ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00594.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Passive exposure to tobacco smoke was assessed in children with asthma (age 3‐15) and in referents. There was statistically significantly (P<0.0005) higher excretion of the nicotine metabolite, cotinine, in the urine of 49 children with asthma (geometric mean 10 ng/ml) compared with 77 referents (4.8 ng/ml). Maternal smoking was statistically significantly more prevalent among the asthmatics than among the referents (relative risk = RR = 2.6, 95% Cl = 1.2‐5.3). In conclusion, the exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in asthmatic children was higher than among healthy children, indicating that passive smoking may be a predisposing and/or aggravating factor for childhood ast

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00595.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We have prepared antigen‐antibody complexes from grass pollen allergens and autologous specific antibodies isolated by immunoadsorption from the serum of allergic patients. These Complexes were inoculated into patients in a double‐blind trial to evaluate their effect on grass pollen‐related rhinitis and bronchial asthma. Thirty‐eight grass pollen‐hypersensitive patients were allocated to three groups; patients in the first two groups were treated with antigen‐antibody complexes at different ratios and dosages and were compared with the third group who received the placebo carrier buffer alone. In addition, we treated a fourth group who had already received antigen‐antibody complex inoculation during the previous pollen season. Injections were given every 2 weeks during the pollen season, starting 5 weeks prior to it. Tolerance was excellent with no signs of local or systemic side effects. The treatment prevented nasal symptoms while enabling the patients to reduce antihistamine intake. Bronchial asthma was virtually absent in the treated groups even though no bronchodilators or corticosteroids had to be taken. Specific IgE antibodies did not increase during the pollen season nor did IgG “blocking” antibodies. Inoculation of allergen‐antibody complexes could provide a valuable alternative for the treatment of immediate hypersensitivity to airborne allergens as it appears to be safe and rapidly efficacious. This treatment offers several advantages compared to conventional hyposensitization and is characterized by the absence of an increase in spec

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00596.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Rat peritoneal mast cells were incubated with different concentrations of naturally occurring aliphatic polyamines, spermine and spermidine, at 0.1‐10mM and the amount of histamine release into the supernatant solutions was measured. The addition of each polyamine to the suspensions of the mast cells caused a histamine release in a dose‐dependent manner. The effect of 10 mM spermine and spermidine was as much as that of 0.5 μg/ml compound 48/80. The histamine release from the cells incubated with each polyamine was rapid and the amount of histamine release into the supernatant solutions reached a maximum at 1 min with the incubations. 0.1 mM spermine, which in itself could not cause a significant histamine release, showed a tendency to enhance anti‐IgE‐induced histamine release from the ma

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00597.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We have studied the reproducibility of a bronchial leukotriene (LT) provocation test in asthmatics, and the effect of prior treatment with an oral leukotriene D4/E4antagonist (SR 2640) on LTD4‐induced bronchoconstriction in nine asthmatics in a double‐blind placebo‐controlled randomized cross‐over trial. The reproducibility of the bronchial leukotriene provocation test was high. For a specific patient, the replication variance is 0.2303, and the standard deviation is thus 0.4799, corresponding to 48%, i.e. one halving of the dose or half doubling of the dose. SR 2640 antagonised LTD4induced bronchoconstriction causing a mean shift of 48 % to the right of the dose‐response curve as compared with placebo (95% confidence interval being 11‐137%). This study demonstrates that bronchial LTD, provocation test is a safe and reproducible method in asthmatics, and that the method can be used to detect LT‐antagonism; furthermore that SR 2640 is a weak LTD4‐antagonis

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00598.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We investigated the influence of grass and birch pollen load on specific IgE response, skin prick test reactivity, and manifest allergic disorders of the eyes and respiratory tract. The study population was two groups of 200 children each, matched in sex and age, who were domiciled in areas with high and low pollen load, respectively. In the children from the area with high pollen load, the grass pollen load was 1.7 times higher than in the other and only specific IgE to grass pollen was found to be present more frequently (23.5 % as against 12.5%;P<0.01), In the same area, the birch pollen load was 2.8 times higher, which caused specific IgE in 10.5% as against 3.5% of the other group (P<0.01) as well as positive skin prick test in 9.0% as against 3.5% (P<0.05), Reports of subjective complaints were rare among the group with high pollen load but the total number did not amount to a statistically significant increase. There was no difference between the two groups concerning sensitization and allergy to house dust mite. This suggests that the influence of the pollen load is strongest on the development of specific IgE, and less on skin test reactivity and manifest allergies.

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00599.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Although studies of families, inbred populations and twins have established that asthma has a hereditary basis, little evidence has shown that intrinsic asthma has an increased familial occurrence. To document this issue, we compared the prevalence of asthma in families of intrinsic asthmatics, extrinsic asthmatics and non‐asthmatics. The intrinsic asthma group included those with negative skin tests to common aero‐allergens (n= 117). The extrinsic asthma group included those with one or more positive skin tests (n= 164). The non‐asthmatic group (n= 224) was recruited at a check‐up center. The siblings of each subject completed a standardized questionnaire on history of asthma. The results showed that asthma was more prevalent (P<0.001) in siblings of intrinsic asthmatics (8.9%) than in siblings of the non‐asthmatic group (2.4%). The prevalence of asthma in siblings of intrinsic and extrinsic asthmatics was similar. In conclusion, both intrinsic and extrinsic asthma have an increased family o

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00600.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

IgE and IgG antibodies againstAspergillus fumigatuswere detected by crossed radio immunoelectrophoresis (CRIE) on the sera of seven patients with aspergilloma, six patients with allergic broncho‐pulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) and 25 patients with extrinsic asthma withAspergillusallergy. IgE‐CRIE analysis indicated the presence ofA. fumigatus‐specific IgE in sera of patients with ABPA andAspergillusasthma but not of aspergilloma patients. IgG‐CRIE showed that both aspergilloma and ABPA patient sera contained high levels of circulating specific IgG antibodies in contrast to sera ofAspergillusasthma patients, which did not show detectable amounts ofAspergillus‐specificIgG antibodies. Specific IgE binding could be demonstrated for the major allergens Ag‐10 and AG‐40 in all ABPA patients, in 80% ofAspergillusasthma patients but not in sera from aspergilloma patients. Specific IgG antibodies directed towards the major allergens could be detected in most of the aspergilloma patients, between 30–70% of the ABPA patients but not in sera from patients withAs

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00601.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Specific PBMC proliferation to penicillin represents one of thein vitrodiagnostic procedures to show antigenic sensitization. Nine patients with suggestive clinical history of penicillin hypersensitivity, significant stimulation index in the lymphocyte transformation test (LTT), and increased CD25 expression were selected. Their phenotypic expression of T‐cell subset markers was compared with that of six normal subjects after 7 days of culture. Higher percentages of CD45R and CDw29 positive cells were found in penicillin‐hypersensitive patients. This group of patients showed a significantly (P<0.01) higher percentage of CD45R positive cells compared with normal subjects, after 7 days of culture. The percentage of CD45R cells did not differ between patients and normal subjects at day 0, and the progressive decrease of CD45R positive cells in culture of normal subjects was not observable in our patients. These results suggest that the patients with penicillin hypersensitivity have an imbalance of CD45R/CDw29 ratio after 7 days of culture, with a higher expression of CD45R positive ce

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00602.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Liposomes are non‐toxic, biodegradable and weakly immunogenic lipid vesicles which can be used as immunomodulating agents. In the present study, multilamellar vesicles (MLV) and small unilamellar vesicles (SUV) were used to incorporate an allergenic protein fromArtemisia scopariapollen. MLV incorporated more allergenic protein than SUV. To assess the immunomodulating effect of allergen entrapped in liposomes, Swiss strain mice (made IgE responders) were injected with either free allergen or liposome‐entrapped allergen (LEA) and their immune response was measured in terms of specific IgG and specific IgE levels. Results indicated that specific IgE response was significantly lower in mice injected LEA (P<0.02) than in mice injected free allergenic protein. Although specific IgG response was higher in mice injected LEA, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Potential use of liposomes as non‐immunogenic biocompatible vehicle for antigen presentation in immunotherapy will be disc

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00603.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY