摘要:

Adverse reactions to intravascular administration of contrast media, while low in incidence, merit serious consideration in view of increased utilization of these substances all over the world. Evidence for involvement of soluble mediators, antibody‐antigen reactions, psycho‐genie factors, and the acute activation systems, is reviewed. As a group, the pre‐contrast challenge plasmas of reactors are characterized by slightly diminished concentrations of C≲‐esterase inhibitor and total hemolytic complement, and by an accelerated rate of conversion of prekallikrein to kallikrein on exposure to contact activators. The role of intravenous pretesting and pretreatment is considered. A rationale for pretreatment with adrenocorticosteroids is

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1981.tb01840.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The prevalence rate of allergic rhinitis and the consultation rate caused by this disease were studied in 131 general practices covering a population of 450,000 persons in Denmark. During a 1‐year period starting June 1977 all consultations with or without symptoms were recorded.Allergic rhinitis was defined as paroxysmal sneezing and rhinorrhoea with or without conjunctivitis, and without signs of infection.Results are presented from three groups of practices classified by self‐estimated completeness of reporting. 11–15 per thousand of the total population contacted a practice during the 1‐year period (males: 12–17%, females: 10–13%). The highest prevalence rate occurred at 10–19 years of age, and allergic rhinitis was common from five to 44 years of age. The prevalence rate was higher among males up to the age of 30, after which age it was a little higher among females. About two‐thirds of the patients consulting had at least one consultation per year with symptoms present.The number of contacts came to 4.4 per patient per year and 20–25% of these w

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1981.tb01841.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Studies carried out in 68 patients with idiosyncratic reactions to noramidopyrine and/or aminophenazone led to distinction of two different groups. In the first group: 1) noramidopyrine, aminophenazone, phenylbutazone and sulfinpyrazone as well as several other inhibitors of cyclooxygenase, including aspirin, precipitated bronchoconstriction; 2) skin tests with pyrazolone drugs were virtually negative; 3) all patients had chronic asthma. In the second group: 1) noramidopyrine and aminophenazone induced anaphylactic shock and/or urticaria; 2) skin tests with these drugs were highly positive; 3) phenylbutazone, sulfinpyrazone and several other cyclooxygenase inhibitors, including aspirin, could be taken with impunity; 4) chronic bronchial asthma was present in only one‐fourth of the patients. We suggest that the pathogenic mechanisms responsible for the idiosyncratic reactions involve inhibition of cyclooxygenase in the first group, and allergic reactions in the second group. Distinction of these two groups is of clinical importance since in individual patients it gives insight into the safe administration of pyrazolone and aspirin‐like dr

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1981.tb01842.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The degree of post treadmill‐running decrease in pulmonary function (Exercise‐Induced Asthma) in 11 adult asthmatics was compared with the decrease in pulmonary function followed by resting isocapnic hyperventilation. It was checked that ventilation during the hyperventilation was kept identical to the ventilation during treadmill‐running by continuous recording of respiratory frequency, minute ventilation, tidal volume and accumulated ventilation. The temperature of the inspired air was identical in the two situations and the relative humidity was 40% during treadmill‐running and 15% during hyperventilation. The average accumulated ventilation during treadmill‐running and hyperventilation was 411 1/6 min in both events. The decrease in peak expiratory flow after treadmill‐running was 25% and after isocapnic hyperventilation 24%. It is concluded that the ventilation is of more importance for the decrease in pulmonary function after exercise, than th

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1981.tb01843.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with atopy were studied for IgE productionin vitro.Addition of a beta‐receptor blocking agent (propranolol) to lymphocytes from 9 of 10 patients with low spontaneous IgE productionin vitrocaused increased IgE production. In 10 tests with lymphocytes from patients, who were undergoing hyposensitization treatment for cat epithelium and/or birch pollen allergy, no spontaneousin vitroproduction of the relevant antigen‐specific IgE antibodies was detected. However, when propranolol was added to the lymphocyte culturesin vitro, production of antigen‐specific IgE antibodies was found. No such production was found when lymphocytes from patients who were not allergic to either of these antigens were studied. Szentivanyi's theory of a partial blockade of beta‐adrenergic receptors in atopy and a possible linkage between this theory and the hypotheses of disturbed regulatory functions in the immune system of patients with atopy is di

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1981.tb01844.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An enzyme linked immune sorbent assay, ELISA, for determination of serum antibodies against two different extractable nuclear antigens, the RNAse sensitive ribonucleoprotein (RNP), and the RNAse resistant Sm‐antigen is described. The technical variables are systematically evaluated and a recommended procedure selected and describe

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1981.tb01845.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Nasal secretion samples from 473 children aged 0–15 years were studied in order to evaluate the role of mast cells in the nasal smear in different types of atopy and food allergy. The occurrence of eosinophils in the nasal secretion and in the blood, and susceptibility to upper respiratory infection were recorded. A mast cell count of more than 20 cells per slide was indicative of atopy and there was a clear correlation between eosinophilia and mastocytosis in the nasal smear. No type of allergy seemed to be significantly predominant in the total material, but in young children aged 0–3 years mastocytosis was clearly related to food allergy. The examination of nasal smears for mast cells is a valuable test in diagnosing atopy in children and especially food allergy among young children. However, the test is not reliable enough to be used as a single screening t

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1981.tb01846.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This work describes a method for the purification of basophil leukocytes from human peripheral blood by the use of a three‐step separation technique including affinity chromatography on anti‐IgE‐sepharose 6MB. The purity of the obtained basophils was 50–95% and the recovery was 30–40%. The basophils separated by this method appeared normal and were found to be reactive with anti‐IgE in subse

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1981.tb01847.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Challenge tests were performed in patients with food intolerance and allergic rhinitis to evaluate the usefulness of measurement of the eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) of serum to distinguish different allergic reactions. In one group of patients with food intolerance symptom‐induced challenge resulted in a marked decrease of serum‐ECP. The number of blood eosinophils decreased simultaneously in some but not all of these patients. In another group of patients with food intolerance serum‐ECP displayed peak‐like increases followed by a decrease. The decrease in serum‐ECP may reflect that consumption of ECP is a result of idiosyncrasy in the target organ. In allergic rhinitis some patients showed an initial peak–like increase of serum–ECP, which was abolished by pretreatment with disodiumcromoglycate but not by pretreatment with antihistamine. Similar results have previously been demonstrated for allergic asthma. The difference obtained in serum‐ECP upon challenge in typical reagin‐mediated allergy and food intolerance may indicate that the latter is not reagin‐mediated. However, the interpretation of data is difficult because of lack of knowledge regarding the turnover in the

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1981.tb01848.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Twenty‐nine patients with seasonal rhinitis completed a double‐blind study comparing budesonide nasal spray 200 μg b.i.d. with placebo. The patients were randomly assigned into two parallel groups. Symptoms were assessed over a treatment period of 3 weeks.There were statistically significant differences in favour of budesonide on all measurements. Side effects were mild and the incidence was

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1981.tb01849.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY