ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1994.tb00830.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Björkstén B. Risk factors in early childhood for the development of atopic disease

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1994.tb00831.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Svenonius E, Arborelius M, Wiberg R, Ståhl E, Svensson M. A comparison of terbutaline inhaled by Turbuhaler® and by a chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) inhaler in children with exercise‐induced asthma.The present study compared the bronchodilating effect of inhalation from the Turbuhaler® (0.5 mg terbutaline × 2) with the effect of inhalation from the chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) inhaler (0.25 mg terbutaline × 4) in children aged 9‐17 years with reproducible, exercise‐induced asthma (EIA). The treatments were given on two occasions, 5 min apart (terbutaline 0.5 mg + 0.5 mg). The study was performed as a double‐blind, double‐dummy, and placebo‐controlled trial in 12 asthmatic children. The study was conducted on three separate days. The bronchoconstriction was induced by steady running on a treadmill. Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1,0), vital capacity (VC), and volume of trapped gas (VTG) were measured before and after the exercise test and after treatment. The study showed that the same amount of terbutaline inhaled from the Turbuhaler or from a CFC inhaler is equally effective for reversing EIA, and that the Turbuhaler is possibly more effective for treating spasm

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1994.tb00832.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Jakobsson T, Croner S, Kjellman N‐IM, Pettersson A, Vassella C, Björkstén B. Slight steroid‐sparing effect of intravenous immunoglobulin in children and adolescents with moderately severe bronchial asthma.Twenty subjects (aged 6‐20 years) with moderately severe bronchial asthma participated in an open controlled trial with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) given as five monthly infusions with a mean dose of 0.8 g/kg body weight. A follow‐up was performed 4 and 14 months after the treatment period. Nine of 14 children in the treatment group completed the trial. Two children experienced severe headache after the first infusion, another two patients were taken off the study for reasons unrelated to the IVIG therapy, and one patient dropped out from lack of motivation. In six of the IVIG‐treated children, there was a reduction in the daily intake of inhaled steroids at an unchanged or reduced histamine reactivity. Of the remaining three children, two showed a reduction in bronchial hyperreactivity, but their steroid dose was not reduced. Six patients participated in a reference group to determine seasonal variations of symptoms. One of them improved during the study period, and the condition of the other five deteriorated, as indicated by increased medication without reduced histamine reactivity. After 14 months, there were no significant differences in clinical symptoms, nor in sensitivity to histamine between the treated patients and the controls, as the condition had improved also in the latter. We have thus been able to confirm, in a group larger than those in previously published reports, some clinical improvement of asthma by IVIG therapy at a lower dose than previously used and in children with only moderately severe disease. The effect was still present 4 months after the termination of IVIG therapy but not after 14 months. As the effects were small and temporary and the treatment is complicated and expensive, IVIG therapy cannot at present be recommended for general use. A double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study of the effect of IVIG in a

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1994.tb00833.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Brambilla C, Chastang C, Georges D, Bertin L. Salmeterol compared with slow‐release terbutaline in nocturnal asthma. A multicenter, randomized, double‐blind, double‐dummy, sequential clinical trial.The aim of the multicenter, randomized, double‐blind, double‐dummy, parallel‐group clinical trial with a 2‐week treatment period was to compare the efficacy and safety of salmeterol (50 ug twice daily) with slow‐release (SR) terbutaline (5 μg orally, twice daily) in nocturnal asthma. A total of 159 asthmatic adults (FEV, 50‐90% of predicted value; sex ratio: 0.87) with at least two nocturnal awakenings during a 7‐d run‐in period was included in the study. Patients were centrally randomized with a national computer network (Minitel®). The main variable (number of awakening‐free nights during the last week of treatment) was analyzed according to a sequential method with the one‐sided triangular test. The number of awakening‐free nights (± SD) was significantly higher in the salmeterol group: 5.3 ± 2.4vs4.6 ± 2.3(P= 0.006). Salmeterol was significantly more effective than SR‐terbutaline in the following factors: number of patients without any awakening during the last week of treatment (50%vs27%,P =0.003), mean morning PEF (351 ± 1091/min‐1vs332 + 105 I/min‐1,P= 0.04), PEF diurnal variation 6 ± 10%vs11 ± 12%,P= 0.01), overall assessment of efficacy by the patient and the investigator(P= 0.001 and 0.005, respectively), and daily rescue salbutamol intakes (P=0.004). In the salmeterol group, significantly fewer patients reported adverse events (16%vs29%,P= 0.04). This study confirms that salmeterol, 50 μg twice daily, is particularly useful in controlling nocturnal symptoms of asthma: as compared with the control group, twice as many salmeterol‐treated patients were totally free of n

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1994.tb00834.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Windelborg Nielsen B, Lind P, Hansen B, Reimert CM, Nansen P, Schiotz PO. Immune responses to nematode exoantigens: sensitizing antibodies and basophil histamine release.High levels of IgE and eosinophilia are found in both allergy and helminth infections, but allergic symptoms are rare in naturally acquired helminth infections. The interrelation of specific IgE antibodies andin vitrobasophil histamine release (HR) induced by exoantigens from the larval stages (L‐2/L3) of the nematodesToxocara canisandAscaris suumwas examined in 148 patients visiting an outpatient clinic for parasitic diseases. The antigen sensitivity of the basophils was found to be dependent not only on the absolute amount of antigen‐specific IgE present in patient plasma, but also on the ratio between specific and total IgE. Thus, large HR was observed in some patients in response to helminth antigens despite low levels of both specific and total IgE content in plasma. Patients with eosinophilia showed greater IgE‐mediated HR than the other patients examined. In contrast, only five patients showed HR after challenge with anti‐IgG4, despite the presence of high levels of antigen‐specific IgG4 and IgGl in all patients showing specific IgE a

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1994.tb00835.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Okano M, Nagano T, Kino K, Yasueda H, Baba Y, Saito C, Masuda Y, Ohta N. Population analysis of cellular responses to synthetic peptides ofDer pII, a major allergen molecule ofDermatophagoides pteronyssinus, in allergic and nonallergic subjects.Responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to synthetic oligopeptides ofDer pII, one of the major allergen molecules ofDermatophagoides pteronyssinus, were compared between allergic and nonallergic subjects. Healthy subjects showed positive responses to crude extracts ofD. pteronyssinus, but only allergic subjects showed elevated cellular responses toDer pII. We synthesized three oligopeptides ofDer pII in which motifs of a possible T‐cell epitopc were included. Of 14 subjects with positive response toDer pII, three responded to all three peptides, while five did not respond to any peptide tested. In 11 allergic patients who showed positive response toDer pII, responsiveness to the peptide K33‐T47 was significantly higher than that to other peptides (P<0.05). All the responding patients were also positive for scratch test toDer pII, suggesting that those epitopcs induced IgE‐promoting helper T‐cell response in allergic persons. On the other hand, thein vitrocellular responses were not necessarily correlated to IgE production againstDer pII in healthy s

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1994.tb00836.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We have compared the allergenicity of codfish and surimi (prepared from codfish) by skin testing, specific IgE‐RIA, and leukocyte histamine release (LHR) in six fish‐allergic patients. Prick tests were positive for codfish and, to a lesser extent, surimi. The percentages of labeled anti‐IgE bound to surimi‐Sepharose were 1.55 ± 0.19% and 3‐6% with control and patient sera, respectively. Inhibition of the surimi protein‐Sepharose IgE‐RIA was greatest (80%) at protein concentrations of 13.4 and 408.5 μg/ml for codfish and surimi extract, respectively. The allergenic protein was isolated by gel filtration and subjected to SDS‐PAGE. The eluate from codfish contained several proteins ranging from 13 to 63 kDa, while the eluate from surimi contained a single 63‐kDa protein. It was concluded that surimi contained a single allergenic protein.Mata E, Favier C, Moneret‐Vautrin DA, Nicolas JP, Han Ching L, Guéant JL. Surimi and native codfish contain a common allergen identifi

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1994.tb00837.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Tauer‐Reich I, Fruhmann G, Czuppon AB, Baur X. Allergens causing bird fancier's asthma.The study investigates to what extent bird feathers contain relevant allergens/antigens involved in bird fancier's asthma. The study group consisted of two budgerigar fanciers, two parrot fanciers and one canary fancier. All subjects complained of asthmatic symptoms, caused by contact with their birds, and they showed a significant bronchial hyperreactivity to acetylcholinc. Positive IgE antibody reactions to bird sera as well as to extracts of feathers were observed in RAST. Well‐defined major allergenic bands could be detected and identified in the IgE immunoblots with feather extracts as well as with serum proteins of budgerigar, parrot, pigeon, canary, and hen (mol. mass 20‐30 kDa and 67 kDa). The most pronounced bands appeared with the extracts of species to which an exposure had taken place. Weaker IgG‐binding patterns were also observed. Our results show that inhalable feather dust contains several allergenic components which cross‐react with serum allergens/antigens of the same as well as of other bird species. This emphasizes the significance of bird feathers for immediate‐type allergi

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1994.tb00838.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The avocado (Av) is a fruit that belongs to the Lauraceae family. We report 17 patients with immediate hypersensitivity to avocado. Clinical manifestations in relation to avocado ingestion were as follows: systemic anaphylaxis in seven patients, angioedema/urticaria in six, vomiting in two, bronchial asthma in one, and rhinoconjunctivitis in one. Skin prick test (SPT) with fresh avocado was positive in all patients with theStrong avocado variety(SAv) and in 14 patients with theHass avocado variety(HAv). Our patient‐associated sensitizations were as follows: 10 to latex, eight to chestnut, eight to banana, four to kiwi, and four to walnut. Avocado‐sensitized patients with latex allergy were typically middle‐aged women, professionally exposed to latex, who also exhibited frequent associated sensitizations to chestnut, banana, and other fruits. Specific IgE against avocado was demonstrated in 11 of our patients, by both commercial CAP and RAST with avocado extract coupled to nitrocellulose disks. Despite its lower protein content, SAv seems to be more allergenic than HAv, bothin vivoandin vitro.On incubating a pool of sera from our patients with avocado, latex, chestnut, and banana extracts, a progressive RAST inhibition was obtained, with SAv‐ and chestnut‐marked disks. This suggests the existence of common antigenic determinants among these allergens.Blanco C, Carrillo T, Castillo R, Quiralte J, Cuevas M. Avocado hyperse

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1994.tb00839.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY