摘要:

The influence of the time interval between administration of a glucocorticoid, betamethasone, and anti‐IgE on the effect of the drug on the early and late phase response (LPR) to anti‐IgE was examined in 38 volunteers in a randomized controlled study. The immediate flare and wheal responses to intradermally (i.d.) injected anti‐IgE were inhibited by approximately 20 and 30% respectively by a 10 day i.d. pretreatment period with repeated 50 μg doses (total 300 μg) of betamethasone (P<0.01), whereas responses to histamine were not influenced. A single i.d. injection of 50 μg betamethasone 24 h prior to anti‐IgE challenge attenuated the wheal response (P<0.05), whereas injection of the drug 2 h prior to and together with anti‐IgE had no influence on the early response. Corresponding LPRs were reduced approximately 30% throughout the observation period of 1–24 h (P<0.01). Injecting the drug i.d. 30 min following anti‐IgE challenge had no significant influence on the total observation period (1–24 h) of the LPR but antagonized the LPR by 35% at 6–24 h (P<0.01). It is concluded that glucocorticoids inhibit IgE‐dependent LPRs. When extending the topical pretreatment period with the compounds also the early part of the allergic

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1985.tb00224.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effects of indomethacin or macrophage‐depletion on thein vitrounstimulated and pokeweed mitogen (PWM)‐induced synthesis of IgG and IgE were compared. The effect on the unstimulated synthesis of IgG and IgE was similar, namely, no effect due to indomethacin and enhancement due to macrophage depletion. In contrast, the effect on PWM‐induced synthesis was dissimilar. Macrophage depletion enhanced IgG but inhibited IgE production. The effect of indomethacin paralleled that of macrophage depletion suggesting the involvement of prostaglandins. It seems that the regulatory effect of macrophages is different in the IgE system compared with the IgG s

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1985.tb00225.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Skin‐prick experiments with different concentrations of histamine (0.1 mg/ml, 1.0 mg/ml, 10.0 mg/ml) and isotonic NaCl solution for control were performed on the forearms of 10 healthy volunteers. Regular recordings of the cutaneous blood flow by laser Doppler flowmetry were performed in the centre of the weals and 5, 10, 15 and 20 mm from the centre representing the zone of perilesional flare. In the weal centre the blood flow was increased but neither different concentrations of histamine nor the control reaction could be differentiated. Recordings performed 5 and 10 mm from the centre showed, however, significant differences between the different solutions of histamine tested as well as the control reaction. The better differentiation was obtained 5 and 10 min after skin‐prick. In conclusion, laser Doppler flowmetry with recordings of the perilesional flare is found useful for quantification of weal reacti

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1985.tb00226.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), employing beta‐galactosidase conjugated anti‐IgE, was used for the determination of specific IgE antibodies to common inhalant allergens (Dermatophagoides pt.andf., Parietaria and four grass pollens) in serum samples from 82 adult patients with asthma and/or rhinitis. A total of 194 analysis were carried out and the results were compared with those of skin tests and RAST. The correlation coefficient (r) between ELISA and RAST results was high (r= 0.95); the correlation between skin tests and ELISA (r= 0.93) was greater than that between skin tests and RAST (r= 0.90). No significant differences were found among the allergens used. We conclude that the version of ELISA used develops an overall good correlation with skin tests and RAST and seems to provide a satisfactory alternative to RAST for allergy diag

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1985.tb00227.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In order to compare long‐term changes induced on a wide spectrum of bronchial hyperreactivity (BH) by the antiallergic drugs disodium cromyglycate (DSCG) and ketotifen, 56 asthmatic patients (age range 15–55 years) were studied. Patients were allocated to three groups with similar age and BH level. During 2 months, 15 individuals inhaled 20 mg DSCG four times a day, 14 took ketotifen 1 mg twice a day orally and 14 one placebo (lactose) capsule twice a day. After preliminary results, an additional group of 13 patients took clemastine 1 mg orally twice a day for 1 week. Only the ketotifen and clemastine groups differed significantly from the placebo group on shifting log doseresponse curves of inhaled histamine. In addition, no significant difference was seen between the ketotifen and clemastine groups. These results suggest that changes induced by ketotifen were mainly related to its powerful antihistamine action; similarly, nonspecific BH is not wholly dependent on mediator rele

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1985.tb00228.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A case of monoclonal IgE type lambda with IgE levels about 1 mg/ml has been followed for 6 years. Except for a slight asthma no signs of malignancies, parasitic infestations or other known diseases compatible with hyper‐IgE have been found. By the combination of fractional ammonium sulphate precipitation, gel filtration, chromatofocusing, and subtraction affinity chromatography the IgE protein was isolated in an immunochemically pure and homogeneous form. Immunofluorescence of bone marrow cells showed about 1 % IgE plasma cells. The amount of basophil bound IgE was 42 ng/106cells, and histamine release from basophils challenged with anti‐IgE was not different from that in atopic control persons, indicating a within‐allergic‐patients normal amount of IgE receptors. The protein‐A reactivity was 0.4% equivalent to well‐known IgE myeloma proteins. No antigen specificity of the IgE protein was found. Only a few cases of asymptomatic hyper‐IgE are known, and it cannot be ruled out that this represents a premyeloma condition, since a similar case terminated in a malig

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1985.tb00229.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Crossed immunoelectrophoresis (CIE) pattern of Yellow jacket vespid venom showing 25 immunoprecipitates was used in crossed radioimmunoelectrophoresisis (CRIE) analysis with sera from 35 subjects allergic to vespid venom. Phospholipase A and B, hyaluronidase, acid and alkaline phosphatases and a lytic active component were demonstrated in immunoprecipitates using zymography and direct haemolysis of sheep erythrocytes. CRIE analysis proved the allergenicity of these proteins. In addition, another antigen (Ag 17) with no detectable enzymatic or lytic activity was identified as an important allergen. This allergen is most likely identical to the previously described Antigen 5 in vespid venoms. By using CIE/CRIE the presence and complexity of multiple forms of the allergenic protein components were well demonstrated.

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1985.tb00230.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Crossed line immunoelectrophoresis (CLIE) was used to show that a minor allergen present in birch pollen and another present in timothy pollen shared common epitopes with antigens in apple, carrot and celery tuber. Major pollen allergens were not involved. Structural similarities were also noticed in some mugwort pollen antigens and antigens in apple, carrot and celery, but none of these mugwort antigens acted as an allergen. In crossed immunoelectrophoresis (CIE) of samples of apple, carrot or celery extracts towards antibodies against birch pollen, grass pollen or mugwort pollen, four to 14 distinct precipitates were observed and shown to be specific. In crossed radioimmunoelectrophoresis (CRIE) none of the precipitates could be shown to act as an allergen. Using allergen detection on nitrocellulose paper, the apple, carrot and celery extracts were shown to possess IgE‐binding capacit

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1985.tb00231.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two commercially available mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris(Av)) pollen extracts Av‐ALK and Av‐PS were compared with a dialysed reference mugwort pollen extract (Av‐REF) by means of crossed immunoelectrophoresis (CIE), crossed radio immunoelectrophoresis (CRIE), RAST‐inhibition, RAST‐screening and skin prick test. Av‐ALK and Av‐PS both contained approximately half the number of precipitation arcs detectable in Av‐REF, and Av‐PS seemed to lack two intermediate allergens and two minor allergens, while Av‐ALK seemed to lack one minor allergen. The RAST‐inhibition curve obtained for Av‐PS did not parallel the curves obtained for Av‐ALK and Av‐REF, indicating that the allergen composition of Av‐PS differs from that of the others. Further, RAst‐screening experiments support the CIE observation that Av‐PS seemed to lack two of the intermediate allergens. The HEP values determined for Av‐ALK and Av‐PS diverge considerably from those stated by the manufacturers. The results obtained demonstrate that the outcome of a comparison between a reference allergenic extract and allergenic products dep

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1985.tb00232.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Daily sensitization of SPF BNxWi/Fu rats with ovalbumin (OA) in aerosol during 2‐week periods with a 4‐week interval resulted after 7 weeks in IgE, IgA and IgG antibodies in serum and bronchial fluid. After cultivation of the regional, axillary, brachial and mediastinal (ABM) lymph node cells, IgE antibodes were found in the culture supernatant. Such antibodies were not found in culture supernatants of spleen and inguinal lymph nodes. Regional formation of IgE antibodies was also noted in the ABM lymph node cell culture supernatants after subcutaneous (s.c.) injections of 100 ng OA in the neck region. When the injections were given in the tail‐root region, the inguinal but not the ABM lymp nodes produced the IgE antibodies. The s.c. sensitization induced inconsistent and rather low IgG and no IgA antibody responses. The aerosol but not the s.c. sensitization induced accumulations of mononuclear cells and mucous cells in the lungs. Clinically, the rats sensitized s.c. in the neck region reacted to aerosol and intravenous (i.v.) challenge as early as 1 week after sensitization had started, whereas the animals sensitized in the tail‐root regions reacted 7 and 8 weeks after repeated sensitization. The animals sensitized by aerosol showed only weak clinical reactivity after i.v. ch

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1985.tb00233.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY