ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1996.tb04594.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1996.tb04595.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Ruëff F, Przybilla B, Müller U, Mosbech H. The sting challenge test in Hymenoptera venom allergy. Position paper of the Subcommittee on Insect Venom Allergy of the European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology. Allergy 1996: 51: 216–225. © Munksgaard

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1996.tb04596.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We examined the performance of a number of laboratory tests in 23 patients who had had symptoms suggesting asthma, such as cough, sputum secretion, and chest tightness with wheezing, for less than a year. Even the best test, histamine challenge, had a sensitivity of only 48%. When more tests were added, sensitivity rose: with peak expiratory flow added, the sensitivity was 65%; with sputum eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) added, to 74%; and with serum ECP added, to 78%. Thus, a combination of tests measuring lung function and activation of eosinophils yielded fair, if not good, results. It appears that sensitivity could be increased further through the development of improved sputum tests.

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1996.tb04597.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The prevalences of asthma, allergic rhinitis (AR), and eczema were analyzed in relation to retrospective risk factors from birth in a questionnaire study of schoolchildren in two areas covering the whole climatic span of Sweden: the Göteborg area on the southwestern coast (7‐year‐olds,n= 1649) and Kiruna, a mining town in the northernmost inland mountains (7–9‐year‐olds,n= 832). The strongest background factor, a family history of the diseases, was more common in children with another strong risk factor, particularly for asthma: high frequency of upper respiratory tract infection (URTI). Other significant risk factors related to high indoor humidity caused an increased prevalence of both allergic diseases and URTI. Active mechanical ventilation of the homes caused a slight reduction of the prevalence of allergic diseases, and repainting or new wallpaper in the bedroom of the child after birth caused a moderately increased risk of allergic disease. This study illustrates the interaction between genetic and environmental risk factors with special emphasis on factors related to an unventilated indoor climate, which may have substantially contributed to the current increase of the diseases in t

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1996.tb04598.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The present study was designed to investigate the effects of immunotherapy (IT) with an extract ofDermatophagoides pteronyssinus(Alergo‐Merck Depot®) during a 27‐month period in patients with allergic asthma to house‐dust mites. We included 11 patients (mean age 18 years) treated with a combination of IT and inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) in comparison to another II (mean age 22 years) treated with BDP alone. We evaluated symptom scores, salbutamol use, peak expiratory flow rates (PEFR), spirometry, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) during 18 months of therapy with BDP and in the 9 months after BDP interruption. The two kinds of treatment were efficient and comparable in relation to symptom score, salbutamol use, morning PEFR, FVC, and FEV1, but patients treated with IT and BDP had a faster improvement of BHR and PEFR variability. The interruption of BDP after 18 months of therapy was linked to an impairment of all end points, which were more pronounced in patients previously treated only with BDP. These findings suggest that in selected asthmatic patients allergic to house‐dust mites, the association of IT and BDP is more effective than therapy with this inhaled steroid alone due to a faster and more striking improvement during the first months of treatment and to a lower rate of relapse after the interruption of therapy

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1996.tb04599.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This trial studied the behavior of a marker of eosinophilic inflammation, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), in the peripheral blood of two groups of subjects with seasonal allergic respiratory symptoms (rhinitis and mild bronchial asthma) induced by pollen allergens ofParietaria, judaica(P.j.) (one group treated and another untreated with specific immunotherapy [SIT]), to determine what contribution these serial measurements might provide, in comparison with various other tools now available for pollinosis monitoring. In a previously randomized order, we selected 25 patients with monosensitization toP.j. pollen allergens; among them, 12 had started SIT with aP.j. extract in autumn 1993. As a control group, 13 patients were untreated. All patients were studied with various tests at four different times: time I ‐ November 1993; time II ‐ February 1994; time III ‐ end of May 1994; and time IV ‐ September 1994. Blood samples for determination of serum ECP were collected at each time. Methacholine challenge tests were performed at times I and III. A pollen count was also carried out. A statistically significant difference (P<0.05) was observed in mean ECP levels at times I and 111 in SIT treated and untreated patients. The interaction between groups and time was not significant. No statistically significant difference was found between PD20FEV1values at times I and III in either group. After 1 year of treatment, we did not find any effect of SIT on bronchial hyperresponsiveness or on ECP serum

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1996.tb04600.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Mizolastine is a new, nonsedating antihistamine providing satisfactory symptom relief in allergic rhinitis and urticaria. The purpose of this study was to use the wheal and flare skin reactions model to assess the maintenance of the pharmacodynamic effect of mizolastine, administered for 2 months. This double‐blind, parallel‐group study involved 60 atopic patients randomly allocated, after a 1‐week placebo run‐in, to once‐daily 10 mg mizolastine (n= 29) or placebo (n= 31) groups. Treatment continued for 8 weeks. Prick tests were performed in duplicate with histamine chlorhydrate (10mg/ml), codeine phosphate (9%), and five increasing concentrations (1–500 reactivity index/ml) of standardized allergen extracts (grass pollen or mites) at days 0, 7, 28, 42, and 56. After 7 days of treatment, inhibition of histamine‐induced wheal was ‐76% and + 20%, respectively, with mizolastine and placebo (P= 0.0001), in comparison with baseline; inhibition of flare was ‐ 86% and + 50%, respectively, with mizolastine and placebo (P =0.0001). Suppression was maintained to a similar extent throughout the study. Results were consistent between histamine‐, codeine‐, and allergen‐induced tests. Safety was satisfactory in both groups. This study confirms mizolastine as a potent antihistamine which does not induce subsensitivity when taken for 8 weeks, and which can be safely recommended

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1996.tb04601.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ELISA (enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay) inhibition with a monoclonal antibody (mAb) (42B6) toLepidoglyphus destructorwas used to detect and quantify the storage‐mite allergens in 30 dust samples collected from barns. Regarding the mite fauna, microscopic inspection of the barn dust and mite counts showed thatL. destructorinfested all 30 barns investigated (range 430–195400 mites/g dust). In 29/30 barns,L. destructorconstituted more than 70% of the Astigmata species.Acarus sirowas found in 26 samples, the highest value being 16 155 nites/g. NoDermatophagoidesspecies were found. As to mites of the suborder of Prostigmata, species belonging to seven different families were detected. Besides the predominantL. destructor, allergens derived from other storage mites such asGlycyphagus domesticus, A. siro, andTyrophagus putrescentiuehave previously been assessed by this ELISA method. The correlation between number of mites and concentrations of mite antigen as measured by ELISA was assessed by linear regression (r2= 0.83). Thus, inhibition of mAb 42B6 in ELISA would seem to offer a simple and reliable method to detect levels of dust‐mite species belonging to the Acaridae and Glycyphagidae f

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1996.tb04602.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A 31‐year‐old machinist experienced acute symptoms of rhinoconjunctivitis, coughing, shortness of breath, and wheezing after sudden exposure to fumes containing isocyanates and solvents. Lung function tests carried out 11 days after the event showed reduced flow rates. Forty days after the acute inhalational injury, expiratory flows improved, and the PC20was 0.8 mg/ml, showing moderate bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Six days later, the subject underwent bronchoscopy. Bronchial biopsies showed a marked loss of epithelial cells, severe subepithelial oedema, and inflammatory cells infiltrate (mainly lymphocytes). The subject was given inhaled steroids. The PC20was back to normal 42 days later. Bronchial biopsies then showed incomplete regeneration of the epithelial layer with few ciliated cells and persistence of inflammation (lymphocyte infiltrate) in epithelia and connective tissue. We conclude that irritant exposure to a mixture of isocyanates and solvents can cause occupational asthma without a latency period, i.e., reactive airways dysfunction syndr

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1996.tb04603.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY