摘要:

The roles of zinc in immune responses continue to be defined and its impact on a broadening list of immune functions reported. Fundamental to the operation of zinc-dependent processes may be shifts in tissue zinc. Since the spleen is a site of activation, proliferation, and differentiation of lymphocytes, we examined changes in copper and zinc levels in spleens of antigen-stimulated A/J mice. Antigen stimulation with human immunoglobulin G and heat killed Staphylococcus aureus was compared with the actions of a nonantigenic inflammatory agent CaCl2. Between-group variations in copper and zinc with antigen treatment were compared in heart, liver, and spleen tissues. The zinc contents of spleens from antigen-treated mice were elevated, as were liver levels of the essential trace element. There were no significant increases in copper levels associated with antigen treatment. CaCl2-treated animal spleens demonstrated decreases in spleen copper and zinc content that were related to weight changes in the spleens, but not to specific treatment effects. Changes were suggestive of Interleukin-1 (IL-1) actions, which led to direct studies of IL-1 actions on splenic zinc. Partially purified IL-1 was injected into the tail vein and heart of A/J mice; liver and spleen zinc levels were determined 16 and 40 hours after injection. Significant increases in liver and splenic zinc concentrations were measured at both time intervals after IL-1 treatment. Antigen stimulation and, more directly IL-1, were related to stimulated increases in splenic zinc.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

ISSN:0731-5724    

DOI:10.1080/07315724.1983.10719924

出版商:Routledge    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Most studies concerning the nutritional status of alcoholics have focused on the indigent alcoholic but programs now increasingly consider the working patient. The role of socioeconomic status in determining nutritional status of the alcoholic is further clarified in this study. One hundred patients from an alcoholic population were studied, 50 with low socioeconomic status and 50 with middle or higher socioeconomic status. The nutritional status of these two different socioeconomic groups was examined and compared. The middle-income alcoholic had significantly higher values in weight to height index (P less than .02), the triceps skinfold (P less than .01), the midarm muscle circumference (P less than .05), hematocrit (P less than .01), and epilation force (P less than .001) than the lower-income alcoholic group. Hair-pulling tension was compared in both groups as an index of protein malnutrition. There was a highly significant difference in the two groups.

ISSN:0731-5724    

DOI:10.1080/07315724.1983.10719925

出版商:Routledge    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Despite mounting evidence, a question still exists as to the true clinical relevance of varying degrees of malnutrition, the role of currently measured nutritional parameters in identifying malnutrition and predicting clinical risk in individual patients, and the efficacy of nutritional therapy. This study was designed to document the usefulness of the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) as a predictor of clinical course. The nutritional assessments and clinical records of 328 subjects in a Veterans Administration Hospital were reviewed, PNI and complication rates were determined for each of the subjects, and the data statistically analyzed. The PNI was found to be a useful indicator of malnutrition and predictor of clinical course. The PNI appeared to be a more sensitive index of clinical outcome than did comparison of individual nutritional parameters to accepted norms, although it accounted for only 17% of the information needed to predict clinical course perfectly.

ISSN:0731-5724    

DOI:10.1080/07315724.1983.10719927

出版商:Routledge    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A 39-year-old female with scleroderma was maintained on total parenteral nutrition (TPN) at home for four years. She received 2 units of a 10% fat emulsion per week in which 55% of the fatty acids were from linoleate and 7% from linolenate. She was initially placed on TPN because she had difficulty in swallowing due to scleroderma. At the end of four years she had a triene:tetraene ratio of greater than 1. There was evidence of alterations in membrane function due to essential fatty acid deficiency including CNS involvement (blindness, impaired hearing and disorientation) as well as respiratory insufficiency. The diagnosis of membrane involvement was made from gas chromatography (gc) and gc-mass spectroscopy (ms) analysis of red cell membranes which were deficient in linoleate. The patient's immediate cause of death was from respiratory insufficiency.

ISSN:0731-5724    

DOI:10.1080/07315724.1983.10719928

出版商:Routledge    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor