摘要:

This article presents a nomenclature system for allergens which has been officially recommended by the International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS). The nomenclature is based on proposals of the IUIS Sub‐Committee for Allergen Nomenclature and is applicable to highly purified well‐characterized allergens and to non‐purified or partially purified allergenic ext

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1988.tb00413.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Studies on the effect of cAMP‐inducing agents on NK activity have been contradictory. The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effects of beta‐agonists on NK activityin vivoin 15 asthmatics and 3 healthy volunteers. Blood samples of NK activity were taken at regular intervals after placebo and after subcutaneous injection of 7 μg/kg of terbutaline. NK activity was measured by the standard 4‐h Chromium51release assay against the leukemic line K 562 at a 50:1 effector/target cell ratio. Compared with placebo, terbutaline induced within 30–60 min a significant increase in NK activity which lasted less than 2 h. Further studies are necessary to investigate the effect of long‐term beta‐agonist treatment on

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1988.tb00414.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Budesonide by inhalation and placebo were tested in 18 patients with moderate chronic bronchial asthma. Three dose levels of budesonide were used (25, 100 and 400 μg q.i.d.) and the patients were to take two puffs q.i.d. in all periods. The active treatment was investigated using double‐blind cross‐over technique, and placebo at the end of the trial. The duration of each treatment period was 2 weeks. The study showed a high drop‐out frequency while on placebo and that the PEF values were influenced in a dose‐dependent way by budesonide. In spite of the double‐blindness the patients had a tendency towards overuse of the trial aerosol on the lowest dose, but they used significantly less than prescribed during the period with the highest dose. No side effects wer

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1988.tb00415.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The study was performed on 13 asthmatic patients to determine whether inhaled dipyridamole would act directly by inducing bronchoconstriction or indirectly by potentiating the adenosine‐induced bronchoconstriction. The study was performed in 3 consecutive days. On the first day adenosine challenge was performed and the PD20value calculated. On the other days the adenosine challenge was done 5 min after randomized inhalations of dipyridamole or a control solution. The mean percent change in FEV1after dipyridamole (Δ%= 2.0) and control solution (Δ%= 1.0) was not significant. Inhaled adenosine caused bronchoconstriction with a geometric mean PD20of 1.09 mg. After control solution inhalation, a mean PD20value of 1.31 mg was observed. Dipyridamole inhalation increased adenosine hyperresponsiveness and in all subjects shifted the dose‐response curves of adenosine challenge to the left with a mean PD20value of 0.40 mg. This enhancing effect of dipyridamole was significant when compared with the baseline value (P<0.01) and control solution (P<0.O1). The study demonstrated that dipyridamole inhalation increased airway responsiveness to adenosine in all subjects. This effect is due to indirect activity of dipyridamole on airways without changes in baseline airway ca

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1988.tb00416.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The combining site specificities of IgE antibodies that react with the oral antibacterial agent trimethoprim and found in the sera of two subjects who experienced anaphylaxis after taking the drug, were investigated. Hapten inhibition studies with some close analogues of trimethoprim and a range of other structurally related compounds showed that the allergenic determinant complementary to the IgE antibodies in the serum of one of the subjects was the 3,4‐dimethoxybenzyl group. The complementary allergenic structure recognized by the IgE antibodies in the serum from the second subject comprised both the trimethoxybenzyl and diaminopyrimidine rings of trimethoprim. Thus, as with thiopentone, but unlike the neuromuscular blocking drugs, the trimethoprim molecule has more than one determinant each with the capacity to provoke IgE formation, interact with the antibody combining site and provoke drug‐induced allergic reactions. The general approach set out here employing carefully selected structural analogues in hapten inhibition studies should be invaluable for confirming specificity and identifying allergenic determinants in IgE antibody‐mediated allergic drug reac

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1988.tb00417.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Yeast allergen extracts ofCandida albicans, C. pseudotropicalis, C. krusei, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis, C. guilliermondi, C. humicola, C. norwegica, C. utilis, Cryptococcus albidus, Geotrichum candidum, Pityrosporon pachydermatis, P. ovale, Rhodotorula minuta, R. rubra, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Torulopsis glabrataandTrichosporon cutaneumwere investigated regarding their common allergenic properties. The enzyme immunoassay (EIA) using rabbit antiCandida albicansantiserum showed remarkable immunological cross‐reactivity only between theCandidaspecies. However, there was a significant multiple sensitivity to the extracts ofC. albicans, C. utilis, Cr. albidus, R. rubra, andS. cerevisiaein skin prick testing in atopic patients, suggesting the possible presence of one or more common skin reactive allergen

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1988.tb00418.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The growth ofC. albicansyeast in the nasopharynx and in the anus as well as allergy symptoms were followed up for 8 months in 67 patients with bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis and/or atopic eczema. 38 of the patients were skin prick test positive and 29 negative toC. albicansallergen extract. 32 of the patients had positive and 19 negative delayed skin reactions. The nasal, bronchial and skin symptoms of the yeast‐sensitive allergic patients were not associated with the nasopharyngeal nor anal occurrence ofC. albicansor other yeasts. The use of nasal or inhaled steroids had no effect on the occurrence ofCandidain the nasopharynx. It was observed that immediate skin sensitivity had a positive correlation and the delayed sensitivity a negative correlation with the occurrence ofC. albicansgrowth in nasopharynx and anus. These findings are in agreement with the concept that impaired cell‐mediated immunity toC. albicanslead to increased IgE response. This may explain the increased liability towardsC. albicansnasopharyngeal and gastrointestinal “saprophytic”

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1988.tb00419.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Possible associations between allergy to grass pollen and positive skin tests to food allergens were studied in 102 children monosensitized (as to inhalant allergens) to grass pollen, and in 117 children monosensitized (as to inhalant allergens) toDermatophagoides. Thirty‐two foods were tested by an epicutaneous method. Positive skin tests to food allergens were more frequent in children with allergy to grass pollen (59.8%) than in children with allergy toDermatophagoides(9.4%). A considerably high frequency of positive reactions to tomato (39.2%), peanut (22,5%), green pea (13.7%), and wheat (11.7%) was observed in children with allergy to grass pollen. Positive skin tests to peanut closely correlated with positive RAST results and nasal provocation tests, whereas in children with skin test positivity to tomato a close correlation with nasal provocation tests but a 45 % correlation with a positive RAST result were observed. RAST inhibition experiments were carried out, and the results may suggest the presence of cross‐reacting IgE to grass pollen, tomato, and peanut antigens. Clinical implications of these findings are discussed in the light of histories of food hypersensitivity, urticaria‐angioedema, and atopic dermatitis in children with allergy to grass p

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1988.tb00420.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The efficacy and side effects of the oral H1‐antihistamine, astemizole, were compared with those of nasal beclomethasone in 158 adult birch‐pollen allergic hay fever patients. 148 patients completed the 5‐week, controlled trial which took place in Stockholm, May 1986, during the birch pollen season. Daily pollen counts were found to be at a rather low level throughout the study period. The effect and tolerability of both drugs were found to be excellent, although beclomethasone reduced nasal symptoms (sneezing, rhinorrhoea, blocked nose) significantly more effectively than astemizole. Eye symptoms were mild and equal in both groups. The results indicate that oral astemizole is an effective non‐sedating antihistamine, though less so than nasal beclomethasone, in the treatment of nasal hay fever s

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1988.tb00421.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We have examined the measurements of LTC4and histamine in nasal lavage fluids and blown secretions as a possible model of the early mediator events during nasal allergy. A nasal challenge with grass pollen extract was undertaken on two separate occasions in 20 patients with a history of seasonal rhinitis and a positive immediate skin test to grass pollen. A 2 ml nasal lavage was performed before allergen challenge, and blown secretion collected separately 15 min after the provocation, followed by a final 2 ml nasal lavage. The dilution of nasal secretion by the lavage fluid was determined using99mTc‐labelled albumin as an exogenous marker added to the fluid. The amounts of admixture in the nasal lavages did not correlate to the concentrations of LTC4and histamine, indicating that the variable amounts of nasal secretion in nasal lavage do not constitute a confounding variable for measurements of LTC4and histamine. In the pre‐challenge lavages, the median concentrations, of LTC4and histamine were 1.7 and 52 nmol/1 respectively. Following allergen challenge neither LTC4nor histamine measured in nasal lavage showed any significant change from pre‐challenge baseline values. However, measurements of both mediators in the blown secretion showed a significantly higher concentration than in the pre‐ or post‐challenge lavage samples, compatible with transitory release during the acute allergic reaction. However, it seems doubtful whether measurements of LTC4or histamine can be compared between blown secretion and nasal lavage fluid, even if the dilution factor is disregarded. While allergen provocation of the nasal mucosa releases inflammatory mediators locally, uncontrolled variables confound their measurement in the nasal lavage fluids to an extent which limits the application of this model to study details of mediator release during nasa

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1988.tb00422.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY