摘要:

AbstractA differential equation describing the kinetics of film diffusion controlled ion exchange processes is derived on the basis of the theory of irreversible thermodynamics. This equation is solved subsequently with the boundary conditions of infinite solution volume and applied to some experimental results involving differential ion exchange reactions. In case of the boundary conditions of a finite solution volume, the kinetics of dissolution of a sparingly soluble salt by an ion exchanger is considered.

ISSN:0021-2148    

DOI:10.1002/ijch.197300002

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA cubic equation has been derived that permits calculation of the composition of aqueous bromine solutions in terms of HOBr, BrO−, Br2, Br−3and Br−as a continuous function of the pH, the initial oxidant concentration and the mole fraction of oxidant consumed. The calculations were performed by computer for the pH range 0–14 at bromine concentrations (c0) of 10−1to 10−7M. Throughout the course of an oxidation at pH 0 andc0= 10−4, bromine water is pure Br2. No Br−3exists atc010, bromine water is pure BrO−, while at pH<7, no BrO−is present. These conditions are unchanged d

ISSN:0021-2148    

DOI:10.1002/ijch.197300003

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSolutions of potassium ferrocyanide in 10 N NaOH glass and in ethylene‐glycol/water (3/1) glass at 77°K were irradiated with UV‐light. The ratio of the yields of radicals in the two solvents, as well as the scavenging efficiency of an election scavenger (acrylamide) in 10 N NaOH, were found to change with the irradiation wavelength. From the experiments the conclusion is drawn that the ejection of electrons may occur from different electronic levels depending on the excitation wavelength and that the electrons ejected from a charge‐transfer‐to‐solvent state have higher reactivity with a scavenger than electrons ejected from intramolecular sing

ISSN:0021-2148    

DOI:10.1002/ijch.197300004

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCations which shift certainequilibriafrom left to right by forming a compound with one of the reaction products were investigated with respect to theirkineticrole in the process. Silver ions have no influence on the rate of the hydrolysis of cyanogen iodide. Similarly, cations which form sparingly soluble carbonates do not influence the rate of hydration of carbon dioxide. On the other hand, the hydrolysis of chlorine is accelerated by Ag+and, to a lesser extent, by Cd2+and Fe(III). It is shown that the effect isnotdue simply to a bimolecular reaction between chlorine and the cation. In the case of Ag+, heterogeneous catalysis may play some role, in analogy with the solvolysis of organic halides. In the case of Cd2+, there is spectrophotometric evidence for compounds between Cl2and HOCl on the one hand, and the cation on the other. It is suggested that these compounds interconvert more rapidly than do the parent substances. A similar mechanism may be operative in the case of Fe(III), and, possibly, also in the case of Ag+.

ISSN:0021-2148    

DOI:10.1002/ijch.197300005

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe two‐stage decomposition of ammonium chloride into ammonia and hydrogen chloride, with the aid of metal oxides, was investigated. Twenty‐one oxides were considered for this sequence, and 14 were actually tested and the temperature range of the reactions determined. The energy requirements for heating the metal chlorides from t1to t2were calculated. For Fe2O3, the temperatures are 200° and 300°, respectively, and the heating requirement ca. 17 × 103kcal/t NH4Cl con

ISSN:0021-2148    

DOI:10.1002/ijch.197300006

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe anionic graft polymerization of lauryl methacrylate on the potassium alkoxide derivative of starch was studied. The yield of graft polymer increased with increasing alkoxide concentration. With increasing monomer concentration and with increasing temperature, the extent of homopolymer formation increased. The composition of the graft polymers depends on the reaction conditions; graft polymers having about 30–65% polylauryl methacrylate were obtaine

ISSN:0021-2148    

DOI:10.1002/ijch.197300007

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe adsorption of mercury and other heavy metal salts by cotton fabrics containing polyethylene and polypropylene sulfide was investigated. Adsorption of mercuric chloride from aqueous solution was investigated in detail, and AH of the reaction was determined. A general screening of the capacity of adsorption of the polymers for heavy metal salts was carried out. Differences in behavior between the polymeric system and simple thioethers were observed. Auric, antimony, titanium, palladium, platinum and bismuth salts were adsorbed by the modified cotton; other salts, known also to complex with organic sulfides, were not adsorbed.

ISSN:0021-2148    

DOI:10.1002/ijch.197300008

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThecisandtransisomers of solid 1,2‐dibenzoylethylene, 1,2‐di‐p‐chlorobenzoylethylene and 1,2‐di‐p‐methyl‐benzoylethylene yield, on exposure to bromine vapour at room temperature, thetrans‐adducts in quantitative yield except in the case ofcis‐1,2‐di‐p‐methyl‐benzoylethylene where isomerisation takes place prior to or during the bromination process yielding the same dibromide as thetrans‐isomer. Thecis‐transisomerisation of the three solidcis‐isomers by iodine vapour has been analysed by determining the rate of the reaction from the change in IR transmittance. The isomerisation follows a first‐order mechanism.

ISSN:0021-2148    

DOI:10.1002/ijch.197300009

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWhile the reaction of linear α,β‐unsaturated ethyl esters with vinylmagnesium chloride yields vinyl ketones as the main product, the reaction of substituted α,β‐unsaturated ethyl esters yields triethylenic ca

ISSN:0021-2148    

DOI:10.1002/ijch.197300010

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAnodic oxidation ofcis, trans, cis‐3, 4‐dicarbomethoxy‐1, 2‐cyclobutanedicarboxylic acid (I) yields 65% of the title compound (II), which on heating isomerizes stereoselectively into thecis, trans‐muc

ISSN:0021-2148    

DOI:10.1002/ijch.197300011

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY