摘要:

In 2,368 consecutive adult patients with asthma and/or rhinitis the incidence of positive skin prick test (SPT) with a chironomid extract (CHIR) (produced from “red feather mosquito larvae” used as fish food) was 14% (26% in atopics and 4% in non‐atopics). RAST with chironomid was positive in 4% of 110 consecutive sera (8% in atopic sera). Significant correlations were found between RAST and SPT results with chironomid and between SPT results with CHIR and with various crustaceans. Correlations were also found reciprocally among SPT results with different crustaceans and between some crustaceans and moluscs (clam and oyster) as well as among RAST results with chironomid, shrimp and crab. Inhibition experiments showed that chironomid extracts inhibited RAST with shrimp, and vice versa. It is concluded that Chironomidae might be allergens of clinical importance in asthma and rhinitis in Sweden, that cross‐allergy exists between chironomids and shrimp and that cross‐allergy also might occur among chironomids, crustaceans and

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1989.tb00451.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

IgG, IgM and IgA antibody responses againstMicropolyspora faeni (Mf)antigens were studied by means of immunoblotting experiments using 70 sera derived from three groups of farmers, namely patients with extrinsic allergic alveolitis (EAA) due to thermophilic actinomycetes (n= 25), patients without EAA but with hay exposure (n= 14), and patients suspected to have EAA (n= 31), and 27 sera from two groups of control persons (healthy laboratory workers,n= 13; healthy farmers,n= 14). Patients with EAA showed IgG, IgM and IgA antibody responses mainly against the antigens with molecular weights (MW) of 11, 12, 25, 35 and 60 kD (“major antigens”), and in addition, but less often, against six antigens with MW in the range of 15 to 62.5 kD (“minor antigens”). The other two groups of patients and also the exposed control persons showed very similar results; however, the antibody response in healthy farmers was substantially weaker in comparison to the three groups of patients and was almost limited to the major antigens with MW 11, 25 and 60 kD. Although patients with proven EAA had higher amounts of antibodies, there was no correlation between this antibody response and the onset of disease. The results indicate the necessity of including at least the major antigens with MW of 11, 25 and 60 kD in all extracts used for in vitro diagnosis ofMf‐in

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1989.tb00452.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We investigated thein vitroproliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) fromParietaria‐allergic subjects, atopic patients with other sensitizations and healthy controls toParietaria judaicapollen extracts. PBMC from almost all 44 subjects, divided into five groups (Parietaria‐, grass‐,Parietariaand grass‐,Dermatophagoides‐sensitive patients and normal individuals) were able to proliferate in response to the extract without statistically significant differences between groups. Mean values of the stimulation indexes for the five groups were respectively: 10.73, 3.18, 5.50, 10,56, 9.28. The results of separation experiments showed that the responding cells were T lymphocytes. Mitogenic effect of theParietariapollen extract was excluded by the absence of proliferative PBMC response from cord blood of seven newborns. These results indicate thatParietaria‐sensitive, other atopics and normal individuals haveParietaria‐specific T cells able to proliferatein vitrotoPariet

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1989.tb00453.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Hypersensitivity to dogs and cats causes asthma in many children. In this open controlled clinical study we wanted to establish whether immnunotherapy can be recommended as a supplement to conventional medical therapy in dog‐ and cat‐induced asthma in children. Twenty‐seven children with mean age 10 7/12 years and with allergy to dog or cat according to anamnesis, skin prick test (SPT), specific IgE (RAST) and bronchial provocation test (BPT) entered the study. On the basis of age and bronchial sensitivity they were randomly allocated to either immunotherapy with dog or cat extract (active group,n= 14) or conventional medical therapy (control group,n= 13). Immunotherapy comprised subcutaneous injections with an alum‐adsorbed depot extract (Alutard‐SQ), and a maintenance dose of 100,000 SQ‐U or the maximum tolerated dose. Before entering the study and after 9 months' therapy the patients were evaluated by BPT, SPT, RAST ‐ and IgG4analyses. The active group showed statistically significant change in bronchial tolerance (P0.05) The change in skin sensitivity was significantly greater in the active group than in the control group (P<0.05), whereas no significant differences were found in RAST and IgG4. However, a significant (P=0.05) increase in IgG4was seen in the active but not in the control group. Frequency and degree of side effects in this study we

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1989.tb00454.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

All eight production workers from a small trout‐processing factory were studied because of respiratory or rhinitis symptoms when working next to the automatic gutting machine. Seven of the eight had positive histamine provocation tests. Four patients had elevated total IgE levels while one had a slightly elevated eosinophil count. All workers had either weakly or moderately positive RAST against contaminated water from the outlet drain of the gutting machine. This water contained 1 μg endotoxin/ml. We concluded that five of the workers had probably developed occupationally related asthma from inhalation of contaminated aerosol from the gutting machine. Inhalation of endotoxin from gram‐negative bacteria may be the cause of this disorder. An alternative explanation is a Type I allergy caused by fish or bacterial protein with or without a simultaneous effect of endot

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1989.tb00455.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Airway challenges with allergen are frequently followed by an increase in responsiveness to both specific and unspecific stimuli. This phenomenon in the lower airways has been linked to the presence of a late phase response to allergen challenge. One of the hallmarks of the late phase response is a tissue infiltration of granulocytes, specifically the eosinophils. A hypothesis for the increase in responsiveness has been that local activation of these eosinophils with subsequent release of the toxic granular constituents leads to a decrease in the barrier function of the airway epithelium. The aim of the present study was to further explore this hypothesis. Ten patients with previously demonstrated nasal allergen‐induced hyperresponsiveness participated in a double‐blind cross‐over study involving pretreatment for various periods with topical glucocorticosteroids. The patients were challenged intranasally with allergen on one day, rechallenge 24 h later and the increase in responsiveness noted. In a nasal lavage performed immediately prior to challenge the number of eosinophilic granulocutes and the level of eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP) was determined. As expected, the placebo‐treated patients demonstrated an increase in nasal responsiveness at rechallenge accompanied by a tendency for an increase in eosinophils as well as ECP in the lavage preceding the rechallenge compared with the initial allergen challenge 24 h previously. The amount of ECP found in the lavage on the second day correlated with the TAME‐esterase activity, a marker of ongoing inflammatory activity (r = 0.64;P<0.05) in the same lavage, suggesting participation of the eosinophilic granulocyte in the inflammatory response to allergen. However, there were no correlations between number of eosinophils or ECP content in the nasal lavages on the first or second day and the degree of the increased responsiveness obtained on the second day. Further, topical treatment with glucocorticosteroids, which totally abolished the increased responsiveness, did not appear to significantly change the levels of ECP in the nasal lavage prior to the initial or re‐challenge. It is therefore suggested that the increase in responsiveness seen after an airway allergen challenge is not only a result of eosinophil activation but is a more complex

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1989.tb00456.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The dose‐response effects of inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) and budesonide (BUD) administered b.i.d. with the aid of metered dose aerosols were studied in 128 patients (67 men and 61 women, mean age 53 years) suffering from asthma bronchiale. The study was designed as a multi‐centre, double‐blind, four‐period cross‐over study, followed by a single‐blind double placebo period. BDP was administered in doses of 400 and 1000 μg, and BUD in doses of 400 and 800 μg. The results in terms of peak expiratory flow (PEF) in the morning and evening, daily symptoms score and use of inhaled β2‐agonists did not reveal any clinically significant differences between the drugs or between high (800 μg BUD, 1000 μg BDP) and low (400 mg BUD/BDP) doses. However, statistically significant differences were recorded for the corresponding parameters when comparing the placebo with preceding steroid periods. Adverse effects consisting mainly of oropharyngeal candidiasis, hoarseness and cough occurred in 54 of 468 treatment months (12 %). The carry‐over effects of inhaled steroids are longer lasting than wa

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1989.tb00457.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

With a new allergen‐coated lancet (Phazet), skin prick tests can be made directly on the skin without separate use of liquid extract (the Phazet dry method), and reactions are recorded as for the ordinary method with liquid allergen extract (Pharmalgen) (the Pharmalgen wet method). 100 children were tested in parallel with the two methods. As a double control each Phazet was used twice (Phazet 1 and 2) in each child, who was tested with nine standard allergens. Good agreement was found between the results obtained with the two methods and also between Phazet 1 and Phazet 2. No general reactions were shown in relation to the numerous skin prick tests with allergen extract of a strength up to 100,000 BU/ml. 66% of the children preferred the Phazet while 22% had no preferenc

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1989.tb00458.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1989.tb00459.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Kurth, K.(ed.): Regulatory control and standardization of allergenic extracts.Kay, A. B.(ed.): The allergic basis of asthma. Baillieres clinical immunology and allergy. International practice and research. Vol. 2, No. 1.Mygind, N.&Pipkorn, U(eds.): Allergic and vasomotor rhinitis: pathophysiological aspects.

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1989.tb00460.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY