ISSN:0048-5772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1979.tb01490.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0048-5772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1979.tb01491.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0048-5772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1979.tb01492.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0048-5772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1979.tb01493.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe skin conductance response component of the orienting reflex was used to measure changes in attention during vigilance performance in order to test several hypotheses which have related aspects of vigilance performance to the occurrence and habituation of orienting or observing responses. Subjects detected irregularly presented visual signals among similar visual events during two 30‐min tasks. Skin conductance responses were analyzed in epochs of time immediately preceding and following signals and in nonsignal‐related time epochs. Magnitudes of skin conductance responses declined in both signal‐related epochs (pre and post), but this decrement was correlated with performance changes only in the post‐signal epoch. There was no decrement in SCR magnitudes during the nonsignal‐related epochs. Skin conductance response magnitudes were significantly larger both before and after detected signals compared to misses. The data support the hypothesis that changes in vigilance performance over time are related to habituation of the orienting reflex evoked by signals. They also suggest that attentional processes preceding signals are related to successful d

ISSN:0048-5772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1979.tb01494.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0048-5772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1979.tb01495.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTIn Experiment 1 rats received an intense tone burst (S2) alone or preceded by a white noise (S1) with a lead time of 60 msec or 10 sec. In Experiment 2 S2 was given when HR increases produced by S1 were at a peak or had returned to baseline, and a light flash (L) was given 60 msec before S2 on half of the trials. Skeletal and HR responses to S1 and S2 were measured. The cardiac startle response to S2 consisted of an immediate acceleration, a deceleration and trough at 1–2 sec, an acceleration and peak at 4–5 sec, and a recovery. With a 60‐msec lead time S1 or L inhibited the skeletal startle reflex and the accelerative HR reactions. With a long lead time S1 facilitated the skeletal startle reflex and in some conditions also provided a faster HR at the peak of the second HR acceleration. No correlation was observed between the amplitudes of skeletal and cardiac startle behavior, but these post‐S2 responses entered into complex relationships with pr

ISSN:0048-5772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1979.tb01496.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTDifferent patterns of lateralization of hemispheric function in the male and female brain have been proposed to account for sex differences in performance of linguistic and visuo‐spatial tasks. The present experiment was designed to determine whether task‐related asymmetries in suppression of the alpha rhythm differed between the sexes. Bilateral EEGs were recorded from 5 male and 5 female subjects while they performed 3 verbal‐numeric and 3 visuo‐spatial tasks. The proportion of right hemisphere alpha activity differed between these tasks for the male group but not for the female group. This result suggests a sex‐related difference in degree of lateralization of hemispheric function, with males having a more strict segregation of

ISSN:0048-5772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1979.tb01497.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTNinety‐six subjects participated in an experiment conducted to determine the separate and combined effects of respiratory control and biofeedback on control of heart rate (HR). The results indicated, first, that controlling respiration enabled subjects to reliably (p<.001) increase HR but did not enable them to decrease HR, and second, that HR biofeedback did not enable subjects to change their HR more than they did when simply instructed to do so and not given biofeedback. These results are consistent with and add to previous findings concerning respiratory control, biofeedback and H

ISSN:0048-5772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1979.tb01498.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0048-5772    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1979.tb01499.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY