摘要:

Plant keepers take regular care of green plants in public buildings and offices. One of the most common green plants in Scandinavia is weeping fig (Ficus benjamina). We have previously reported on two plant keepers sensitized to this plant, one had asthma and the other allergic rhinitis. We now report a study of four plant‐leasing firms employing 60 plant keepers and 24 less exposed. Positive RAST and skin tests in 16 of the plant keepers and two of the employees showed them to be sensitized. All sensitized subjects suffered from conjunctivitis and/or rhinitis and six had asthma. Handling of green plants is a new example of an occupation which may cause IgE‐mediated all

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1987.tb02193.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In a double‐blind group comparative study, 36 adult, birch pollen‐allergic outpatients with seasonal rhinoconjunctivitis, were treated with either oral prednisolone 7.5 mg daily for 3 weeks or an injection with 2 ml suspension of betamethasone dipropionate and betamethasone disodium phosphate (Diprospan®) immediately prior to the birch pollen season. Both treatments were able to prevent an increase in symptoms from the nose and the eyes during the 3‐week birch pollen season. There was no significant difference in symptom score or nasal peak flow between the two treatments. However, there was a significant suppression of adrenal gland function after oral prednisolone treatment in contrast to Diprospan treatment. Unless there are contraindications for treatment with depot steroid injections (children, pregnant women, patients suffering from peptic ulcer, tuberculosis, eye disease, herpes, hypertension or diabetes) it seems to be a reasonable alternative to ored prednisolone in hay fever pa

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1987.tb02194.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Healthy children of atopically asthmatic parents received in vivo and in vitro granulocyte migration tests. Eleven children whose parents were both asthmatic showed statistically significant inhibition of granulocyte migration compared with controls.

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1987.tb02195.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Cat flea sensitivity is considered one of the most important skin diseases in cats and dogs. Cat fleas, however, are also a growing allergen problem for humans. Cat flea‐specific IgE antibodies were studied in serum samples from 70 patients with suspected cat allergy, using RAST‐based techniques and the nitrocellulose immunoblotting method. Results from RAST studies, using cat and cat flea as allergosorbents, showed that 46% of the patients were RAST positive against both cat and cat flea. 9 % of the patients were RAST positive only against the cat flea. The nitrocellulose immunoblotting experiments were in agreement with the RAST results showing specific IgE to cat flea. The results indicate that some cat‐allergic patients have specific IgE both towards cat and cat flea but also that some of the patients with suspected cat allergy might have specific IgE towards the cat flea and not the cat. RAST‐inhibition and immunoblotting experiments also indicate that the allergen composition of cat flea extract differs from that of cat extract, even if common allergens have been detected, leading to cross‐reactivity in

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1987.tb02196.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A state of tolerance to aspirin (ASA) was induced in 10 aspirin‐sensitive patients by daily administration of incremental doses of ASA. No adverse reactions were reported. The initial dose (from 5 to 60 mg) was gradually increased each day up to 300 mg and then doubled. 50 mg indomethacin given the day after administration of 600 mg ASA did not elicit any symptom of intolerance. The authors discuss a possible mechanism of tolerance to aspirin in ASA‐sensitive asthmatics after ASA administration, suggesting that it might be connected either with inhibition of the lipooxygenetic pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism or with blockade of the cyclooxygenase supplementary binding site by salicylic acid, a product of acetylsalicylic acid hydrolysis. This would prevent aspirin from binding with the catalytic cyclooxygenase s

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1987.tb02197.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effects of inhaled MgSO4on histamine bronchoprovocation test (BPT) were studied in nine asthmatics in clinical remission (FEV1>80% of predicted). Patients performed histamine BPT on 2 separate days, one day after saline and the other after MgSO4inhalation, in a randomized double‐blind design. Spirometry and flow/volume curve were recorded on each test day before and 5 min after NaCl or MgSO4. No significant difference was observed in lung function measurements 2 days before and after either NaCl or MgSO4. The dose of histamine which produced a 20% decrease in control FEV1(PD20FEV1) was significantly increased by aerosolized MgSO4(from 0.177 ± 0.036 mg after NaCl to 0.350 ± 0.085 after MgSO4,P<0.05. After MgSO4the dose‐steps of histamine concentration increased two‐fold in two subjects and one‐fol

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1987.tb02198.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

To detect atopy by a screening method employing skin prick testing with a limited number of allergens, the test results of 939 patients with allergic airways diseases were analysed. It was found that an allergen panel consisting of cat, timothy and house dust mite could detect 85% of atopic patients with asthma and/or rhinitis. For subgroups of patients the results were even more favourable. Thus 98% of atopic patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis were detected by an allergen panel consisting of timothy, birch and mugwort. It is concluded that screening methods using only three of four allergens could be used for detecting atopy in patients with airways diseases. The method should be most valuable forin vitrotests used in combination with standardized questionnaires.

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1987.tb02199.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Dose‐response curves of histamine‐ and allergen‐induced wheal areas were evaluated in seven normals (defined as negative skin prick test (SPT) to inhalant allergens and no clinical signs of allergy), seven latent allergies (positive SPT without allergic symptoms), and 20 manifest allergies (positive SPT and allergic symptoms). Three concentrations of histamine HCl (1, 10 and 100 mg/ml) and three 10‐fold concentrations of nine inhalant allergens (birch, timothy, mugwort, horse, dog, cat, house dust mite,CladosporiumandAlternaria) in concentrations 1,000 10,000 and 100,000 BU/ml were used and linear regression was performed on the skin reactions. Only tests with an SD%0.95 were accepted. In normals a significantly higher concentration of histamine was needed to elicit a wheal reaction of 2 mm2(end‐point) compared with allergies. Likewise, normals had a significantly higher slope i.e. steeper dose‐response curve of histamine than manifest allergies. The slope of the allergen‐induced wheal area was significantly higher than the histamine slope. No relation between corresponding slope of histamine and allergens was found (Rho = 0.15). The skin sensitivity equivalent to histamine calculated as the allergen concentration eliciting a wheal equal to histamine showed a median increase of 5–6 fold in allergen concentration by a 10‐fold increase of histamine concentration. The highest correlation between the wheal area of a single allergen concentration and the skin sensitivity was found for allergen concentration 100,000 BU. Based on these results it is recommended that biological standardization of allergen extracts is based on quantitative skin titration of at least three 10‐fold concentrations of both histamine and allergens and the biological activity (HEP unit) re‐defined from h

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1987.tb02200.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

872 adult hay fever patients were investigated with skin tests, using 20 different tree pollen allergens, and Phadebas RAST®, using eight different tree pollen allergens. Correlation between test results with the different allergens were studied employing the Spearman's correlation coefficient (Rho). Most combinations showed statistically significant correlations. The highest values of Rho (0.8–0.9) were found for pollen from combinations of trees belonging to the familiesBetulaceae, CorylaceaeandFagaceae(birch, alder, hazel, beech and oak). High values were also found between pollens from aspen and sallow (belonging toSalicaceae). With several of the trees a high degree of pollen cross sensitization was found, even with trees from a different plant family. Since most of the patients were allergic to birch pollen, some of the reactions to other pollens could be due to allergens shared by birch. To exclude this possibility, a separate analysis was performed for patients having no birch pollen allergy. Even in these patients evidence of cross sensitization was found. It is concluded that cross reactions are common among tree pollens and are most pronounced within botanical famili

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1987.tb02201.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Adrenaline is the drug of choice for management of the anaphylactic reaction. The objective of this study was to compare systemic absorption of adrenaline after administration by different routes to healthy volunteers. Ten puffs (1.5 mg as adrenaline base) with 10–15 s intervals between them followed 2 h later by 20 puffs (3 mg) of adrenaline from a pressurized aerosol (Medihaler‐Epi, 3M Riker, 14.0 mg/ml adrenaline acid tartrate) were sprayed into the cheek pouch or inhaled through the mouth or the nostrils. Adrenaline was also administered to the eyes by giving 2 drops (1 mg) of Isopto‐Epinal (Alcon, 10 mg × ml−1). Finally, 0.5 ml (0.5 mg) of adrenaline was given subcutaneously in the upper arm of the same individuals. The systemic absorption was determined by measuring plasma adrenaline levels and effects on blood pressure, heart rate and finger tremor before and 5, 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min after adrenaline administration. Adrenaline given as eye‐drops did not have any significant effect on these parameters. Subcutaneously administered adrenaline caused within 5 min a significant increase of plasma adrenaline level (from 1.0 ± 0.2 to a peak of 6.5 ± 1.2 nM) which gradually decreased during 2 h. This mode of adrenaline administration increased the systolic blood pressure by a maximum of 11 ± 3.5 mmHg, heart rate by 9 ± 2.2 beats × min−1, tremor ratio by 4 ± 0.6 and reduced the diastolic blood pressure by 18 ± 4.7 mmHg. The cardiovascular effects were approximately maximum 15 min after administration and lasted almost 90 min. After 10 inhalations through the mouth no significant effects were seen, whereas after 20 inhalations the plasma adrenaline level increased significantly (from 1.1 ± 0.2 to a peak of 2.4 ± 0.6 nM). The effects on blood pressure, heart rate and finger tremor ratio were more short‐lived than those caused by subcutaneously administered adrenaline. The effects of nasal inhalation of adrenaline were similar but more long‐lasting when compared to oral inhalation.Conclusion.Inhaled adrenaline gives rapid systemic absorption but this is less pronounced and more short‐lasting than with subcutaneous adrenaline. Apart from being easier for the patient to use, the inhaled route of adrenaline administration also appears to be cardiovascularly safe within a wide dose range. It is therefore suggested that patients known to be hypersensitive should be equipped with Medihaler Adrenaline for emergencies as a complement to subcutaneous adrenaline. Further, the recommended dose of this inhaler in the treatment of acute upper airway hyperreactive conditions should be increased to 10–20 inhalations, which

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1987.tb02202.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY