摘要:

AbstractFELDMANand ESHEL(1982) have introduced a precise two locus genetical model to examine the spread of “selfish” alleles in a genetically “altruistic” population. They have shown that, with complete linkage between the gene affecting “altruism” and another determining parental “interference”, the development of “selfishness” may be prevented. Furthermore, “interference”, may allow the development of “altruism” in a “selfish” population. Small population results illustrate how a deterministic analysis may not provide a satisfactory description of how particular rare events occur. The usefulness of major gene m

ISSN:0323-3847    

DOI:10.1002/bimj.4710270502

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0323-3847    

DOI:10.1002/bimj.4710270503

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractUsing a distribution‐free approach, a modification of the usual procedure for selecting the better of two treatments is presented. Here the possibility of no selection when the treatments appear to be ‘equivalent’ is allowed. The sample size and the constant needed to implement the proposed procedure are determined by controlling the probabilities of a correct selection and a wrong selection when the two treatments are not equiv

ISSN:0323-3847    

DOI:10.1002/bimj.4710270504

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn this paper we have developed a finite stage Bayes test in the analysis of variance. Determining such a decision rule the losses of erroneously accepting the hypotheses as well as the observation costs and the a priori probabilities were considered. We have given a method of constructing the continuation intervals (at,bt) (t= 1, …,r) of ar‐stage test and have demonstrated how the decision process operates. Furthermore it has been investigated in which way the Bayes risk depends on the several parameters. Especially we have shown that the Bayes risk of anr‐stage test is much smaller than the Bayes risk of a corresponding test with fixed sample size as a

ISSN:0323-3847    

DOI:10.1002/bimj.4710270505

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA number of statistics have recently been proposed to asssess the fit of the multiple logistic regression model in both prospective and retrospective studies involving two independent samples as well as in cross sectional studies. These statistics are not appropriate for assessing fit with matched case‐control studies.This paper presents methods for assessing fit for matched case‐control studies. Both parametric and nonparametric approaches are suggested even though none are directly analogous to the statistics proposed in the unmatched situation. Several examples are included to illustrate the meth

ISSN:0323-3847    

DOI:10.1002/bimj.4710270506

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractLet us consider a general population π. Each object belonging to the population π is characterized by a pair of correlated random vectors (X, Y). BothXandYmay be mixtures of discrete and continuous random variables. It will be assumed that our population π consists ofkgroups π1,….,πk, which depend on the value of the random vectorY.A certain object, which is an element of one of thekgroups π1, …, πk, has to be classified into the correct group. The knowledge of the value of the random vectorYwould permit its correct classification, but the observation of this vector is difficult or dangerous and we must assign the individual on the basis of the observation of the random vectorX. The classification procedure is based on randomized decision function δ* which minimizes the risk function i.e. Bayes decision function. We give also two empirical Bayes classification rules i.e. decision functions based on the sample from population π and having property that their risks converge to Bayes risk when the sample si

ISSN:0323-3847    

DOI:10.1002/bimj.4710270507

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBÖRZSÖNYI(1981) presents an analysis of the relationship between jaw joint pains and noises using data taken from the work of SCHMIDand ZSCHEGE(1976). That analysis consisted of the study of the association in various 2×2 tables obtained by collapsing the data.This paper views the data as being an incomplete portion of a 26table rather than as three 4×4 tables. The present formulation allows for more penetrating insights into the relations between pains, noises and side of mastication. The paper also presents a brief resumé of some new results appropriate to sparse two‐way contingency

ISSN:0323-3847    

DOI:10.1002/bimj.4710270508

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractProcedures to estimate the genetic segregation parameter when ascertainment of families is incomplete, have previously relied on iterative computer algorithms since estimators with closed form are lacking. We now present the Minimum Variance Unbiased Estimator for the segregation parameter under any ascertainment probability. This estimator assumes a simple form when ascertainment is complete. We also present a simple estimator, akin to Li and Mantel's (1968) estimator, but without the restriction that ascertainment be complete. The performance of these estimators is compared with respect to asymptotic efficiency. We also provide tables that define the required number of families of a given size that need to be sampled to achieve a specific power for testing simple hypothesis on the segregation parameter.

ISSN:0323-3847    

DOI:10.1002/bimj.4710270509

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0323-3847    

DOI:10.1002/bimj.4710270510

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe formulation of likelihood functions for multivariate genetic traits in humans is discussed, and exact computing formulas presented for families and simple pedigrees. The model described incorporates all the features of the original ELSTON and STEWART (1971) formulation and that of LANGE et al. (1976, 1983); the integration of the two models is achieved through the introduction of quantities we call “relatedness coefficients.” These are subsequently used to define “status indices,” which turn out to be the key to the computational problem, for the polygenic and mixed models of genetic transmission. The highest order of matrices that enter into the calculation ispXpfor ap‐variate trait, instead ofnpXnp, wherenis the size of the pedigree. The expressions that are presented can be extended to complex pedigree s

ISSN:0323-3847    

DOI:10.1002/bimj.4710270511

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY