ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1981.tb01829.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Melittin, a mast cell lytic agent which comprises 50% of the protein content of bee venom, may be responsible for some of the severe reactions produced by bee stings in allergic and non‐allergic individuals. We therefore investigated some of the biologic properties of this molecule in mice and found that repeated intradermal injections of melittin without adjuvant induced IgE formation in mice. In addition, melittin as well as another surfactant, saponin, were potent adjuvants for IgE formation in mice when mixed with ovalbumin (Ov). Titres of 1280 and 2560 to ovalbumin were produced in CBA mice after two injections of melittin and Ov or saponin and Ov. Melittin was also shown to have an enhancing effect on the vascular permeability induced by an antigen antibody interaction in mouse skin. Evan's blue dye was injected intravenously into ovalbumin‐sensitized mice which had been injected intradermally with ovalbumin alone, melittin alone or a mixture of melittin and ovalbumin. The amount of local extravasation of dye was significantly greater in the area injected with the melittin and ovalbumin mixture than the amount of dye obtained from the skin site injected with melittin alone plus that extracted from the site injected with ovalbumin al

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1981.tb01830.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The prophylactic effect of oral and inhaled sodium cromoglycate (SCG) in challenge tests of patients with IgE‐mediated food allergy or sensitivity towards acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) was investigated. In food allergic patients SCG administered orally protected against an asthmatic reaction whereas inhaled SCG was without effect. In ASA sensitivity neither oral nor inhaled SCG protected the patients against bronchospasms. SCG seems to act on mucosal surfaces and may inhibit uptake of macromolecular antigens but not affect the absorption of AS

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1981.tb01831.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In 120 patients, treated for scabies infection, the serum IgE concentrations fell from high levels in 54 and normal levels in 66 to lower levels 12 months after treatment. The specific IgE antibodies toDermatophagoides pteronyssinus(RAST) were also reduced 12 months after treatment. The decrease in both IgE concentrations and IgE antibodies was most conspicuous in non‐atopic patients. These findings confirm previous observations of specific immunological hypersensitivity to scabies mite, and that scabies infection stimulates the production of IgE antibodie

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1981.tb01832.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study from Danish general practice with the participation of 131 practices covering a population of 450, 000 persons assesses all consultations concerning asthma during a 1‐year period from June 1977.Asthma was defined as paroxysmal bouts of dyspnoea of an expiratory type.Results are presented from three groups of practices differing in their self‐estimated rate of reporting. A total of seven to nine per 1000 of the population contacted a general practice during the study year (men: 7–10, women: 6–8). The prevalence may be described by a two‐peaked curve with maxima at ages 5–14 years and 50–70 years. In the former group the prevalence rate among boys is double that of girls. In the latter group asthma is more common among women until the age of 55, after that age it is more common among men. More than half of the patients consulted with symptoms during the study year. The isle of Fyn had a lower prevalence rate with and without symptoms than all other regions.The consultation rate was 5.7 per asthma patient per year. In about 25–30% of these consultations patients presented with symptoms. The isle of Fyn had the lowest co

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1981.tb01833.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Grass pollen hay fever patients were hyposensitized in a prospective 3‐year double blind study with two timothy extracts. Group WPA (20 patients) was treated with partially purified extract = whole pollen allergens (WPA) (Alutard®SQ) and group PPA (20 patients) was treated with a purified pollen allergen (PPA) = two isolated major allergens, Ag19 and Ag25. Both aluminiumhydroxide adsorbed extracts were biologically standardized. Clinical results from the first season have been recently published and WPA showed significantly fewer symptoms (P= 0.001) than PPA. Corresponding preseasonal and seasonalin vitroresults are presented here.Serum total IgE, specific IgE versus total and individual allergens of timothy pollen and allergen‐specific IgG showed a rapid increase in both groups until the season but showed no further increase or decrease during the season. Specific IgE was shown to correlate to specific IgG during hyposensitization.Group WPA, with fewer symptoms in grass pollen season than group PPA showed a significantly higher increase of specific IgG and IgE than group PPA, but individual symptom scores were not correlated to specific IgG or IgE, or their ratio.Specific IgE and IgG increases were not correlated to dosage. Surprisingly, almost all females were low‐responders to specific IgG and IgE though they had equal symptom scores, dosage, and side effects as males, while the characteristics of high‐responders to antibody were: youngest individuals and shortest duration of symptoms prior to treatment.Crossed radioimmunoelectrophoresis (CRIE) showed specific reaction to stimuli but no development of allergy against new timothy antigens.High response of IgE to Ag 19 in CRIE during initial hyposensitization seems suitable as marker for prospective evaluation of clinical effect in grass pollen hyposensitization.Nasal secretion was collected after methacholine provocation, and total IgE and specific IgE detected. There was no response to treatment, only a slight increase during the season. No decrease in nasal reactivity to methacholine was noted during one preseasonal hyposensi

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1981.tb01834.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Wheal and flare reactions as well as a late cutaneous allergic reaction (LCAR) were induced by anti‐human IgE in healthy subjects. The effect of the β2‐adrenoceptor stimulant terbutaline, the histamine‐1 (H1) receptor blocking agent mepyramine and the synthetic glucocorticoid betamethasone on these reactions was studied. All administrations were given intradermally (i.d.)The immediate reaction to anti‐IgE was inhibited by 3 μg terbutaline and 30 μg mepyramine (P<0.01) whereas 50 μg betamethasone had no effect. Terbutaline had no effect on the flare response induced by i.d. injected histamine but a slight effect on whealing. Terbutaline and mepyramine weakly reduced the LCAR throughout the observation period of 24 h (P<0.01). In contrast, betamethasone almost completely abolished the LCAR. It is concluded that the two phases of the skin reaction to anti‐IgE are interrelated since an inhibition of the early phase was followed by an attenuation of the LCAR. The mechanism of action of steroids seems to differ fundamentally from that of other anti‐allergic drugs since inhibition of the early step in the reaction is not essential to the action on the late step. It is further suggested that terbutaline inhibits anti‐IgE‐mediated cutaneous reactions by inhibition of the mast ce

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1981.tb01835.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The value of three objective tests of the nasal mucosa in 22 patients with perennial non‐allergic rhinitis treated with a topical corticosteroid has been investigated. Placebo and three different dosages of a new steroid, budesonide, were administered intranasally using a double‐blind, cross‐over technique. Nasal airway resistance was not reduced by the steroid treatment as compared with the placebo treatment. Eosinophilia in nasal smears was reduced by budesonide. However, the value of this test was decreased by the fact that eosinophilia was found in less than 50% of the patients at the beginning of the trial. Metacholine‐induced nasal secretion was significantly reduced by the budesonide treatment. Symptom scores for nasal obstruction, secretion and sneezing attacks were also significantly reduced by the

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1981.tb01836.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1981.tb01837.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Parker, Charles W.(ed.): Clinical immunology.Marchalonis, J. J.&Cohen, N.(eds.): Self/non‐self discrimination. Contemporary topics in immunobiolo

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1981.tb01838.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY