摘要:

The spontaneous release of house dust mite components from cultures ofDermatophagoides pteronyssinusinto slightly buffered water was studied against time, using both continuous and discontinuous extraction procedures. It was shown that proteins, carbohydrates, IgE binding components and precipitating antigenic components were rapidly released from the house dust mite cultures, reaching a maximal liberation within 1 h of extraction. Repeated extractions of house dust mite cultures (discontinuous extraction) showed an additional release of IgE components but the IgE binding potency declined after successive extractions, while showing increasing release of immunological inactive components. IgE binding to antigens immobilized to polystyrene surfaces (IgE‐ELISA) appeared to be less sensitive compared with cyanogen‐bromide activated discs (IgE‐RAST). It was concluded that extraction procedures of house dust mite cultures with short incubation time of 1 h or less are to be pref

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1985.tb00209.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In preliminary experiments aimed at investigating the effect of covalently cross‐linked human myeloma subclass proteins on histamine release from human leukocytes, we observed one preparation (designated here IgG‐HR) made from pooled, purified immunoglobulin G which consistently released histamine from these cells. Dimers and trimers, but not monomers isolated from columns of Sephadex G‐200 and Ultrogel AcA22 following incubation of immunoglobulin G (Nordic Laboratories) with dimethyl suberimidate, released histamine from cells of all donors tested. In contrast, cells from the same donors showed variable responsiveness to dimers of IgE (prepared by similar techniques) or to anti‐IgE, IgG‐HR failed to release histamine from a “basophil‐rich” mononuclear cell preparation depleted of most of the erythrocytes, platelets, neutrophils and eosinophils by centrifugation through a Ficoll‐Hypaque cushion. The data suggest that IgG‐HR was releasing histamine indirectly from basophils by first interacting with another cell. IgG oligomers prepared from different sources of pooled, purified IgG failed to release histamine. Although we did not have sufficient IgG‐HR to adequately define this releasing activity, we feel that the data represent a potentially novel, if rare, mechanism of mediator release involving basop

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1985.tb00210.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In vitrochallenge of peripheral white blood cells (WBC) from 62 food sensitive patients and 22 asymptomatic control individuals was performed using standardized extract of cow milk, corn and wheat. 81% of the patients reacted at least toward one food antigen, showing disintegration of WBC, as measured by trypan blue exclusion technique. The presented experimental condition of the direct binding between food antigen and cell wall membrane suggests that this phenomenon is multicellular in its origin. The interpretation of these studies is of distinct value in directing human food hypersensitivity research in the future.

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1985.tb00211.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Antibody‐dependent, allergic autocytotoxicity (ACT) is anin vitroprocess through which WBC from patients and/or controls, passively sensitized with RAST positive serum, are damaged in the presence of corresponding food antigens. Studies among 13 patients, sensitive to cow milk, corn and wheat, and 13 asymptomatic controls revealed that antibody‐dependent ACT is mediated by thermolabile cytotoxic factor, presumably IgE antibody. The resultant cellular interactions might contribute to the induction of the autoimmune respo

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1985.tb00212.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In order to obtain actual data about the qualitative and quantitative occurrence of airborne fungi in The Netherlands, a viable‐volumetric sample survey with the Andersen sampler was undertaken. From April 1981 to the end of June 1983, one day a week samples were taken on the unobstructed rooftop of a hospital in the N‐E Netherlands. An average of 268 Colony Forming Units (CFU), per sample, per cubic metre of air were found. Almost three‐quarters of the total catch consisted of seven genera,Cladosporiumpredominating.Botrytisshowed in surprisingly high numbers when compared with other surveys, whileAlternariaoccurred in very low concentrations. Most atmospheric airborne spora were found between May and September.AspergillusandPenicilliumprevailed in the autumn and winter months, although were present the year‐round. Momentary weather conditions seemed less important for the overall spore picture than the average meteorological characteristics for a whole season. The obtained aero‐mycological information may be useful in determining clinical strategies for skin testing and serological investigations in patients with suspected mould

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1985.tb00213.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A study was undertaken to see whether the principal airborne fungi in the North‐East Netherlands were also found to be the most reactive in skin testing. Atmospheric samples were taken weekly with the Andersen sampler, from April 1981, up to and including, June 1983, At the same time skin tests of 833 patients referred to the outpatient Departments of Pulmonology and Allergology, because of recurrent bronchial obstructive complaints and a suspected allergy, were studied for strongly positive skin reactivity to fungi. 4.6% of the patients reacted with a wheal of 10 mm diameter or more to one or more of the tested fungi. Almost three‐quarters of the airborne fungal “flora” was composed of seven genera, namely (in order of occurrence); 1)Cladosporium(42,6 %), 2)Botrytis(8.6 %), 3) Yeasts (7 %), 4)Penicillium(5.8%), 5) Basidiomycetes (5.7%), 6)Aspergillus(3.7%), and 7)Altenaria(0.9%), In skin‐testing, however, a different order of occurrence existed; namely: 1)Beauveria(6.8%), 2)Botrytis(6.1%), 3)Aspergillus(4.7%), 4)Mucor(3.8%), 5)Epicoccum(3%), 6)Cladosporium(2.3%), and 7)Altenaria(1.1%), It is concluded that the most prevailing airborne moulds are not necessarily the most potent allergens, at least in skin testing.AspergillusandBotrytisshowed a high sensitization rate, whileCladosporiumandAltenariadid not.Botrytisdeserves further study because of its frequent airborne occurrence and marked allergenic p

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1985.tb00214.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Twenty asymptomatic atopic asthmatics were treated with either cimetidine 100 mg orally (13 patients) or placebo (7 patients) once a day for 4 weeks. Bronchial challenges were performed with the pertinent allergen immediately before and 2 and 4 weeks after the initiation of treatment and, finally, 4 weeks after the cessation of treatment. Before each challenge blood was drawn for the determination of specific IgE antibody levels (RAST procedure) and total IgE (PRIST), allergen‐ and anti‐IgE‐induced basophil histamine release, and mitogen‐induced lymphocyte (3H)‐thymidine incorporation. Patients treated with cimetidine were found to be significantly (P<0.0.5) less responsive to bronchial allergen challenge during the treatment than before it; patients treated with placebo were more reactive (P<0.05) 14 days after the initiation of treatment. The difference in responsiveness to treatment between the placebo and the cimetidine groups was significant 14 days (P<0.01) and 4 weeks (P<0.05) after the initiation of treatment; no significant difference in allergen responsiveness was recorded between the groups 1 month after cessation of treatment. No clear‐cut changes in specific IgE antibody or total IgE levels, histamine release capacity, or mitogen‐induced lymphocyte responsiveness were observed in either group, except that lymphocytes from cimetidine‐treated patients tended to show an increased ratio of PHA‐ to PMA‐induced thymidine incorporation. Thus, it was found that the treatment of asymptomatic atopic asthmatics with low‐dose cimetidine reduced their allergen sensitivity in bronchial provocation tests by a mechanism which rem

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1985.tb00215.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Tiaramide hydrochloride is a new non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory agent previously shown to inhibit allergic responses bothin vitroandin vivo.Clinical studies in asthmatic adults and children have also shown benefit. We report a double blind cross‐over study in 35 adult asthmatic patients comparing oral tiaramide 200 mg four times daily with oral salbutamol 4 mg four times daily and placebo. Symptoms and bronchodilator inhaler usage were recorded in diary cards and morning and evening peak expiratory flow rates were also monitored. Both tiaramide and salbutamol had a significant therapeutic effect compared with placebo. More patients preferred tiaramide than salbutamol and there were fewer side effects during treatment with tiaramide. Tiaramide may be a useful oral therapy in asthma particularly for those patients intolerant of oral beta‐adrenergic a

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1985.tb00216.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The therapeutic potential of non‐steroid anti‐inflammatory drugs in clinical asthma is offset by the real possibility of hypersensitivity and inducton of severe airways obstruction. The influence of indomethacin on the antigen‐induced asthmatic response was tested. Early and delayed asthmatic responses were recorded after antigen challenge in 13 subjects. Indomethacin pretreatment totally or partially inhibited the delayed asthmatic response in 10 of 11 subjects. Inhibition by indomethacin of products of the arachidonic cascade which participate in the pathogenesis of the delayed asthmatic response could explain this phenomenon. A similar therapeutic response was documented without adverse drug reactions when five subjects were restudied after several months. In the same group the early asthmatic response was suppressed in six, enhanced in two and unchanged in four of 12 subjects. This variable response indicates that spasmogenic prostaglandin breakdown products may be important for certain individuals, but are generally of less importance in the early asthmatic response. Clinical trials with indomethacin as a steroid saving agent in allergic asthma appear feasible and can be conducted s

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1985.tb00217.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We studied skin test reactivity to five commonly used antigens by testing 150 healthy adults. The delayed hypersensitivity (DH) skin test is widely used to assess the immune status of patients. The battery of antigens suitable for use may vary in different countries, but the reactivity to the antigens in our population did not differ remarkably from reports of other authors. The reactivity rates were: Candida 32.7%, mumps 86%, streptokinase‐streptodornase (SK‐SD) 70%, trichophyton 0% and tuberculin 58.7%. Sixteen of the subjects were retested after 2 weeks. Only eight of them showed unchanged reactions to all five antigens. Specific IgG antibody concentrations measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) against each of the five antigens in the serum of 42 subjects before and after testing showed great inter‐individual variation. The antibody concentration did not correlate with the DH skin test results, but the testing itself increased the production of anti‐mumps‐ and anti‐SK

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1985.tb00218.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY