摘要:

Tobacco smoking is associated with increased prevalence of various diseases. In this study, we have used an indirect enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to investigate the specific IgG response to pigeon serum and its relationship to tobacco smoking. In a large group of pigeon fanciers the development of pigeon breeder's disease and some of the clinical features were also investigated. We found a sensitization rate of 31.9%, a lower degree than that found by other authors, in spite of using a less specific antigen. We also found that fanciers who are current cigarette smokers had significantly lower levels of IgG antibody to pigeon serum (P<0.001). Finally, 11.9% of the population had chronic bronchitis as their only manifestation of possible pigeon‐related disease. 19.6% of the sensitized fanciers had chronic bronchitis, were non‐smokers and had no other risk factor for developing chronic bronc

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00580.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A newin vitroscreening test for inhalant allergy (Phadiatop®, Pharmacia Uppsala, Sweden) was evaluated for its effectiveness in identifying allergic patients. The test is based on the radio‐allergo‐sorbent‐test (RAST®). Specific IgE antibodies to different inhalant allergens are detected simultaneously. Serum samples from 300 patients and controls were run with Phadiatop. 96% of 150 patients with proved allergic disease were correctly identified by Phadiatop. 92% of 150 individuals without clinically relevant allergic hypersensitivity were found correctly to be negative. Allergic disease was proved or excluded by case history, skin prick test, RAST and, in some cases, additionally by provocation ch

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00581.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In general, specific immunotherapy with hymenoptera venoms can be considered as safe, but occasionally there are patients who cannot reach the maintenance dose due to repeated systemic reactions (RSR) or who suffer from RSR during maintenance therapy. In a multicenter retrospective study comprising seven departments in Germany, Austria and Switzerland 23 patients with RSR were reported from approximately 3000 patients treated with hymenoptera venoms (bee and wasp venom to approximately equivalent frequency). From these, 22 were allergic to bee venom and only one to vespid venom. In general the clinical symptoms of RSR were milder than the initial reaction. But 4/23 (18%) exhibited cardiovascular reactions up to full shock. Neither anamnestic details, reactivity in skin tests orin vitrotests revealed a special pattern of patients with RSR. In some patients, however, an extremely high reactivity in the skin test was found and may indicate the possibility of further RSR.

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00582.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The aim of the present study was to investigate the migratory responses of eosinophil and neutrophil granulocytes from asthmatic patients compared with granulocytes from healthy individuals. Twenty‐three patients with unstable and severe asthma and blood eosinophilia (>400 × 106cells/l) were selected for the study. Eosinophil and neutrophil chemotactic and chemokinetic responses were tested twice, at the beginning and end of a 5 week treatment period. Lung function was followed by daily measurements of PEF. The eosinophils of the asthmatics demonstrated increased chemokinetic responses to albumin, autologous serum, and normal human serum (NHS), and an increased chemotactic response to NHS at the beginning of the treatment period compared with eosinophils from the references. At the end of the period, the eosinophil chemokinetic responses to albumin, autologous serum and NHS were still increased and so was the chemotactic response to zymosan‐activated serum (ZAS). The neutrophil migratory responses were not increased compared with those of the references, except for the chemokinetic response to autologous serum, which was increased both at the beginning and end of the treatment period. Patients in whom die eosinophil migratory responses, to most of the agents used, decreased over the treatment period, demonstrated a significantly greater improvement of their lung function at the end of the period compared with patients in whom the eosinophil migratory responses increased. However, no direct relationship between eosinophil migratory responses and lung function of the patients was found. In conclusion, the present investigation demonstrated increased migratory responses of eosinophils from asthmatic patients. This enhanced responsiveness is proposed to be due to priming of the eosinophilsin vivo, and might be one mechanism behind the selective recruitment of eosinophils to the lungs of asthma

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00583.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We examined the ability of the inhaled leukotriene D4antagonist (L‐648, 051) to inhibit antigen‐induced asthmatic responses. Twelve patients with stable exogenous asthma participated in two separate double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, cross‐over trials. The ability of the antagonist to reverse or inhibit antigen‐induced bronchoconstrictor response was examined; both the immediate and the late phases were studied. In the reversal study, patients inhaled 800 μ of L‐648, 051 during the immediate phase (15 min after antigen challenge) and again during in the late phase (7 h after antigen challenge). In the prevention study, the same dose (800 μ) of L‐648, 051 was inhaled before the expected immediate reaction (5 min before antigen challenge) as well as before the expected late reaction (2.5 h after antigen challenge). The LTD4antagonist was not effective in reversing the airway response to inhaled antigen, as measured by airway resistance (Rt), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) or forced vital capacity (FVC). When the antagonist was given prior to antigen challenge, a slight reduction in R1was observed during the immediate phase, but not during the late phase. Some improvement in FEV1and FVC during the immediate phase was also observed, but these changes did not reach statistical significance. These results suggest that LTD4plays a role in the immediate phase of antig

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00584.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We report on a patient with asthma induced by occupational exposure to α‐amylase derived fromAspergillus oryzae, which is a component of bread additives. A type I hypersensitivity to this enzyme was demonstrated by means of skin test, immunoassay for specific IgE, and immediate bronchial provocation test response to an α‐amylase ex

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00585.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Sensitization to mould spores was investigated in six patients with hypersensitivity pneumonitis, eight patients with idiopathic lung fibrosis, and six healthy controls by immunodiffusion and immunofluorescent testing of personal spore samples. The new technique of personal spore sampling with the Burkard personal volumetric air sampler and indirect immunofluorescent test for detection of spore‐specific IgG and IgM confirmed that five patients with hypersensitivity pneumonitis and four with lung fibrosis were actually exposed and sensitized to moulds. Personal spore sampling and subsequent immunofluorescent tests represent sensitive tools for detection of individual mould sensitization and air quality contro

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00586.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Antigenic extracts prepared from pollen samples collected at weekly intervals during the same season did not exhibit significant variation in protein concentration. Stored pollen samples from different years, however, showed highly significant variations in protein concentration. The protein content of samples from different ecozones of India also varied (CV =± 32%). The IEF and SDS‐PAGE patterns were almost identical in samples from the same season, but were variable in the samples stored from different years and different parts of India. IgE binding proteins from different samples also varied depending on the overall protein profiles. Almost all the patients, however, showed IgE binding to four proteins at 50, 60, 66 and 70 kD, indicating the important allergenic components ofHoloptelea integrifol

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00587.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In a previous study guinea pigs inbred for their ability to develop respiratory anaphylaxis to experimental antigens have been used for comparison of different forms of immunotherapy (IT). Passive, active and combined (immune complexes prepared from antigen and specific IgG) IT was compared with placebo. In the present study methods were evaluated for determination of the allergen‐specific IgE and IgG. IgE was determined by the passive cutaneous anaphylactic test (PCA) and the variability of this test on different strains of the recipient guinea pig was investigated. The same strain as used for the IT study was found to produce the most potent response. Radioimmunometric assays (RIA) were developed and validated for determination of specific IgG1and IgG2. The IgE and IgG immune response in animals from the IT study were then evaluated by means of PCA and RIA. Animals from all four treatment groups were sensitized during the first part of the IT study, and responded with a marked IgE synthesis which later stabilized on a more moderate level. In spite of notably reduced symptoms in groups treated with active and combined IT, no difference in the IgE level was found between the four groups. In contrast to IgE, mean group titers of IgG1and IgG2in the groups receiving active or combined IT rose drastically during the first part of therapy and closely paralleled the clinical response during the rest of the study period. However, in the individual animals, no correlations were found between immune response and clinical symptoms. Thus, the strong IgG response during immunotherapy may not be causally related to the outcome of treatmen

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00588.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The interaction between the nervous system, immune system and bronchial reactivity was studied in rat by using the neurotoxin capsaicin. Rats were treated with capsaicin at 1‐2 days of age or at adult age, before or after sensitization by subcutaneous injections with ovalbumin (OA). The levels of the neuropeptides neurokinin A and calcitonin gene‐related peptide were decreased in the lung after capsaicin treatment, as determined with radioimmunoassay, whereas the levels of neuropeptide Y were unaffected. The levels of IgA, IgE and IgG in bronchial lavage were also affected by capsaicin treatment; however, the results were heterogeneous. Capsaicin treatment after sensitization reduced the bronchial reactivity to challenge with OA aerosol and serotonin iv. The results demonstrated that reduction of neuropeptide levels with capsaicin affected both bronchial reactivity and the levels of antibodies in bronchial lavage fluid. However, no correlation between these two parameters was seen, demonstrating the complexity of the sys

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00589.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY