgG against wheat allergen in the same two groups were 5.4 ± 4.2 and 2.1 ± 2.2 units/ml, respectively. The coefficients of variation of intra‐ and interassay ranged from 3.4% to 11.2% in both cases. The present method is an excellent homogeneous immunoassay which may be used as a routine assay that can measure 50 samples per hour

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1994.tb02276.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Allergenic cross‐reactivity among threeFusariumspecies(F. solani, F. equiseti,and F.moniliforme)was determined by crossed immunoelectrophoresis (CIE), ELISA inhibition, and immunoprint‐inhibition analysis. Inhibiting immunoprint was used to assess the cross‐reactivity of individual allergenic proteins in culture filtrate (CF), separated on SDS‐PAGE. Dose‐response inhibition of band 14 kDa in immunoprints of F.solaniCF by antigens of F.solaniCF, F.equisetiCF, andF. moniliformeCF demonstrated significant cross‐reactivity of allergenic proteins on analysis of densitometric scans. CIE and ELISA inhibition using hyperimmune sera raised in rabbits againstF. solaniCF antigen also demonstrated shared antigenicity amongFusariumspecies. Collectively, this study revealed the presence of shared as well as unique antigenic and allergenic determinants in F.solaniCF,F. equisetiCF, andF. moniliforme

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1994.tb02277.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A 17‐year‐old man was occupationally exposed to pyromellitic acid dianhydride dust during the production of epoxy resin in a chemical factory. He was clinically diagnosed as having acute hemorrhagic alveolitis associated with anemia. The serologic analysis revealed a high concentration of IgG antibodies against pyromellitic acid dianhydride‐treated human serum albumin (PMDA‐HSA). Immunoblotting with PMDA‐treated human serum as antigen and the patient's serum as the first antibody showed that additional PMDA‐modified serum proteins other than HSA were recognized by the patient's IgG antibodies in the higher mol. mass range (>67 kDa). No specific IgG could be detected against other anhydride conjugates (maleic acid, MA; phthalic acid, PA) with the exception of a reaction with the trimellitic acid anhydride‐conjugated HSA (TMA‐HSA). No specific IgE antibodies could be detected against any of the above mentioned antigens, but immunoblotting of the patient's serum indicated IgG 4‐type autoantibodies againstin vitroPMDA‐treated Ig molecules of no

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1994.tb02278.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In this study, three immunologic tests, skin prick test, RAST, and basophil histamine‐release test (BHRT), were compared by provocation in the diagnosis of occupational asthma and rhinitis. Twenty‐three positive bronchial or nasal challenges were performed on 16 patients (six farmers, six bakery workers, and four food industry workers) and asthma or rhinitis was diagnosed as caused by cereal flour or grain, cow epithelium, storage mites, garlic, or soy dust. A control group consisted of 12 patients, of whom four (two bakery workers, one food industry worker, and one farmer) were challenge‐negative, and the rest suffered from pollen allergy and seasonal rhinitis and were not challenged. The sensitivity and specificity of the prick test, RAST, BHRT, and a panel of them were as follows: 74 and 89%, 57 and 86%, 78 and 93%, and 91 and 71%, respectively. The overall concordance among these three type I allergy tests or between immunologic tests and challenge was relatively

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1994.tb02279.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We have recently shown that the number of peripheral allergen‐specific T cells can, in part, predict, together with methacholine hyperresponsiveness, the bronchial response to inhaled allergen in asthmatic patients. This study was designed to explore the role of blood B cells committed to produce allergen‐specific IgE in asthma. Twenty‐three asthmatic patients sensitized toDermatophagoides pteronyssinusand 11 control subjects were studied. Peripheral blood B cells, committed to produce allergen‐specific IgE, were enumerated by limiting dilution microcultures of Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV)‐transformed B cells. An allergen inhalation challenge was performed in all asthmatic subjects. No difference was found in the frequency of B cells committed to produce allergen‐specific IgE either between asthmatic patients and controls or between asthmatic patients with or without late‐phase bronchial response to allergen. No correlation was found between the frequency of B cells committed to produce allergen‐specific IgE and the bronchial response to the allergen inhalation challenge. We conclude that, in quantitative terms, peripheral allergen‐specific B cells are not as relevant as T cells to the development of the asthmatic response in the model

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1994.tb02280.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY